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The community structure and microbial linkage of rumen protozoa and methanogens in response to the addition of tea seed saponins in the diet of beef cattle

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2021年第1期12卷 272-281页

作者： Cui Tan Carlos A.Ramírez-Restrepo Ali Mujtaba Shah Rui Hu Matt Bell Zhisheng Wang Chris McSweeney Institute of Animal Nutrition Sichuan Agricultural UniversityChengdu 611130SichuanChina Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation CSIRO Agriculture and FoodAustralian Tropical Sciences and Innovation PrecinctJames Cook UniversityTownsville QLD 4811Australia Present address:CR Eco-efficient Agriculture Consultancy(CREAC) 46 Bilbao PlaceBushland Beach QLD 4818Australia Department of Livestock Production Shaheed Benazir Bhutto University of Veterinary and Animal SciencesSakrandSindh 67210Pakistan “Low Carbon Breeding Cattle and Safety Production” University Key Laboratory of Sichuan ProvinceYa’an 625014SichuanChina School of Biosciences University of NottinghamSutton BoningtonLoughborough LE125RDUK CSIRO Agriculture Queensland BioScience PrecinctSt LuciaBrisbane QLD 4067Australia.

Background: This study investigated changes in rumen protozoal and methanogenic communities, along with the correlations among microbial taxa and methane(CH_4) production of six Belmont Red Composite beef steers fed tea seed saponins(TSS). Animals were fed in three consecutive feeding periods, a high-grain basal diet for 14 d(BD period) then a period of progressive addition of TSS to the basal diet up to 30 g/d for 20 d(TSS period), followed by the basal diet for 13 d without TSS(BDP post-control period).Results: The study found that TSS supplementation decreased the amount of the protozoal genus Entodinium and increased Polyplastron and Eudiplodinium genera. During BDP period, the protozoa community of steers did not return to the protozoal profiles observed in BD period, with higher proportions of Metadinium and Eudiplodinium and lower Isotricha. The addition of TSS was found to change the structure of methanogen community at the subgenus level by decreasing the abundance of methanogens in the SGMT clade and increasing the abundance of methanogens in the RO clade. The correlation analysis indicated that the abundance of SGMT clade methanogens were positively correlated with Isotricha, and Isotricha genus and SGMT clade methanogens were positively correlated with CH_4 production. While RO clade were positively correlated with the proportion of Metadinium genus, which was negatively correlated with CH_4 emission.Conclusions: These results suggest that different genera of rumen protozoa ciliates appear to be selectively inhibited by TSS, and the change in methanogen community at the subgenus level may be due to the mutualistic relationships between methanogens and rumen ciliates.

关键词： beef steers Methane Methanogen Protozoa Tea seed saponin

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Impact of Chromium Propionate Supplementation and Days of Adaptation on Energy Status in Newly Weaned Steer Calves^*

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 409-420页

作者： Zachary Kidd Foster Smith Department of Animal Science South Dakota State University Brookings USA

The objective of this research was to evaluate the influences that supplemental dietary chromium propionate (CrP;0 or 0.4 mg·kg-1 added to the total diet on a DM basis) has on plasma indicators of energy status in newly weaned steers upon introduction to the feedlot. For this experiment single source, Angus steers (n = 28;BW = 289 ± 12.0 kg) from a ranch in Western South Dakota were weaned and immediately shipped 579 km to the Ruminant Nutrition Center (RNC) in Brookings, SD. steers were allotted to one of four 7.6 m × 7.6 m pens (2 pens/diet;7 steers/pen) at 4 d post-arrival to the RNC and test diets were initiated. No anabolic implant was used in this study. Subsequent BW measurements were obtained at 1400 h, to accommodate a post-prandial timing for blood sampling. This was 4 h after initial access to feed, and immediately prior to the afternoon feed delivery. Weights and blood sampling occurred on d 5, 12, 19, and 33. Whole blood samples were collected from all steers via jugular venipuncture and separated as plasma. There were no diet x day interactions (P ≥ 0.51) for plasma glucose, insulin, or urea-N. Plasma glucose, insulin, and urea-n levels were similar between diets (P ≥ 0.35). Plasma glucose and urea-n levels were not different across days (P ≥ 0.59). Insulin levels differed as a result of days of adaptation and were greatest (P = 0.01) on d 12 regardless of diet. There tended (P = 0.12) to be a diet x day interaction for NEFA levels. Plasma NEFA levels tended to be lower (P = 0.13) for calves fed CrP on d 5, and were greater (P = 0.09) on d 12 in calves fed CrP. The shift in NEFA on d 12 coincided with the spike in insulin levels. Both events occurred at the time that NEg intake was approaching the acclimated plateau and neither event impacted glucose status. In non-ruminants, elevated insulin concentrations decrease circulating NEFA levels. We detected minimal differences in regard to plasma indicators of lipid metabolism in this study due to chromium supplementation. These dat

关键词： beef steers Chromium Feedlot Adaptation Insulin Newly Weaned

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