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Topical biological agents targeting cytokines for the treatment of dry eye disease

World Journal of Ophthalmology 2013年第2期3卷 16-19页

作者： Kyung Chul Yoon Department of Ophthalmology Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital

Because inflammation plays a key role in the pathogenesis of dry eye disease and Sjogren's syndrome, topical anti-inflammatory agents such as corticosteroids and cyclosporine A have been used to treat inflammation of the ocular surface and lacrimal gland. Systemic biological agents that target specific immune molecules or cells such as tumor necrosis factor(TNF)-α, interferone-α, interleukin(IL)-1, IL-6, or B cells have been used in an attempt to treat Sjogren's syndrome. However, the efficacy of systemic biological agents, other than B-cell targeting agents, has not yet been confirmed in Sjogren's syndrome. Several studies have recently evaluated the efficacy of topical administration of biological agents targeting cytokines in the treatment of dry eye disease. Topical blockade of IL-1 by using IL-1 receptor antagonist could ameliorate clinical signs and inflammation of experimental dry eye. Using a mouse model of desiccating stress-induced dry eye, we have demonstrated that topical application of a TNF-α blocking agent, infliximab, could improve tear production and ocular surface irregularity, decrease inflammatory cytokines and Th-1 CD4+ cells on the ocular surface, and increase gobletcell density in the conjunctiva. Although controversy still remains, the use of topical biological agents targeting inflammatory cytokines may be a promising therapy for human dry eye disease.

关键词： Dry eye disease Sjogren’s syndrome biological agent Tumor necrosis factor-α Interleukin-1 B cell Cytokine

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Control of Lymantria dispar L. by biological agents

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Journal of Forestry Research 2005年第2期16卷 158-160页

作者： ZHANGGuo-cai WANGYue-jie YANGXiao-guang ForestrycollegeofNortheastForestryUniversity Harbin150040P.R.China

The experiment on control of Lymantria dispar L by using different kinds ofbiological measures, including nuclear polyhedrosis virus (NPV) of Lymantria dispar L., BtMP-342,sex-attractant as well as botanical insecticide, was carried out in the forest regions of InnerMongolia in 2003. Two concentrations (2.632x10^6 PIB ? ml^(-1) and 2.632x10^7 PIB ?ml^(-1)) of Lymantria dispar L. NPV were sprayed on the 2rd-instar-larvae of L. dispar and 70% and77.8% control effect were obtained respectively. BtMP0-342 was applied to the 3rd- and 4th-instarlarvae and the control effect was around 80%. The sex-attractant provided by Canada Pacific ForestryResearch Center also showed a good result in trapping L. dispar adults. The self-produced botanicalinsecticide, which was extracted from a kind of poisonous plant distributed in Daxing'an Mountains,China, exhibited a good control result in controlling the larvae of L. dispar, and 82% mortalitywas observed when spraying primary liquid of the botanical insecticide on the 3rd-5th-instar-larvaein lab.

关键词： lymantria dispar L. biological agent biological control

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Chronic Refractory Idiopathic Urticaria

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2023年第11期11卷 13-22页

作者： Indira Acharya Ashik Pokharel Ashbina Pokharel Lanaya Williams Smith Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Union Memorial Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA Department of Internal Medicine William Beaumont Hospital Royal Oak Michigan USA Department of Internal Medicine MedStar Good Samaritan Hospital Baltimore Maryland USA

Background: Chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) is a complex medical condition characterized by substantial morbidity and a negative impact on one’s quality of life. There are several treatment approaches available, tailored to the severity of the condition, which can enhance overall quality of life. Aim: In this article, we outline a systematic approach to managing chronic urticaria, while also elucidating the available treatment strategies for cases that prove resistant to conventional therapies. To illustrate our points, we present a clinical case as a practical example. Case Presentation: Here, we present a patient with CSU since childhood who presented in the context of refractory hives and generalized arthralgia that responded well to omalizumab therapy with no further relapse. Conclusion: Omalizumab is a biological agent that offers a potential treatment option for CSU. It is available for individuals twelve years and older who have not responded well to conventional treatments. It has demonstrated good efficacy with a relatively low rate of clinically significant adverse effects. Nonetheless, there is a dearth of research regarding the optimal method for tapering the dosage and determining the duration of treatment.

关键词： Omalizumab biological agent Chronic Spontaneous Urticaria (CSU) Conventional Treatment Relapse

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Effects of Adalimumab Entering National Reimbursement on Medical Costs for Patients With Psoriasis:A 4-Year Single-Center Retrospective Study in China

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International Journal of Dermatology and Venereology 2024年第2期7卷 84-88页

作者： Yu Li Bo-Kun Zhu Qing-Sheng Min Mei Ju Min Li Department of Medical Affairs Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China Hospital Network Information Center Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China Department of Physiotherapy Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology for Skin Diseases and STIs Hospital for Skin Diseases(Institute of Dermatology)Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical CollegeNanjingJiangsu 210042China

Objective:Adalimumab(ADA)is expensive and rarely used among ***,its cost for moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis can now be reimbursed since its addition to the National Reimbursement Drug List(NRDL)in January ***,we conducted this study to estimate the medical cost of ADA and its influencing factors in patients with psoriasis using ADA and thus gain a better understanding of the effect of the NRDL adjustment in ***:This retrospective study evaluated the medical cost of ADA before and after the addition of ADA to the NRDL(2018—2022)among 320 patients in a large professional dermatology specialty *** analysis,Welch’s analysis of variance,and multiple regression analysis were used to evaluate the medical cost and influencing ***:Before ADA was added to the NRDL,patients’mean total cost and ADA cost were¥24,243.56±16,346.53 and¥20,391.11±14,440.69,*** ADA became covered by the NRDL,the above 2 expenses decreased to¥10,461.19±7,554.66 and¥8,775.27±7,092.16,*** significant decrease in the cost of ADA resulted in a significant 110.5-times increase in ADA *** significant differences were found in the total cost,patient type(outpatient/inpatient),insurance status(yes/no),reimbursement status(before/after),and *** insurance reimbursement(P<0.001,β=-0.468,before reimbursement=1,after reimbursement=2)was the most significant influencing factor,followed by patient type(P=0.018,β=-0.215,outpatient=1,inpatient=2)and age(P=0.0046,β=-0.174).Conclusion:Medical insurance reimbursement is the most important factor affecting patients’total cost of ADA by reducing the economic burden,enhancing the availability of ADA,and stimulating the need for treatment.

关键词： adalimumab biological agent psoriasis medical cost medical insurance

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Technique of Earthworms Restoring Soil in Greenhouse Cultivation

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Asian Agricultural Research 2024年第1期16卷 40-43页

作者： Yanjiao LI Jiafei SU Zhiu ZHANG Guang QI Jianhua CHEN Lixuan KOU Limin WANG Wenxian LIU Junyi ZHANG Libing QIU School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering Pingdingshan UniversityPingdingshan 467000China

The production environment of greenhouse cultivation is relatively closed,the multiple cropping index is high,the management of fertilizationwatering and pesticideapplication isblindtosomeextent,andthe phenomenonofcontinuous cropping isalsocommonSoilquali-ty affects the sustainable development of greenhouse *** is a ubiquitous invertebrate organism in soil,an important part of soil system,a link between terrestrial organisms and soil organisms,an important link in the small cycle of soil material organisms,and plays an important role in maintaining the structure and function of soil *** ecotypes of earthworms are closely related to their habi-tats(soil layers)and food resource preferences,and then affect their ecological *** principle of earthworm regulating soil function is essentially the close connection and interaction between earthworm and soil *** different ecotypes of earthworms and bio-logical agents to carry out combined remediation of greenhouse cultivation soil is a technical model to realize sustainable development of green-house cultivation.

关键词： Earthworms Greenhouse cultivation Soil remediation biological agent

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