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Susceptibility and tissue specificity of Spodoptera frugiperda to Junonia coenia densovirus

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2021年第3期20卷 840-849页

作者： CHEN Zu-wen YANG Yan-chao ZHANG Jian-feng JIN Ming-hui XIAO Yu-tao XIA Zhi-chao LIU Yuan-yuan YU Sai-zhen YANG Yong-bo WANG Yuan LI Yi LIU Kai-yu School of Life Sciences Central China Normal UniversityWuhan 430079P.R.China Agricultural Genomics Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesShenzhen 518120P.R.China Medical College Hubei University of Arts and ScienceXiangyang 441053P.R.China Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector Wuhan University of BioengineeringWuhan 430415P.R.China

The fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda,which destroys many economic crops such as rice and maize,has recently invaded *** viruses as biological control agents play important roles in killing *** potential viral insecticide is the environmentally highly infective and virulent *** successfully rescued Junonia coenia densovirus(JcDV)using its infectious clone in different insect cell lines and larvae of three insect *** showed that the lysate of cultured insect cells transfected by the JcDV infectious clone killed the 2 nd instar *** LD50 of homogenate from JcDV-infected Spodoptera litura to the 2 nd instar ***(1.76×10^(8)viral genome copies per larva during 10 d post infection)was higher than that of the 2 nd instar ***(7.39×10^(7)Jc DV genome copies)or Helicoverpa armigera larvae(9.71×10^(7)JcDV genome copies).The LT50 of the *** homogenate(2.60×10^(9)viral genome copies each larva)to the 2 nd instar *** was 6.96 d,longer than that of the ***(6.18 d)or the 2 nd instar ***(5.94 d).JcDV could infect the fat body of ***,but not *** or *** JcDV can infect all three lepidopteran species,their susceptibility to the virus *** has great potential as a biological control agent against pests such as ***.

关键词： Spodoptera frugiperda Junonia coenia densovirus rescue of virus susceptibility biological control

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Bacillus cereus X5 Enhanced Bio-Organic Fertilizers Effectively control Root-Knot Nematodes(Meloidogyne sp.)

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Pedosphere 2013年第2期23卷 160-168页

作者： XIAO Tong-Jian CHEN Fang GAO Chao ZHAO Qing-Yun SHEN Qi-Rong RAN Wei Jiangsu Provincial Key Lab for Solid Organic Waste Utilization Nanjing Agricultural University

The efficacy of Bacillus cereus X5 as a potential biological control agent against root-knot nematodes was evaluated in vitro by examining second-stage juvenile mortality and egg hatching rate under addition of culture filtrate and in planta by application of bio-organic fertilizers enhanced with B. cereus X5, B. thuringiensis BTG, or Trichoderma harzianum SQR-T037 alone or together in greenhouse and field experiments. The biofumigation of the root-knot nematode-infested soil with organic materials (chicken manure, pig manure and rice straw) alone or in combination with B. cereus X5 was also conducted in greenhouse experiments. In laboratory, the filtrate of B. cereus X5 more effectively reduced egg hatching rates during the incubation period for 14 d and more effectively killed the second-stage juvenile during the incubation period of 24 h than that of B. thuringiensis BTG. The highest dry shoot weights for greenhouse tomatoes and field muskmelons were found in both the treatment consisting of the bio-organic fertilizer enhanced with the three biocontrol agents and the treatment consisting of the bio-organic fertilizer enhanced only with B. cereus X5. The two bio-organic fertilizers achieved better nematicidal effects than those enhanced only with B. thuringiensis BTG or T. harzianum SQR-T037. B. cereus X5 also enhanced effect of biofumigation, which resulted in increased plant biomass and reduced nematode counts in the roots and rhizosphere soil. Therefore, these results suggested that biological control of root-knot nematodes both in greenhouses and fields could be effectively achieved by using B. cereus X5 and agricultural wastes.

关键词： biofumigation biological control culture filtrate muskmelon rhizosphere soil

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Increased nitrogen fertilization inhibits the biocontrol activity promoted by the intercropping partner plant

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Insect Science 2021年第4期28卷 1179-1190页

作者： Leyun Wang Hongying Cui Xinyue Chang Mengmeng Zhu Zihua Zhao Department of Entomology College of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina Institute of Plant Protection Ningxia Academy of Agricultural and Forestry SciencesYinchuanChina

The examination of the compatibility between agricultural practices and biocontrol activities is crucial for establishing an efficient,eco-friendly,and sustainable pest management *** this study,we examined the population dynamics of two specialist aphids,the English grain aphid(Sitobion avenae)on potted wheat and the pea aphid(Acyrthosiphon pisum)on potted alfalfa,as well as the biocontrol activity of a generalist predator,the harlequin ladybird beetle(Harmonia axyridis).We investigated their responses to the presence of the intercropping partner plant species(alfalfa and wheat,respectively)through plant volatiles or visual cues at three nitrogen fertilizer levels in a *** the absence of the predator,the English grain aphid population growth rate increased significantly with increasing nitrogen levels,whereas the pea aphid population increased significantly more slowly in response to high nitrogen *** English grain aphid and pea aphid population dynamics were unaffected by the presence of the intercropping ***,the presence of the intercropping partner enhanced the control of both aphid populations by the harlequin ladybird *** nitrogen fertilizer levels decreased the predation rates,which were otherwise increased by the intercropping *** beneficial effects of the intercropping partner were eventually non-existent at the highest nitrogen level *** results imply that the interaction between the presence of intercropping partner and the nitrogen fertilizer application affects the biocontrol activity of the natural enemies of insect ***,the compatibility between agricultural intensification and biocontrol strategies in integrated pest management programs need to be investigated.

关键词： Acyrthosiphon pisum biological control habitat Harmonia axyridis nitrogen fertilizer Sitobion avenae

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Effects of rhizobacteria Paenibacillus polymyxa APEC136 and Bacillus subtilis APEC170 on biocontrol of postharvest pathogens of apple fruits

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2016年第12期17卷 931-940页

作者： Young Soo KIM Kotnala BALARAJU Yongho JEON Department of Bioresource Sciences Andong National University Andong 36729 Korea Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute Andong 36729 Korea

In this study, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria（PGPR） were evaluated as potential biocontrol agents against postharvest pathogens of apple fruits. In vitro bioassays revealed that, out of 30 isolates screened, isolates APEC136 and APEC170 had the most significant inhibitory effects against the mycelial growth of several fungal pathogens. Analysis of 16 S ribosomal RNA（rR NA） sequences identified the two effective isolates as Paenibacillus polymyxa and Bacillus subtilis, respectively. The two strains showed greater growth in brain-heart infusion broth than in other growth media. Treatment of harvested apples with suspensions of either strain reduced the symptoms of anthracnose disease caused by two fungal pathogens, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides and Colletotrichum acutatum, and white rot disease caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea. Increased productions of amylase and protease by APEC136, and increased productions of chitinase, amylase, and protease by APEC170 might have been responsible for inhibiting mycelial growth. The isolates caused a greater reduction in the growth of white rot than of anthracnose. These results indicate that the isolates APEC136 and APEC170 are promising agents for the biocontrol of anthracnose and white rot diseases in apples after harvest, and suggest that these isolates may be useful in controlling these diseases under field conditions.

关键词： Anthracnose Antagonistic activity biological control White rot Apple

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Offspring diet supersedes the transgenerational effects of parental diet in a specialist herbivore Neolema abbreviata under manipulated foliar nitrogen variability

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Insect Science 2020年第2期27卷 361-374页

作者： Abongile Mbande Michelle Tedder Frank Chidawanyika Weeds Division Plant Protection Research InstituteAgricultural Research CouncilHiltonSouth Africa School o f Life Sciences University of KwaZulu-NatalScottsvillePietermaritzburgSouth Africa Department of Zoology and Entomology University of the Free StateP.O.Box 339Bloemfontein 9300South Africa

Diet quality influences organismal fitness within and across *** herbivorous insects,the transgenerational effecets of diet remain relatively ***3×3×2 factorial experiment,we evaluated how N enrichment in parental diets of Neolemd abbreviata(Larcordaire)(C oleoptera:Chrysomelidae),a biological control agent for Tradescantia fluminensis Vell.(Commelinaceae),may influence life history and performance of Fi and F2 offspring under reciprocal *** found limited transgenerational effects of foliar nitrogen variability among life-history traits in both larvae and *** weight gain and mortality were responsive to parental diet contrary to feeding damage,pupal weight and duration taken to *** were significant parental diet x test interactions in larval feeding damage,weight gain,pupal weight and time to ***,offspring from parents under high N plants performed better even under low N test *** traits including oviposition selection,feeding weight and longevity did not respond to the efects of parental diet nor its interaction with test diet as was the case in the larval ***,the main efects of test diet were more important in determining adult performance in both generations suggesting limited sensitivity to parental diet in the adult *** results show conflicting responses to parental diet between larvae and adults ofthe same generation among an insec species with both actively feeding larual and adult life stagee These tranegeneratinonal efferte,or lack thereof,may have implications on the field performance of *** under heterogencous nutritional landscapes.

关键词： biological control environmental matching hypothesis fitness costs host-plant quality parental effects transgenerational effects

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Frequent Applications of Organic Matter to Agricultural Soil Increase Fungistasis

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Pedosphere 2017年第1期27卷 86-95页

作者： Giuliano BONANOMI Salvatore A. GAGLIONE Gaspare CESARANO Tushar C. SARKER Marica PASCALE Felice SCALA Astolfo ZOINA Dipartimento di Agraria Universita di Napoli Federico II via Universit& 100 80055 Portici (Italy) CNR-Istituto per la Protezione Sostenibile delle Piante via Universiffz 133 80055 Portici (Italy)

Soil-borne plant pathogens are among the most important limiting factors for the productivity of agro-ecosystems. Fungistasis is the natural capability of soils to inhibit the germination and growth of soil-borne fungi in the presence of optimal abiotic conditions. The objective of this study was to assess the effects of different soil managements, in terms of soil amendment types and frequency of application, on fungistasis. For this purpose, a microcosm experiment was performed by conditioning a soil with frequent applications of organic matter with contrasting biochemical quality （i. e., glucose, alfalfa straw and wheat straw）. Thereafter, the fungistasis response was assessed on four fungi （Aspergillus niger, Botrytis cinerea, Pyrenoehaeta lycopersici and Trichoderma harzianum）. Conditioned soils were characterized by measuring microbial activity （soil respiration） and functional diversity using the BIOLOG EcoPlatesTM method. Results showed that irrespective of the fungal species and amendment types, frequent applications of organic matter reduced fungistasis relief and shortened the time required for fungistasis restoration. The frequent addition of easily decomposable organic compounds enhanced soil respiration and its specific catabolic capabilities. This study demonstrated that frequent applications of organic matter affected soil fungistasis likely as a result of higher microbial activity and functional diversity.

关键词： biological control disease suppression microbial activity microbial functional diversity organic C soil-borne pathogens

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Comparison of cauliflower-insect-fungus interactions and pesticides for cabbage root fly control

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Insect Science 2017年第6期24卷 1057-1064页

作者： Jaka Razinger Metka Zerjav Meta Zemljic-Urbancic Spela Modic Matthias Lutz Hans-Josef Schroers Jurg Grunder Simon Fellous Gregor Urek Agricultural Institute of Slovenia Plant Protection Department Ljubljana Slovenia Agroscope Institut for Pflanzenbauwissenschaften Waedenswil Switzerland Zurich University of Applied Sciences School of Life Sciences and Facility Management Campus Grueental Waedenswil Switzerland INRA Center for the Biology and Management of Populations (CBGP) UMR Montpellier France

Cabbage root fly （Delia radicum L.） control represents a major challenge in brassica production, therefore different management strategies for its control were tested in conventionally managed open field cauliflower production. Strategies included treatments with low-risk methods such as nitrogen lime, the insecticide spinosad and the Beauveria bassiana ATCC 74040-based biopesticide Naturalis. Their effects were compared with treatments based on nonformulated fungal species Metarhizium brunneum, B. bassiana, Clonostachys solani, Trichoderma atroviride, T. koningiopsis, and T. gamsii and commercial insecticides λ-cyhalothrin and thiamethoxam. Spinosad and thiamethoxam were pipetted to individual plants before transplanting; λ-cyhalothrin was sprayed after transplanting; nitrogen lime was applied at first hoeing. Nonformulated fimgi were delivered onto cauliflower plantlets＇ roots as a single pretransplantation inoculation. The cabbage root fly population dynamics exhibited a strong spatiotemporal variation. The lowest number of cabbage root fly pupae recovered from cauliflower roots in the field experiments was recorded in plants treated with spinosad （significant reduction）, followed by Naturalis and one of the tested M. brunneurn strains （nonsignificant reduction）. Significantly more pupae were counted in the nitrogen lime treatment. The field experiments showed that a single drench of cauliflower plantlets with spinosad offered consistent and enduring cabbage root fly control. Naturalis and nonformulated fungal isolates did not decrease cabbage root fly pressure significantly, apparently due to lack of statistical power. The implications of the substantial intra- and inter-annual pest pressure variation and the benefits of using single plant treatments are discussed, and recommendations for improvement of rhizosphere-competence utilizing biological control strategies provided.

关键词： biological control cabbage maggot Delia radicum entomopathogenic fungi plant-insect-microbe interactions rhizosphere competence

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Sub-lethal effects of Beauveria bassiana(Balsamo) on field populations of the potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第4期17卷 911-918页

作者： YUAN Hui-guo WU Sheng-yong LEI Zhong-ren Silvia I.Rondon GAO Yu-lin State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant Protection Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Department of Crop and Soil Sciences Hermiston Agricultural Research and Extension Center Oregon State University

The potato tuberworm Phthorimaea operculella Zeller, is one of the most important potato pests worldwide including China. Several reports indicate that P. operculella could be controlled biologically by the use of beneficial fungus such as Beauveria bassiana(Bals.-Criv) Vuill. However, limited information is available under growing conditions in China. Thus, this study evaluated the sub-lethal effects of B. bassiana on the offspring of P. operculella by the age-stage, two-sex life table. First instar larva of P. operculella were treated with 1×107 conidia m L–1 of the fungus, and several biological parameters were evaluated. The fecundity, duration of the egg stage, all larval stages, pre-adult stage, and total pre-oviposition period, were significantly shorter than the control treatment. Offspring of treated parents, presented a net reproductive rate and mean generation time of 17.43 per day and 24.98 days, respectively, compared to 65.79 per day and 26.51 days for the untreated ones. This study provides basic information to help understanding the potential long-term effects of entomopathogenic fungi on P. operculella.

关键词： potato tubermoth sub-lethal effects biological control management

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Eggs of Ephestia kuehniella and Ceratitis capitata, and motile stages of the astigmatid mites Tyrophagus putrescentiae and Carpoglyphus lactis as factitious foods for Orius spp.

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Insect Science 2017年第4期24卷 613-622页

作者： Jochem Bonte Anais Van de Walle Des Conlong Patrick De Clercq Laboratory of Agrozoology Department of Crop Protection Ghent University Coupure Links 653 B-9000 Ghent Belgium South African Sugarcane Research Institute Private Bag X02 Mount Edgecombe 4300 South Africa School of biological and Conservation Sciences University of KwaZulu-Natal Private Bag X01 Scottsville Pietermaritzburg 3209 KwaZulu-Natal South Africa

Several factitious foods were assessed for rearing the anthocorid predators Orius thripoborus （Hesse） and Orius naivashae （Poppius）（Hemiptera： Anthocoridae） in the laboratory. Developmental and reproductive traits of both Orius species were examined when offered frozen eggs of the Mediterranean flour moth, Ephestia kuehniella Zeller, frozen processed eggs of the medfly, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, or mixed motile stages of the astigmatid mites Tyrophagusputrescentiae （Schrank） or Carpoglyphus lactis （L）. Whereas C. lactis and T. putresecentiae proved to be an inferior food for rearing O. thripoborus and O. naivashae, eggs of C. capitata fully supported development and reproduction of both predators. Results on medfly eggs were similar or slightly inferior to those on E. kuehniella eggs, which is the standard food for culturing these anthocorid bugs. O. thripoborus could be maintained for 4 consecutive generations on C. capitata eggs indicating that processed medfly eggs can be a suitable and cheaper alternative to E. kuehniella eggs for prolonged rearing of these Orius spp.

关键词： Anthocoridae biological control Ceratitis capitata factitious foods massrearing Orius spp.

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Influence of light and habitat on predation of Culex quinquefasciatus （Diptera： Culicidae）larvae by the waterbugs （Hemiptera： Heteroptera）

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Insect Science 2008年第5期15卷 461-469页

作者： Nabaneeta Saha Gautam Aditya Animesh Bal Goutam K. Saha Department of Zoology University of Calcutta Zoological Survey of India Kolkata Department of Zoology The University of Burdwan Golapbag Burdwan India

The influence of light and habitat structure on the predation of Culex quinquefasciatus larvae by the common heteropteran water bug, Diplonychus （= Sphaerodema） annulatus, D. rusticus and Anisops bouvieri was assessed in the laboratory. It was revealed that water bugs predate more in presence of light than in dark conditions. While A. bouvieri consumed more prey in structured conditions, D. annulatus and D. rusticus consumed more prey in open conditions. The selection of prey size as well as the respective numbers varied between predators and treatments significantly. Prey vulnerability （PV）, an indicator of predatory efficiency, was highest for D. annulatus, moderate for D. rusticus and low for A. bouvieri. Prey consumption and PV values under different treatment conditions indicate that for belostomatid water bugs D. annulatus and D. rusticus, the order of prey consumption under different habitat and light/dark combinations is light open 〉 dark open 〉 light vegetated 〉 dark vegetated. In the case of the backswimmer, A. bouvieri, the order of prey consumption appeared to be light structured 〉 dark structured 〉 light open 〉 dark open. These findings were consistent with resource-partitioning by water bug species sharing the same guild. If the observed results are extended to natural settings the efficiency of these predators in controlling mosquito populations will vary with the structural complexity of habitats and the intensity of light.

关键词： Belostomatidae biological control Culex quinquefasciatus larva Notonectidae predation

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