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Creativity and innovation:A contribution of behavioral economics

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International Journal of Innovation Studies 2019年第1期3卷 12-21页

作者： Jose Chavaglia Neto Jose Antonio Filipe Antonio Bento Caleiro Fundacao Getulio Vargas(EESP-FGV) Itapeva StreetSao Paulo01332-000Brazil Instituto Universitario de Lisboa(ISCTE-IUL) Information SciencesTechnologies and Architecture Research Center(ISTAR-IUL)Business Research Unit-IUL(BRU-IUL)Lisbon1649-026Portugal Departamento de Economia Universidade de EvoraLargo Dos Colegiais2Evora7002-554Portugal

Innovation in products and services is seen by scholars,by specialized media in management,and by some managers as the main currency in modern economies.This is because it allows high average market profits,fame for innovators,or brand growth,for example.However,in practice,most managers still treat innovation as a secondary issue on their agendas.This problem results from the inability of market professionals to analyze people inside and outside their companies.It is not possible to develop innovative products in a systematic way without treating this point effectively.Moreover,in this process,creativity is a necessary,but not necessarily sufficient,condition to be fulfilled and requires behavioral transformation.In this context,it is believed that behavioral economics can make a sufficient contribution in the form of an analytical marketing tool by offering an analysis closer to human beings'reality,and,thus,allow a better understanding of people's behavior in the process of innovation in the market.

关键词： behavioral economics Neuroeconomics Innovation Creativity

Literature Review of the Causes of the Vulnerability of Poverty in Traditional economics and behavioral economics

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Literature Review of the Causes of the Vulnerability of Pove...

The Myopia Cognition Bias and the Impulse of Financial Fraud——the Analysis of that Accountant Intermediary Get Involved in Financial Fraud from the Point of behavioral economics

作者： Zhanbing Huang Fangyuan Gao International Business School of Shaanxi Normal University

Our country is at a critical period of poverty alleviation. Anti-poverty efforts in many areas have achieved remarkable results, but there are still phenomena of returning to poverty after poverty alleviation in some places. This article sorts out the economic research on returning to poverty by scholars at home and abroad. From the perspective of poverty vulnerability, it first sorts out traditional economics research, then sorts out emerging behavioral economics research, and finally summarizes traditional economics and behavioral economics. Considering the understanding of preventing poverty return, this thesis can be used as a reference for a comprehensive understanding of the formation and prevention mechanism of rural poverty return in China.

关键词： Return to poverty Traditional economics behavioral economics Phishing for phools

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The Myopia Cognition Bias and the Impulse of Financial Fraud...

Application of behavioral economics in the Mutual Selecting between the Post Graduate Student and the Tutor

第七届全球制造与中国国际研讨会

作者： Ye Dezhu Li Hao Miao Wenjuan School of economics Jinan University

The accountant intermediary need compare the benefit by fraud action with the punishment which may happen in future when it determine whether to disclose the false information. The model of inconsistent time preference theory of behavioral economics shows that it will exist that deviation of misconduct against the original intention in practice for the excessive emphasis on short-term gains and the underestimation of future costs, although the actor can develop a rational long-term planning, when they have the myopia cognition bias. The model can explain the formation mechanism of the continuing fraud logically about the accountant intermediary with the good original intention. The anti-bias design contrary to myopia cognition bias can broaden the thoughts of the securities supervision.

关键词： Myopia Fraud in account Sarbanes—Oxley law Lock control behavioral economics

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Application of Behavioral Economics in the Mutual Selecting ...

Optimal Contract for the Principal-Agent Under Knightian Uncertainty

2010 2nd IEEE International Conference on Advanced Management Science（IEEE ICAMS 2010）

作者： Gao Yong-sheng Electrostatic & Electromagnetic Protection Institute Mechanical Engineering College Shijiazhuang HeBei China Wu Sha Art Design Department He Bei University of science and technology Shijiazhuang HeBei ChinaXie Wen-qiang Electrostatic & Electromagnetic Protection Institute Mechanical Engineering College Shijiazhuang HeBei China

From graduate student’s own angle,the article utilizes the basic principle of behavioral economics to analyze graduate student and tutor’s "irrational" cognitive behaviors and the inherent mechanism of its producing existing in the process of "mutual selecting",and then offer a new method for improving the graduate student’s training and management level.

关键词： behavioral economics irrational mutual selecting

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Journal of the Operations Research Society of China 2020年第4期8卷 637-654页

作者： Kun-Lun Wang Chen Fei Wei-Yin Fei Department of Financial Engineering Anhui Polytechnic UniversityWuhu 241000AnhuiChina Glorious Sun School of Business and Management Donghua UniversityShanghai 200051China

Under the Knightian uncertainty,this paper constructs the optimal principal(he)-agent(she)contract model based on the principal’s expected profit and the agent’s expected utility function by using the sublinear expectation theory.The output process in the model is provided by the agent’s continuous efforts and the principal cannot directly observe the agent’s efforts.In the process of work,risk-averse agent will have the opportunity to make external choices.In order to promote the agent’s continuous efforts,the principal will continuously provide the agents with consumption according to the observable output process after the probation period.In this paper,the Hamilton–Jacobi–Bellman equation is deduced by using the optimality principle under sublinear expectation while the smoothness viscosity condition of the principal-agent optimal contract is given.Moreover,the continuation value of the agent is taken as the state variable to characterize the optimal expected profit of the principal,the agent’s effort and the consumption level under different degrees of Knightian uncertainty.Finally,the behavioral economics is used to analyze the simulation results.The research findings are that the increasing Knightian uncertainty incurs the decline of the principal’s maximum profit;within the probation period,the increasing Knightian uncertainty leads to the shortening of probation period and makes the agent give higher effort when she faces the outside option;what’s more,after the smooth completion of the probation period for the agent,the agent’s consumption level will rise and her effort level will drop as Knightian uncertainty increasing.

关键词： Knightian uncertainty Principal-agent Sublinear expectation HJB equation behavioral economics

The Impact of Behavioural Insights on Effective Prescription of Antibiotics by Doctors: A Case Study from Latifa Hospital for Women and Children, Dubai Health Authority

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Health 2023年第6期15卷 517-524页

作者： Muna A. Tahlak Atif B. Fazari Fareeda Khan Raid Abukaf Lyla G. Zadeh Alawi Alsheikh Abdulaziz Istaitieh Latifa Hospital for Women and Children Dubai Health Authority Dubai UAE Mohamed Bin Rashid University Dubai UAE Mohammed Bin Rashid School of Government Dubai UAE

Introduction: Wise prescription of antibiotics is an ethical duty of physicians in view of rising antimicrobial resistance in the community, it should be balanced between the health requirements of the patients and resulting long-term antibiotics resistance. Overuse of antimicrobials is a major cause of emerging resistance to antimicrobials. There are multiple factors in the community that influence the physician’s antibiotic prescriptions. Methods: This is a systematic case-control study on antibiotics prescription for paediatric patients attending Latifa Hospital for Women and Children (LWCH), Dubai Health Authority, to know the effects of behavioral interventions on rates of inappropriate antimicrobials prescription by doctors in the Paediatric Emergency Department. Results: The results of our study showed the effectiveness of behavioral insights by peer comparison in antibiotic use among paediatricians in Latifa Hospital had a statistical significance (P = 0.0038). The rate of the prescription decreased from 41% to 21%, a difference of 20%. Conclusion: The study concluded behavioural intervention is an effective measure in reducing the improper prescription of antibiotics in the hospital setting.

关键词： Behavioural Intervention Antibiotics Prescription behavioral economics Health economics Behavioural Insight

Past Experiences,Personality Traits,and Risk Aversion:Evidence from Individual Risk Attitudes during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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Frontiers of economics in China-Selected Publications from Chinese Universities 2020年第4期15卷 575-625页

作者： Yun Wang Mingyang Yan School of economics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing 100872China The Wang Yanan Institute for Studies in economics Xiamen UniversityXiamen 361005China

Individuals’risk attitudes play an important role in economic decision making and policy evaluation,particularly in the midst of unprecedented uncertainty caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.We adopt a multiple-price-list elicitation method with real money incentives to measure precisely individuals’risk attitudes at different stake levels and the extent to which they are affected by personal and social shocks following the COVID-19 outbreak in China.We find that subjects who had previously experienced negative personal shocks are more risk-averse at medium and large stakes but more risk loving at very small stakes.For our sample,COVID-19 has no significant impact on risk attitudes,as it is more likely to be regarded as a social shock.The result indicates that the impact of COVID-19 on individual risk attitudes is not as influential as expected,unless the individual’s personal life is affected directly.

关键词： risk attitude risk instability behavioral economics negative shock COVID-19 pandemic

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行为经济学视角下终身学习困境的破解路径

成人教育学刊

成人教育学刊 2022年第7期

作者：李烨刘云波刘奎

终身学习强调持续性的学习过程，对于提高人口素质以适应经济社会高质量发展具有重要意义。然而，个体在终身学习中常表现出学习行动滞后于实际需求的现象，这一现实层面的终身学习困境制约了其成效的发挥。从行为经济学视角来看，终身... 详细信息

终身学习强调持续性的学习过程，对于提高人口素质以适应经济社会高质量发展具有重要意义。然而，个体在终身学习中常表现出学习行动滞后于实际需求的现象，这一现实层面的终身学习困境制约了其成效的发挥。从行为经济学视角来看，终身学习需求与实际行动不一致的原因在于学习者存在短视认知偏差，这使其更看重学习的短期收益与成本的对比，而对长期效用考虑较少。因此，为破解终身学习困境，可通过降低相对学习成本来提升学习的主动性，提升社会成员的受教育水平和信息技术素养以纠正和调节短视认知偏差，并采取锁定机制对短视认知偏差进行约束。基于中国综合社会调查数据的实证分析结果表明上述路径切实有效。未来，应当注重多元主体参与以丰富终身学习资源供给和降低学习成本，构建高质量的教育体系以提升社会成员的学校教育水平和信息技术素养，强化“技能—工作”匹配以纠正终身学习中的短视认知偏差。

关键词：终身学习行为经济学短视认知偏差信息技术素养 lifelong learning behavioral economics cognitive bias of myopia Information technology literacy

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拉动居民消费的行为经济学分析