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Entomologia Sinica 2002年第2期9卷 43-50页

作者：魏佳宁况荣平中国科学院昆明动物研究所昆明650223 西南林学院昆明650224

The use of Beauveria bassiana proparations for control of coffee stem borers, Xylotrechus quardripes Chevr. and Acalolepta cervinus (Hope), as tested in the laboratory and field conditions. The results show that each instar of coffee stem borers could be infected and killed successfully when being inoculated or contacted with B. bassiana . The control efficacy under indoor cultivation conditions exceeded 90% within 15 days. Jamming drilled hole with fungal mud resulted in the accumulative mortality and corrected mortality of >90% within 20 days. In the field, three methods, jamming drilled holes with bamboo sticker, bamboo sticker with fungal mud, and fungal mud only, were employed, and each led to the control effect of > 90% within 20 days. However, spraying suspensions and dusting powder of B. bassiana was insignificant. The yield of fresh coffee fruits in biological control area was 125 7?kg/0 067?ha greater than that of control area when being harvested in February. Compared the cost of microbial control with that of chemical control, B. bassiana proved to be a profitable, effective, and safe biocontrol agent against coffee stem borer.

关键词： Beauveria bassiana biological control coffee stem borers Xylotrechus quardripes Acalolepta cervinus

COMPLEMENTARY SEX DETERMINATION IN HYMENOPTERAN PARASITOIDS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR biological control

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Entomologia Sinica 2003年第2期10卷 81-94页

作者： WUZhishan KeithR.Hopper PaulJ.Ode RogerW.Fuester CHENJia-hua GeorgeE.Heimpel Department of Entomology University of MinnesotaSt.PaulMN55108USA Beneficial Insects Introduction Research Laboratory USDA-ARSUniversity of DelawareDE19713USA Department of Entomology North Dakota State UniversityFargoND58105USA Department of Plant Protection Fufian Agriculture & Forestry UniversityFuzhouFujian 350002P.R.China

In haplodiploid Hymenoptera, unfertilized eggs produce haploid males while fertilized eggs lead to diploid females under most circumstances. Diploid males can also be produced from fertilization under a system of sex determination known as complementary sex determination (CSD). Under single-locus CSD, sex is determined by multiple alleles at a single sex locus. Individuals heterozygous at the sex locus are female while hemizygous and homozygous individuals develop as haploid and diploid males, respectively. In multiple-locus CSD, two or more loci, each with two or more alleles, determine sex. Diploid individuals are female if one or more sex loci are het-erozygous, while a diploid is male only if homozygous at all sex loci. Diploid males are known to occur in 43 hym-enopteran species and single-locus CSD has been demonstrated in 22 of these species. Diploid males are either developmentally inviable or sterile, so their production constitutes a genetic load. Because diploid male production is more likely under inbreeding, CSD is a form of inbreeding depression. It is crucial to preserve the diversity of sex alleles and reduce the loss of genetic variation in biological control. In the parasitoid species with single-locus CSD, certain precautionary procedures can prevent negative effects of single-locus CSD on biological control.

关键词： Complementary sex determination (CSD) Hymenoptera diploid males biological control

Study of the Constraints of Millet Production (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) and the Peasant Perception of biological control in the Tahoua Region

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Agricultural Sciences 2024年第1期15卷 1-14页

作者： Rabé Mahamane Moctar Hama Oumarou Issaka Rabo Salissou Abdoulaye Amoustapha Soumaila Bakoye Nouhou Ousmane Baoua Ibrahim Faculty of Agricultural Sciences Djibo Hamani University of Tahoua Tahoua Niger NGO Sahel Bio of Maradi Maradi Niger Faculty of Agronomy and Environnemental Science DanDicko DanKoulodo University of Maradi Maradi Niger

Millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. Br.) is the Sahelian crop par excellence due to its adaptation to the particular production conditions in this region. Unfortunately, in recent years this crop has been threatened by very strong parasitic pressure and drought during the production period. The objective of this study is to analyze the main constraints of millet production and the solutions known to producers. A survey was carried out in November 2022 with a sample of 298 producers in five municipalities in the Tahoua region. The main constraints are drought and pressure from crop pests (locust, millet ear miner, floricultural insects) according to 57.9% of respondents. The millet ear miner is the most formidable pest according to 55% of respondents. Thus, the average yield obtained in a year of good production without the leafminer is 194 kg/ha and that obtained in a year of millet ear leafminer is around 27 kg to 43 kg/ha depending on the municipality. The yield obtained this last campaign after the attack of this leafminer varies from 64 to 77 kg/ha depending on the municipalities compared to a potential yield of over 1000 kg/ha. More than half of producers (58.1%) are unaware of the existence of biological control compared to only 12.5% who are aware of this alternative method. Work to popularize this technology is necessary in the five municipalities and the entire region in general.

关键词： biological control Ear Miner Millet

Modified Predator-Prey Model for Mealybug Population with biological control

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Journal of Mathematics and System Science 2016年第5期6卷 180-193页

作者： Jairaj Promrak Graeme Wake Chontita Rattanakul Department of Mathematics Faculty of Science Mahidol University Thailand. Institute of Natural and Mathematical Sciences Massey University Auckland New Zealand. Centre of Excellence in Mathematics Commission on Higher Education Thailand.

Mealybugs are a major pest for many crops （such as the vegetable Cassava, in Thailand）. An environmentally-friendly bio-control method is implemented using an introduced predator （green lacewings） of the mealybugs to mitigate plant damage. This is analyzed so as to devise and determine an optimal strategy for control of the mealybug population. A predator-prey model has been proposed and analyzed to study the effect of the biological control of the spread of the mealybugs in the plant field. The behaviour of the system in terms of stability, phase space and bifurcation diagrams are considered. The results obtained from different numbers of predators being released are compared. In particular we obtain thresholds of introduced-predator level above which the prey is driven to extinction. Future models will include age-structured multi-compartments for both the prey and predator populations.

关键词： Predator-prey model mealybug biological control

Integrated biological control of Tobacco Bacterial Wilt (<i>Ralstonia solanacearum</i>) and Its Effect on Rhizosphere Microbial Community

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2021年第3期9卷 124-142页

作者： Yun Hu Chunli Li Xiaoqiong Yang Ji Feng Lin Wang Shouwen Chen Yanyan Li Yong Yang State Key Laboratory of Biocatalysis and Enzyme Engineering School of Life Science Hubei University Wuhan China Tobacco Research Institute of Hubei Province Wuhan China Hubei Tobacco Industry Co. Ltd. Wuhan China

biological control agents and soil amendments have been applied to control tobacco bacterial wilt, but the mechanism is not well-known. In the present study, a field experiment was performed to investigate the soil physicochemical properties, disease index (DI) and disease incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt, and rhizosphere microbial community. The results show that the control efficacy of single application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 46.43% and 51.92%, respectively. While the combined control efficacy of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide was 65.79%. Besides, the combined application of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide could increase soil pH, total N alkaline N, and exchangeable Ca, which were negatively associated with the microbial diversity, soil-borne pathogenic microorganisms, and incidence of tobacco bacterial wilt. Additionally, the combination of antagonistic bacteria and calcium cyanamide can improve the proportion of some antagonistic microbial species, and these antagonistic microbial species were inversely associated with the DI of tobacco bacterial wilt. In conclusion: The integrated measure may influence soil microbial communities through enhancing soil physicochemical properties and rebuild healthy soil microbial community structure to mitigate tobacco bacterial wilt. The current study presented valuable insights into the mechanisms enhancing soil health in the integrated measure.

关键词： biological control Tobacco Bacterial Wilt Alkaline Fertilizer Physicochemical Property Rhizospheric Microorganism

controlling Dengue: Effectiveness of biological control and Vaccine in Reducing the Prevalence of Dengue Infection in Endemic Areas

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Health 2016年第1期8卷 64-74页

作者： Bryan Paul Wai Liang Tham Faculty of Science University of Alberta Edmonton Canada Faculty of Medicine University of British Columbia Vancouver Canada

With the increased prevalence of dengue infection in tropical countries, concerned members of the public are now pressing their local health ministries to act immediately and effectively in managing the rising numbers of reported cases. This includes reviews of the methodologies and the effectiveness of current combative systems to find other possible novel approaches that might yield better results. One of those novel approaches is the integration of a parasite into mosquito vector, manipulating the parasite-host interaction to reduce the transmission of dengue in endemic hotspots. Another alternative is by Sanofi-Pasteur’s dengue vaccine that showed over 60.8% success rate in reducing severe dengue infection in children aged 9 - 16 during its final clinical implementation phase. This report will compare and contrast these two novel ideas to determine which of the approaches are more likely to be effective in the long run. The aspects covered will include the application, effectiveness, functionality, and problems with these approaches. The results could then be utilised by governments or organizations to select precise and effective methods in reducing the prevalence of dengue infections in their countries.

关键词： Dengue Pathogenesis Pathology Immunology biological control Vaccine

A Mechanism for biological control-Tempo-Spatial Synchronization of Natural Enemy and Insect Pest Population Dynamics at the Peak by Increase of Biodiversity

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(B) 2015年第10期4卷 538-546页

作者： Long Zhang Xiangyong Li Department of Entomology China Agricultural University Beijing 100193 China

To reveal the mechanism of control of the Woolly Apple Aphid （Eriosoma lanigerum Hausm, WAA） by increase of biodiversity in the apple orchard, a consecutive two-year field trials were conducted in Yurman province, China. The results showed that the peak of natural enemy density curve in the cover cropping orchard was well temporally synchronized with that of the WAA density on trees, but did not synchronize with that of WAA density on trees in clean orchard. In addition, the frequency of natural enemies and WAA within a same sample in cover cropping orchard was obviously higher than that in clean cultivated orchard during the peak of population curves, indicating that natural enemies spatially synchronized with aphids. The density of WAA for the whole growing season in cover cropping orchard was much less than that in clean orchard. Therefore, the temporal-spatial synchrony of natural enemy and aphid populations was proposed as one of the mechanisms for aphid control in cover cropped orchards.

关键词： Synchrony natural enemies aphid Eriosoma lanigerum cover crops apple orchard biological control temporal-spatialdynamics.

Utilization of Fungi for the biological control of Insect Pests and Ganoderma Disease in the Indonesian Oil Palm Industry

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Journal of Agricultural Science and Technology(A) 2014年第2期4卷 103-111页

作者： Hari Priwiratama Agus Susanto Crop Protection Division Indonesian Oil Palm Research Institute Medan 20158 Indonesia

biological control is usually the first choice of control and prevention method for integrated pest management （IPM） strategies and has now been widely implemented by Indonesian oil palm plantations. Entomopathogenic fungus, i.e., Metarhizium anisopliae, Cordyceps militaris and Beauveria bassiana have been demonstrated to control renowned pests of oil palm. Metarhizium has been used to control Oryctes larvae and the mortality has ranged from 91.67% to 100% in laboratory and 7.4% to 88.75% in the field. Metarhizium has been applied in combination with a termite baiting system （TBS） to control termites in the field for preventive and curative action as well. In many oil palm plantations in Indonesia, Cordyceps has been used to reduce the field moth population ofSetothosea asigna. Application of Cordyceps within the oil palm circle was able to infect S. asigna pupae up to 80%. Meanwhile, Beauveria in an effervescent formulation was demonstrated to have better efficacy on Darna trima larvae. A significant finding on the biological control of basal stem rot disease （Ganoderma） was the isolation of Trichoderma sp. and Gliocladium sp.. The efficacy was conducted with promising result and techniques on the application of Triehoderma have been developed, i.e., hole-in-hole system, surgery and a mounding method. However, as the roots developed, Trichoderma was no longer able to protect the palm from Ganoderma. In spite of that, the use of Trichoderma still prolonged the life ofoil palms by up to 2-3 years. Another fungi belonging to vesicular arbuscular mychorrhiza （VAM） has been developed to control Ganoderma. The efficacy in the nursery showed promising results and the Ganoderma incidence remained low compared to the untreated control. Large scale field trials are ongoing. Challenges on the implementation of biological control in oil palm plantations are because of application and availability of biopesticides/natural enemies. Therefore, advances in research on the formulat

关键词： Entomopathogenic fungus biological control mixture formula Ganoderma VAM

An Attenuated Strain of Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus as a biological control Agent against Pathogenic Viral Strains

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2016年第5期7卷 724-732页

作者： Anna A. Slavokhotova Ekaterina A. Istomina Emma N. Andreeva Tatyana V. Korostyleva Vitalij A. Pukhalskij Alexander N. Shijan Tatyana I. Odintsova Vavilov Institute of General Genetics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow Russia

Cucumber green mottle mosaic virus (CGMMV), a member of the Tobamovirus genus, causes a severe disease of cucurbits. In the Moscow region of Russian Federation, the incidence of infection on cucumber plants in greenhouses is high;however, the virus is poorly studied. In this work, the full-length genomes of two pathogenic MC-1 and MC-2 strains of CGMMV isolated from cucumber plants grown in greenhouses in the Moscow region and the attenuated VIROG-43M strain were sequenced. Comparison of VIROG-43M nucleotide sequence with those of the pathogenic strains revealed three missense mutations. Their role in attenuation is discussed. For the first time, in a number of trials conducted under laboratory conditions and in commercial greenhouses, the efficiency of the attenuated VIROG-43M strain as a biocontrol agent for cucumber plant protection resulting in significant yield gain was demonstrated. Phylogenetic analysis with 83 full-length CGMMV coat protein genes isolated in 16 different countries showed that Russian strains are related to isolates from Spain, Greece, USA and Israel.

关键词： Cucumber Green Mottle Mosaic Virus Tobamovirus Attenuated Virus Strain Cross-Protection biological control

Effects of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on In Vitro Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Growth Parameters and biological control Mechanisms

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Advances in Microbiology 2016年第9期6卷 677-690页

作者： Benderradji Laid Kellou Kamel Ghadbane Mouloud Salmi Manel Saibi Walid Benmahammed Amar Bouzerzour Hamenna Brini Faiçal Faculty of Sciences Mohamed Boudiaf University M’sila Algeria Genetics Biochemistry and Plant Biotechnology Laboratory Constantine 1-University Constantine Algeria Faculty of Sciences FERHAT Abbes University Sétif Algeria Biotechnology and Plant Improvement Laboratory Centre of Biotechnology of Sfax/University of Sfax Sfax Tunisia

Three endemic plants rhizosphere (Astragalus gombo Coss. & Dur., Daucus sahariensis Murb., Ononis angustissima Lam.), were used for actinomycetes isolation. Ninety-three (93) isolates have been screened to evaluate their antagonistic properties against phytopathogenic microorganisms and to determine their biocontrol properties against Fusarium culmorum, especially responsible for several cereal diseases like font’s seedlings, rust, and burn of ears. Four (04) isolates (D2, D5, D8, and AST1) have been in vitro tested to determine PGPR effect and biocontrol characters of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), Hidhab (HD) variety cultivated in the Murashigue and Skoog (MS) culture medium. The aim of this study is the evaluation of antagonistic isolates of pathogenic fungi F. culmorum, without and within commercial fungicide (Tebuconazole, 60 g/l) solution. Our results showed clearly that these isolates have a significant effect on seed germination and seedling growth. However, results argue that these actinomycetes isolates show a very interesting activity compared to the commercial fungicide. As a result, these bacteria isolates can be used as biocontrol agents against Fusarium wilt disease of wheat, which have a beneficial effect on growth parameters.

关键词： Bread Wheat biological control Endemic Plants Fusarium culmorum PGPR