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Assessment of the ecological state of haplic chernozem contaminated by oil,fuel oil and gasoline after remediation

Petroleum Research 2024年第1期9卷 155-164页

作者： Anna Ruseva Tatiana Minnikova Sergey Kolesnikov Dmitry Trufanov Nikita Minin Sofya Revina Vladimir Gayvoronsky Southern Federal University Academy of Biology and Biotechnology344090Rostov-on-DonRussia

The intensive use of petroleum hydrocarbon products has made them priority environmental pollutants.When petroleum hydrocarbons enter the soil,a change in physical,chemical,and biological properties is observed.The natural restoration of oil-contaminated soils is a lengthy process;therefore,remediation is often required.The aim of this study is to assess the change in the ecological state of haplic chernozem soil contaminated with oil,fuel oil,and gasoline after remediation.The indicators of soil biological activity,such as phytotoxicity(germination,length of shoots and roots),the activity of oxidoreductase enzymes(catalase and dehydrogenases),and the total number of bacteria were studied.The effects of nitroammophoska fertilizer,sodium humate,biochar,and the biofertilizer“Baikal EM-1”on the ecological state of soils contaminated with oil,fuel oil,and gasoline were studied.Pollution with oil,fuel oil,and gasoline decreased the values of all biological indicators.The most sensitive indicator was the length of radish roots in soils polluted with oil,gasoline,and fuel oil after remediation with nitroammophoska and Baikal EM-1 addition.The length of roots was the most sensitive indicator when remediation was performed with biochar and sodium humate added to soil contaminated with oil and gasoline,and with contamination of haplic chernozem soil with fuel oil,the total number of bacteria was the most sensitive indicator.The most effective ameliorant to phytotoxicity indicators for oil pollution was a 1 D dose of biochar,for fuel oil it was 1 D biochar and 2 D sodium humate,and for gasoline it was a 2 D dose of biochar and Baikal EM-1.All ameliorants at most of the studied doses increased dehydrogenase activity,but increased catalase activity only in some cases.An increase in the total number of bacteria in oil-contaminated soils was promoted by biochar and nitroammophoska at a dose of 2 D.Nitroammophoska was the most effective in ameliorant in soils contaminated with fuel oil;in soils polluted with gasoline,all doses o

关键词： Pollution Petroleum hydrocarbons Haplic chernozem Ameliorant dose biological indicators Soil properties

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A review of soil nematodes as biological indicators for the assessment of soil health

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2020年第3期7卷 275-281页

作者： Qiaofang LU Tongtong LIU Nanqi WANG Zhechao DOU Kunguang WANG Yuanmei ZUO College of Resources and Environmental Sciences National Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentKey Laboratory of Plant-Soil Interactions(Ministry of Education)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Healthy soils are essential for sustainableagricultural development and soil health requires carefulassessment with increasing societal concern over envir-onmentally friendly agricultural development. Soil healthis the capacity of soil to function within ecologicalboundaries to sustain productivity, maintain environmentalquality, and promote plant and animal health. Physical,chemical and biological indicators are used to evaluate soilhealth;the biological indicators include microbes, proto-zoa and metazoa. Nematodes are the most abundantmetazoa and they vary in their sensitivity to pollutants andenvironmental disturbance. Soil nematode communitiesare useful biological indicators of soil health, withcommunity characteristics such as abundance, diversity,community structure and metabolic footprint all closelycorrelated with the soil environment. The community size,complexity and structure reflect the condition of the soil.Both free-living and plant parasitic nematodes are effec-tive ecological indicators, contributing to nutrient cyclingand having important roles as primary, secondary andtertiary consumers in food webs. Tillage inversion,cropping patterns and nutrient management may havestrong effects on soil nematodes, with changes in soilnematode communities reflecting soil disturbance. Somefree-living nematodes serve as biological models to testsoil condition in the laboratory and because of theseadvantages soil nematodes are increasingly being used asbiological indicators of soil health.

关键词： biological indicators community characteristics soil health soil nematodes

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Establishment of injury models in studies of biological effects induced by microwave radiation

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Military Medical Research 2021年第2期8卷 253-272页

作者： Yun-Fei Lai Hao-Yu Wang Rui-Yun Peng Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine Beijing 100850China

Microwave radiation has been widely used in various fields,such as communication,industry,medical treatment,and military applications.Microwave radiation may cause injuries to both the structures and functions of various organs,such as the brain,heart,reproductive organs,and endocrine organs,which endanger human health.Therefore,it is both theoretically and clinically important to conduct studies on the biological effects induced by microwave radiation.The successful establishment of injury models is of great importance to the reliability and reproducibility of these studies.In this article,we review the microwave exposure conditions,subjects used to establish injury models,the methods used for the assessment of the injuries,and the indicators implemented to evaluate the success of injury model establishment in studies on biological effects induced by microwave radiation.

关键词： Microwave radiation Injury model biological effects Methods biological indicators Review

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Eukaryotic microbial distribution pattern and its potential effects on fisheries in the fish reserves of Qiantang River in breeding season

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2021年第2期39卷 566-581页

作者： Hang LAI Li ZHAO Wen YANG Regan NICHOLAUS Betina LUKWAMBE Jinyong ZHU Zhongming ZHENG School of Marine Sciences Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315211China Department of Natural Sciences Mbeya University of Science and TechnologyMbeya 53000Tanzania Department of Food Science and Technology University of Dar es SalaamDar es Salaam 11000Tanzania

To examine the eukaryotic biodiversity of aquatic ecosystems in the Qiantang River,China,eukaryotic microbes in the river were investigated using 18S rRNA gene sequencing during the breeding season(July to August 2018).Four distinct distribution patterns(1.Jiande;2.Tonglu and Fuyang;3.Jiubao;4.Yanguan)of the microbial community and their potential effects on fishery activities were observed.Results show lower abundances of Dinophyta and Fungi and higher abundances of Cryptophyta and Chlorophyta in Tonglu and Fuyang than those in the other three sections.In addition,the reserves(Tonglu and Fuyang)destabilized the original eukaryotic microbial co-occurrence network.Among all the environmental factors measured,nitrogen(nitrite,nitrate,ammonium),water temperature and total chlorophyll a acted as major driving factors that controlled the eukaryotic microbial distribution.Furthermore,the existence of some algae(e.g.,Chrysophyceae,Cryptophytes,and Chlorophyceae)and fungi(e.g.,Rhizophydium)in Tonglu and Fuyang was beneficial to juvenile fish growth and water quality,although some detrimental species(e.g.,Aphanomyces)needed attention.This study provides further insights into the sustainable protection and utilization of rivers.

关键词： Qiantang River fish reserves 18S rRNA asymmetric eigenvector maps molecular ecological network analyses biological indicators

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Estimating total nitrogen deposition in agroecosystems in northern China during the wheat cropping season

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Journal of Arid Land 2010年第1期2卷 2-8页

作者： Christie PETER Fangmeier ANDREAS College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Agri-Environment Branch Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute Institute of Plant Ecology and Landscape University of Hohenheim

Atmospheric nitrogen (N) deposition has been poorly documented in northern China, an intensive agricultural and industrial region with large emissions of NHx and NOy. To quantify N deposition, total airborne N deposition was determined at three agricultural sites using a manual integrated total nitrogen input (ITNI) system during growth of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.) from September 2005 to May 2006. Total estimated N deposition averaged 54.9 and 43.2 kg N/hm2 across the three sites when wheat was grown to flowering and maturing, respectively. The average value was 50.2 kg N/hm2 when ryegrass was the indicator plant. Both indicator species gave similar total airborne N input results. The intermediate level of N supplied resulted in the highest N deposition, and the ratio of N acquired from deposition to total N content of the whole system decreased with increasing N supply to the roots. The contribution of atmospheric N to the total N content of the wheat and ryegrass sand culture systems ranged from 10% to 24%.

关键词： airborne nitrogen inputs 15N pool dilution method sand culture system biological indicators

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Evaluation methods of heavy metal pollution in soils based on enzyme activities:A review

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Soil Ecology Letters 2021年第3期3卷 169-177页

作者： Yongxing Cui Xia Wang Xiangxiang Wang Xingchang Zhang Linchuan Fang State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau Institute of Soil and Water Conservation CAS and MWRYangling 712100China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China College of Natural Resources and Environment Northwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an 710061China

Soil enzyme activities have been suggested as suitable indicators for the evaluation of metal contamination because they are susceptible to microbial changes caused by heavy metal stress and are strictly related to soil nutrient cycles.However,there is a growing lack of recognition and summary of the historic advancements that use soil enzymology as the proposal of evaluation methods.Here,we review the most common methods of heavy metal pollution evaluation based on enzyme activities,which include single enzyme index,combined enzyme index,enzyme-based functional diversity index,microbiological stress index,and ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models.This review critically examines the advantages and disadvantages of these methods based on their execution complexity,performance,and ecological implications and gets a glimpse of avenues to come to improved future evaluation systems.Indices based on a single enzyme are variable and have no consistent response to soil heavy metals,and the following three composite indices are characterized by the loss of many critical microbial processes,which thus not conducive to reflect the effects of heavy metals on soil ecosystems.Considering the dexterity of ecoenzymatic stoichiometry methods in reflecting changes in soil functions under heavy metal stress,we propose that microbial metabolic limitations quantified by ecoenzymatic stoichiometry models could be promising indicators for enhancing the reality and acceptance of results and further improving the potential for actual utility in environmental decision-making.

关键词： Soil heavy metals Pollution assessment Microbial metabolism Enzyme activities Ecoenzymatic stoichiometry biological indicators

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