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biological nutrient removal by internal circulation upflow sludge blanket reactor after landfill leachate pretreatment

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2013年第10期25卷 2130-2137页

作者： Alkhafaji R.Abood Jianguo Bao Zaidun N.Abudi State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences Thi Qar University Al-Mustansiryiah University College of Engineering

The removal of biological nutrient from mature landfill leachate with a high nitrogen load by an internal circulation upflow sludge blanket （ICUSB） reactor was studied. The reactor is a set of anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic （A^2/O） bioreactors, developed on the basis of an expended granular sludge blanket （EGSB）, granular sequencing batch reactor （GSBR） and intermittent cycle extended aeration system （ICEAS）. Leachate was subjected to stripping by agitation process and poly ferric sulfate coagulation as a pretreatment process, in order to reduce both ammonia toxicity to microorganisms and the organic contents. The reactor was operated under three different operating systems, consisting of recycling sludge with air （A^2/O）, recycling sludge without air （low oxygen） and a combination of both （A^2/O and low oxygen）. The lowest effluent nutrient levels were realised by the combined system of A^2/O and low oxygen, which resulted in effluent of chemical oxygen demand （COD）, NH3-N and biological oxygen demand （BOD5） concentrations of 98.20, 13.50 and 22.50 mg/L. The optimal operating conditions for the efficient removal of biological nutrient using the ICUSB reactor were examined to evaluate the influence of the parameters on its performance. The results showed that average removal efflciencies of COD and NH3- N of 96.49% and 99.39%, respectively were achieved under the condition of a hydraulic retention time of 12 hr, including 4 hr of pumping air into the reactor, with dissolved oxygen at an rate of 4 mg/L and an upflow velocity 2 m/hr. These combined processes were successfully employed and effectively decreased pollutant loading.

关键词： landfill leachate anaerobic-anoxic-aerobic (A^2/O) bioreactor biological nutrient removal combined treatment

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biological nutrient removal in a Full Scale Anoxic/Anaerobic/Aerobic/ Pre-anoxic-MBR Plant for Low C/N Ratio Municipal Wastewater Treatment

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2014年第4期22卷 447-454页

作者：胡香谢丽 SHIM Hojae 张善发杨殿海 State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse Tongji University Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Faculty of Science and Technology University of Macao Taipa Macao SAR China Shanghai Urban Construction Design and Research Institute

A novel full scale modified A2O （anoxic/anaerobic/aerobic/pre-anoxic）-membrane bioreactor （MBR） plant combined with the step feed strategy was operated to improve the biological nutrient removal （BNR） from low C/N ratio municipal wastewater in Southern China. Transformation of organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, and membrane fouling were investigated. Experimental results for over four months demonstrated good efficiencies for chemical oxygen demand （COD） and NH4^＋-N removal, with average values higher than 84.5%and 98.1%, re-spectively. A relatively higher total nitrogen （TN） removal efficiency （52.1%） was also obtained at low C/N ratio of 3.82, contributed by the configuration modification （anoxic zone before anaerobic zone） and the step feed with a distribution ratio of 1：1. Addition of sodium acetate into the anoxic zone as the external carbon source, with a theoretical amount of 31.3 mg COD per liter in influent, enhanced denitrification and the TN removal efficiency in-creased to 74.9%. Moreover, the total phosphate （TP） removal efficiency increased by 18.0%. It is suggested that the external carbon source is needed to improve the BNR performance in treating low C/N ratio municipal waste-water in the modified A^2O-MBR process.

关键词： biological nutrient removal low C/N ratio wastewater membrane bioreactor denitrification external carbon source

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Enhanced biological nutrient removal in modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic process with return activated sludge pre-concentration

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2015年第6期23卷 1027-1034页

作者：鲁骎毋海燕李昊岩杨殿海 State Key Lab. of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Tongji University Xylem (China) Co. Ltd. Shanghai Plant Biomass Co. Ltd.

A pilot-scale modified carbon source division anaerobic anoxic oxic(AAO) process with pre-concentration of returned activated sludge(RAS) was proposed in this study for the enhanced biological nutrient removal(BNR) of municipal wastewater with limited carbon source. The influent carbon source was fed in step while a novel RAS pre-concentration tank was adopted to improve BNR efficiency, and the effects of an influent carbon source distribution ratio and a RAS pre-concentration ratio were investigated. The results show that the removal efficiency of TN is mainly influenced by the carbon source distribution ratio while the TP removal relies on the RAS pre-concentration ratio. The optimum carbon source distribution ratio and RAS pre-concentration ratio are 60% and 50%, respectively, with an inner recycling ratio of 100% under the optimum steady operation of pilot test, reaching an average effluent TN concentration of 9.8 mg·L-1with a removal efficiency of 63% and an average TP removal efficiency of 94%. The mechanism of nutrient removal is discussed and the kinetics is analyzed. The results reveal that the optimal carbon source distribution ratio provides sufficient denitrifying carbon source to each anoxic phase, reducing nitrate accumulation while the RAS pre-concentration ratio improves the condition of anaerobic zone to ensure the phosphorus release due to less nitrate in the returned sludge. Therefore, nitrifying bacteria, denitrifying bacteria and phosphorus accumulation organisms play an important role under the optimum condition, enhancing the performance of nutrient removal in this test.

关键词： Modified AAO process Carbon source distribution ratio Returned activated sludge pre-concentration biological nutrient removal

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Nitrogen removal Efficiencies for Two biological nutrient removal （BNR） Plants in Thailand： Molasses as an External Carbon Source for Enriched Denitrifying Culture in a BNR Process

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2011年第10期5卷 1245-1251页

作者： P.L. Noophan P. Pajorn S. Sirivithayapakorn M. Damrongsri C. Wantawin Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering Kasetsart University Bangkok 10903 Thailand Department of Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering King Mongkut＇s University of Technology Thonburi Bangkok 10140 Thailand

Two biological nutrient removal （BNR） wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） in Thailand were selected for study： the Nonghkaem WWTP and the Suvarnabhumi Airport WWTP. For each site the influents, effluents, and supernatant liquids from anaerobic sludge digesters were analyzed for total Kjeldahl nitrogen （TKN）, total nitrogen （TN）, total chemical oxygen demand （TCOD）, biodegradable chemical oxygen demand （bCOD）, and biochemical oxygen demand （BOD）. Nitrogen removal efficiencies in the Nonghkaem WWTP and the Suvarnabhumi Airport WWTP were evaluated. Inadequate nitrogen removal at the Nonghkaem centralized WWTP was found during the summer period. Influent ratios of bCOD：N at the Nonghkaem plant and the Suvarnabhumi Airport plant were 2.42：1-5.45：1 and 4.1：1-6.5：1, respectively. The efficacy of addition of molasses as a carbon source for enriched denitrifying culture in a BNR process at Nonghkaem was studied. Fluorescent in situ hybridization technique （FISH） was used to identify specific nitrifying bacteria （Nitrosomonas spp., Nitrobacter spp. and Nitrospira spp.）. Nitrospira spp. was the most prevalent species in the aeration tank at the Nonghkaem WWTP. This result from FISH suggests that there were significantly low oxygen and nitrite concentration in the aeration tank at the Nonghkaem WWTP during a period of low nitrogen removal.

关键词： Nitrogen removal efficiency biological nutrient removal Thailand

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A novel approach to estimate and control denitrification performance in activated sludge systems with respirogram technology

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第11期34卷 112-121页

作者： Zhihua Li Yali Zhang Zhenyu Hang Meng Lu Haiguang Wang Xingdong Gao Ruina Zhang Key Laboratory of Northwest Water Resource Environment and EcologyMOEXi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Engineering Xi’an University of Architecture and TechnologyXi’an 710055China Shanghai Environmental&Sanitary Engineering Design Institute Co.Ltd. Shanghai 200232China

Respirogram technology has been widely applied for aerobic process, however, the response of respirogram to anoxic denitrification is still unclear. To reveal such response may help to design a new method for the evaluation of the performance of denitrification. The size distribution of flocs measured at different denitrification moments demonstrated a clear expansion of flocs triggered by denitrification, during which higher specific endogenous and quasi-endogenous respiration rates(SOUReand SOURq) were also observed. Furthermore,SOURqincreases exponentially with the specific denitrification rate(SDNR), suggesting that there should be a maximum SDNR in conventional activated sludge systems. Based on these findings, an index Rq/t, defined as the ratio of quasi-endogenous(OURq) to maximum respiration rate(OURt), is proposed to estimate the denitrification capacity that higher Rq/tindicates higher denitrification potential, which can be readily obtained without complex measurement or analysis, and it offers a novel and promising respirogram-based approach for denitrification estimation and control by taking measures to extend anoxic time to maintain its value at a high level within a certain range.

关键词： Denitrification Respirogram Activated sludge Oxygen uptake rate biological nutrient removal

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Enhanced biological nutrients removal using an integrated oxidation ditch with vertical circle from wastewater by adding an anaerobic column

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2005年第6期17卷 894-898页

作者： WANG Shu-mei LIU Jun-xin Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China

Compared to conventional oxidation ditches, an integrated oxidation ditch with vertical circle （IODVC） has the characters of concise configuration, simple operation and maintenance, land saving and automatical sludge returning. By the utilization of vertical circulation, an aerobic zone and an anoxic zone can be unaffectedly formed in the IODVC. Therefore, COD and nitrogen can be efficiently removed. However, the removal efficiency of phosphorus was low in the IODVC. In the experiment described, a laboratory scale system to add an anaerobic column to the IODVC has been tested to investigate the removal of phosphorus from wastewater. The experimental results showed that the removal efficiency of TP with the anaerobic column was increased to 54.0% from 22.3% without the anaerobic column. After the acetic sodium was added into the influent as carbon sources, the mean TP removal efficency of 77. 5 % was obtained. At the same time, the mean removal efficiencies of COD, TN and NH3-N were 92.2%, 81.6% and 98.1%, respectively, at 12 h of HRT and 21-25 d of SRT. The optimal operational conditions in this study were as follows： recycle rate = 1.5-2.0, COD/TN 〉 6, COD/TP 〉 40, COD loading rate = 0.26-0.32 kgCOD/（kgSS· d）, TN loading rate = 0. 028-0. 034 kgTN/（ kgSS·d） and TP loading rate = 0.003-0.005 kgTP/（kgSS· d）, respectively.

关键词： integrative oxidation ditch with vertical circle wastewater treatment biological nutrient removal

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Enhanced biological phosphorus removal using thermal alkaline hydrolyzed municipal wastewater biosolids

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第12期31卷 164-174页

作者： Masuduz Zaman Mingu Kim George Nakhla Ajay Singh Fenghua Yang Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Western UniversityLondonONCanada Lystek International Inc. CambridgeONCanada Metropolitan Water Reclamation District of Greater Chicago ChicagoUSA

This study reports the feasibility of using municipal wastewater biosolids as an alternative carbon source for biological phosphorus *** biosolids were treated by a lowtemperature,thermal alkaline hydrolysis process patented by Lystek International Inc.(Cambridge,ON,Canada)to produce short-chain volatile fatty acids and other readily biodegradable *** sequencing batch reactors(SBRs)were operated with synthetic volatile fatty acids(Syn VFA)and readily biodegradable organics produced from the alkaline hydrolysis of municipal wastewater biosolids(Lystek)as the carbon source,*** wastewaters with different strengths and COD:N:P ratios were tested in the *** reactors’performances were compared with respect to nitrogen and phosphorus *** was observed that phosphorus removal efficiencies were between 98%–99%and 90%–97%and nitrogen removal efficiencies were 78%–81%,and 67%for the Syn VFA and Lystek,***,the kinetics for phosphorus release and uptake during the anaerobic and aerobic stages with Lystek were observed to be significantly lower than Syn VFA due to the presence of higher order VFAs(C4 and above)and other fermentable organics in the Lystek.

关键词： Alternative carbon source biological nutrient removal Organic resource recovery Biosolids application Phosphorus accumulating organisms

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Optimization of denitrifying phosphorus removal in a predenitrification anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+nitrification sequence batch reactor(pre-A_(2)NSBR)system:Nitrate recycling,carbon/nitrogen ratio and carbon source type

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2018年第5期12卷 91-100页

作者： Weihua Zhao Meixiang Wang Jianwei Li Yu Huang Baikun Li Cong Pan Xiyao Li Yongzhen Peng National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology Engineering Research Center of BeijingBeijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China School of Marine Science and Technology Sino-Europe Membrane Technology Research InstituteHarbin Institute of TechnologyWeihai 264209China

Because the efficiency of biological nutrient removal is always limited by the deficient carbon source for the low carbon/nitrogen(C/N)ratio in real domestic sewage,the denitrifying phosphorus removal(DNPR)was developed as a simple and efficient method to remove nitrogen and *** addition,this method has the advantage of saving aeration energy while reducing the sludge *** this context,a pre-denitrification anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+nitrification sequence batch reactor(pre-A_(2)NSBR)system,which could also reduce high ammonia effluent concentration in the traditional two-sludge DNPR process,is proposed in this *** pre-A_(2)NSBR process was mainly composed of a DNPR SBR and a nitrifying SBR,operating as alternating anaerobic/anoxic/post-aeration+nitrification ***,the long-term performance of different nitrate recycling ratios(0-300%)and C/N ratios(2.5-8.8),carbon source type,and functional microbial community were *** results showed that the removal efficiency of total inorganic nitrogen(TIN,including NH4^(+)-N,NO_(2)^(-)-N,and NO_(3)^(-)-N)gradually increased with the nitrate recycling ratios,and the system reached the highest DNPR efficiency of 94.45% at the nitrate recycling ratio of 300%.The optimum C/N ratio was around 3.9-7.3 with a nitrogen and phosphorus removal efficiency of 80.15%and 93.57%,*** acetate was proved to be a high-quality carbon source for DNPR *** results of fluorescence in situ hybridization(FISH)analysis indicated that nitrifiers and phosphorus accumulating organisms(PAOs)were accumulated with a proportion of 19.41%and 26.48%,respectively.

关键词： Denitrifying phosphorus removal C/N ratio Nitrate recycling Carbon source type biological nutrient removal Pre-A_(2)NSBR system

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Simulation of long-term nutrient removal in a full-scale closed-loop bioreactor for sewage treatment： an example of Bayesian inference

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015年第3期9卷 534-544页

作者： Zheng LI Rong QI Wei AN Takashi MINO Tadashi SHOJI Willy VERSTRAETE Jian GU Shengtao LI Shiwei XU Min YANG State Key Laboratory of Environmental Aquatic Chemistry Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100086 China Socio-Cultural Environmental Studies the University of Tokyo Kashiwa City 277-8563 Japan Environmental Science Research Laboratory Central Research Institute of Electric Power Industry Chiba 270-1194 Japan Laboratory of Microbial Ecology and Technology (LabMET) Ghent University Gent 9000 Belgium Beijing Drainage Group Co. Ltd Beijing 100044 China

In this study, the performance of nitrogen and phosphorus removal in a full-scale closed-loop bioreactor （oxidation ditch） system was simulated using the ASM2d model. Routine data describing the process for two years were compiled for calibration and validation. To overcome the identifiability problem, the classic Bayesian inference approach was utilized for parameter estimation. The calibrated model could describe the long-term trend of nutrient removal and short-term variations of the process performance, showing that the Bayesian method was a reliable and useful tool for the parameter estimation of the activated sludge models. The anoxic phosphate uptake by polyphosphate accumulating organisms （PAO） contributed 71.2% of the total Poly-P storage, which reveals the dominance of denitrifying phosphorus removal process under the oxygen limiting conditions. It was found that 58.7% of the anoxic Poly-P storage and denitrification by PAO in the reactor was achieved in the aerated compartment, implying that the PAO＇s anoxic activity was significantly stimulated by the low dissolved oxygen （DO） level in this compartment due to the oxygen gradient caused by brush aerator.

关键词： activated sludge model Bayesian inference biological nutrient removal closed-loop bioreactor oxidation ditch denitrifying polyphosphate accumulating organisms

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Effect of short-term atrazine addition on the performance of an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic process

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2010年第2期4卷 150-156页

作者： Changyong WU Yongzhen PENG Xiaoling LI Zhiqiang CHEN State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment School of Municipal and Environmental EngineeringHarbin Institute of TechnologyHarbin 150090China Key Laboratory of Beijing for Water Environmental Recovery Engineering Beijing University of TechnologyBeijing 100124China

In this study,an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(A^(2)O)wastewater treatment process was implemented to treat domestic wastewater with short-term atrazine *** results provided an evaluation on the effects of an accidental pollution on the operation of a wastewater treatment plant(WWTP)in relation to Chemical Oxygen Demand(COD)and biological nutrient *** wastewater with atrazine addition in 3 continuous days was treated when steady biological nutrient removal was achieved in the A^(2)O *** concentrations of atrazine were 15,10,and 5 mg%L–1 on days 1,2 and 3,*** results showed that atrazine addition did not affect the removal of *** specific NH4þoxidation rate and NO3–reduction rate decreased slightly due to the short-term atrazine ***,it did not affect the nitrogen removal due to the high nitrification and denitrification capacity of the *** nitrogen(TN)removal was steady,and more than 70%was removed during the period *** phosphorus removal rate was not affected by the short-term addition of atrazine under the applied experimental ***,more poly-hydroxy-alkanoate(PHA)was generated and utilized during atrazine *** results of the oxygen uptake rate(OUR)showed that the respiration of nitrifiers decreased significantly,while the activity of carbon utilizers had no obvious change with the atrazine *** was not removed with the A^(2)O process,even via absorption by the activated sludge in the process of the short-term addition of atrazine.

关键词： biological nutrient removal atrazine anaerobic/anoxic/oxic(A^(2)O)process oxygen demand removal oxygen uptake rate(OUR)

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