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Humidity and seasonality drives body size patterns in males of the bush cricket Isophya rizeensis sevgili, 2003 （Orthoptera： Tettigoniidae： Phaneropterinae）

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Insect science 2014年第2期21卷 213-226页

作者： selim s. Cagasan Cagasan Karacaoglu A. Cem Kuyucu ismail K. saelam Department of Biology Ecological Sciences Research Laboratories Faculty of Science Hacettepe University Beytepe 06800 Ankara Turkey

Two primary patterns of body size variation have been recorded in ectotherms in relation to latitudinal/altitudinal shifts. In some, body size increases with increasing latitude/altitude whereas, in others, body size decreases with increasing latitude/altitude. This clinal variation is generally assumed to be caused by local adaptation to environmental conditions however the selective variable（s）（temperature, humidity, diet quality, etc.） is still heavily debated. Here we investigate geographic variation in body size of dark and pale color morphs of males of the bush-cricket lsophya rizeensis collected from 15 locations along an elevation gradient ranging from 350 to 2 500 m. Using an information theoretical approach we evaluate the relative support of four different hypotheses （the temperature size rule, the moisture gradient hypothesis, the seasonal constraint hypothesis, and the primary productivity hypothesis） explaining body size variation along the altitudinal gradient. Body size variation in pale color morphs showed a curvilinear relationship with altitude while dark color morphs showed no variation in body size. Body size variation in pale color morphs was highly correlated with precipitation and temperature seasonality values thus giving strong support for the moisture gradient and seasonal constraint hypothesis. Our results reinforce the importance of gradients in humidity and seasonality over temperature in the creation of altitudinal body size clines and the role of selection for resistance to stress factors in the establishment of these clines. Whether a body size cline is observed or not might also depend on the phenotypic properties of the individuals, like coloration.

关键词： altitude bergmann＇s rule converse bergmann＇s rule Flrtlna Valley,information-theoretic temperature size rule

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Variation and sexual Dimorphism of Body size in the Plateau Brown Frog along an Altitudinal Gradient

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Asian Herpetological Research 2015年第4期6卷 291-297页

作者： Xueyun FENG Wei CHEN Junhua HU Jianping JIANG Chengdu Institute of Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of sciences Ecological security and Protection Key Laboratory of sichuan Province Mianyang Normal University

Variation in body size and sexual size dimorphism（ssD） can have important consequences for animal ecology, behavior, population dynamics and the evolution of life-history traits. Organisms are expected to be larger in colder climate（i.e., bergmann＇s rule） and ssD varies with body size（i.e., Rensch＇s rule）. However, the underlying mechanisms are still elusive. The plateau brown frog（Rana kukunoris）, a medium-sized anuran species with femalebiased ssD, is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau（QTP）. From 1797 m（Maoxiang＇ping） to 3453 m（Heihe＇qiao） in the eastern margin of the QTP, we surveyed 10 populations of R. kukunoris and collected phalanges and snout vent length（sVL） data for 258 adult individuals（199 males versus 59 females）. Based on these data, we explored how body size and ssD varying along the altitudinal gradient and examined the corresponding effects of temperature. We found body size to be larger at higher altitude for males but not for females, with likely effects from the temperature on the variation in male body size. sex differences in growth rates may be the main cause of the variation in ssD. Our results suggested that only males follow the bergmann＇s rule and variation in ssD of R. kukunoris do not support the Rensch＇s rule and its inverse. Therefore, the variations of body size can be different between sexes and the applicability of both bergmann＇s rule and Rensch＇s rule should depend on species and environment where they live.

关键词： Altitudinal gradient bergmann＇s rule body size variation Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Rana kukunoris,Rensch＇s rule sexual size dimorphism

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