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Contributions of shortwave radiation to the formation of temperature inversions in the bay of bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean:A modeling approach

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2022年第9期41卷 19-37页

作者： K M Azam Chowdhury Wensheng Jiang Changwei Bian Guimei Liu Md Kawser Ahmed Shaila Akhter College of Oceanic and Atmospheric Sciences Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Department of Oceanography&International Centre for Ocean Governance(ICOG) University of DhakaDhaka1000Bangladesh National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing100081China Key Lab of Marine Environment and Ecology of Ministry of Education Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Frontiers Science Center for Deep Ocean Multispheres and Earth System(FDOMES) Ocean University of ChinaQingdao266100China Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao) Qingdao266237China Bangladesh Betar Ministry of Information and BroadcastingGovernment of the People’s Republic of BangladeshDhaka1207Bangladesh

Variations in incoming shortwave radiation influence the net surface heat flux,contributing to the formation of a temperature *** effects of shortwave radiation on the temperature inversions in the bay of bengal and eastern equatorial Indian Ocean have never been ***,a high-resolution(horizontal resolution of 0.07°×0.07° with 50 vertical layers) Regional Ocean Modeling System(ROMS) model is utilized to quantify the contributions of shortwave radiation to the temperature inversions in the study *** of the mixed layer heat and salt budgets are performed,and different model simulations are *** model results suggest that a 30% change in shortwave radiation can change approximately 3% of the temperature inversion area in the bay of *** shortwave radiation reduces the net surface heat flux and cools the mixed layer substantially;it also reduces the evaporation rate,causing less evaporative water vapor losses from the ocean than the typical situation,and ultimately enhances haline ***,the rudimentary outcome of this research is that a decrease in shortwave radiation produces more temperature inversion in the study region,which is primarily driven by the net surface cooling and supported by the intensive haline ***,low shortwave radiation eventually intensifies the temperature inversion layer by thickening the barrier *** study could be an important reference for predicting how the Indian Ocean climate will respond to future changes in shortwave radiation.

关键词： mixed layer cooling haline stratification temperature inversion ROMS model shortwave radiation bay of bengal eastern equatorial Indian Ocean

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Can the tropical storms originated from the bay of bengal impact the precipitation and soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau?

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Science China Earth Sciences 2015年第5期58卷 915-928页

作者： XIAO ZhiXiang DUAN AnMin State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences College of Earth Science University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology

This study investigates the impacts of tropical storms originated from the bay of bengal(BOBTSs) on the precipitation and soil moisture over the Tibetan Plateau(TP) in April–June(AMJ) and September–December(SOND) during 1981–2011 based on the best track dataset provided by Joint Typhoon Warning Centre(JTWC). Results indicate that there are about 1.35 BOBTSs influence the TP in each year and most of them occurred in May and October, and the BOBTSs in AMJ influence the TP with larger extension and higher latitudes than those in SOND. The maximum regional precipitation induced by the BOBTSs accounts for more than 50% for the total precipitation in the corresponding month and about 20% for the season. Further analysis reveals that the surface soil moisture anomalies induced by the BOBTSs can persist only 20–25 days in AMJ, and the case is also true for the snow depth in SOND. Numerical simulations by using the regional climate model of Weather Research and Forecasting(WRF) suggest that the soil moisture anomalies in the sub-surface can last 2 months whereas for the surface it can persist only about 20 days, which agrees well with the observation analysis. Overall, the effect of the preceding BOBTSs on the snow depth and soil moisture anomalies over the TP cannot maintain to summer, and there is no robust connection between the BOBTSs and summer precipitation anomalies in East China. Moreover, since the mid-1990 s, the spring rainfall induced by the BOBTSs over the TP seems to be enhanced to a certain degree because of the intensified BOBTSs.

关键词： tropical storms bay of bengal the Tibetan Plateau soil moisture snow depth WRF

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Distribution and generic composition of culturable marine actinomycetes from the sediments of Indian continental slope of bay of bengal

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2008年第2期26卷 166-177页

作者： Surajit DAS P. S. LYLA S. AJMAL KHAN Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Annamalai University Parangipettai-608 502 Tamil Nadu India

Actinomycetes population from continental slope sediment of the bay of bengal was studied. Samples were collected during two voyages of FORV Sagar Sampada in 2004 （May-June） and 2005 （July） respectively from 11 transects （each transect had ca. 200 m, 500 m, and 1 000 m depth stations）. The physicochemical parameters of overlying water, and sediment samples were also recorded. The actinomycete population ranged from 5.17 to 51.94 CFU/g dry sediment weight and 9.38 to 45.22 CFU/g dry sediment weight during the two cruises respectively. No actinomycete colony was isolated from stations in 1 000 m depth. Two-way analysis of variance showed significant variation among stations （ANOVA two-way, P〈0.05）, but no significance was found between the two cruises （ANOVA two-way, P〈0.05）. Populations in stations in 500 m depth in both cruises were higher than that of 200 m depth stations with statistically insignificant difference （ANOVA two-way, P〉0.05）. Three actinomycetes genera were identified. Streptomyces was found to be the dominating one in both the cruises, followed by Micromonospora, and Actinomyces. The spore of Streptomyces isolates showed the abundance in spiral spore chain. Spore surface was smooth. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the influencing physico-chemical factors were sediment pH, sediment temperature, TOC, porosity, salinity, and pressure. The media used in the present study was prepared with seawater. Thus, they may represent an autochthonous marine flora and deny the theory of land runoff carriage into the sea for adaptation to the salinity of the seawater and sediments.

关键词： marine actinomycetes generic composition physico-chemical parameters continental slope bay of bengal

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Modulation of Low-Latitude West Wind on Abnormal Track and Intensity of Tropical Cyclone Nargis (2008) in the bay of bengal

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2012年第2期29卷 407-421页

作者： LI Wei-Wei WANG Chunzai WANG Dongxiao YANG Lei DENG Yi State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of ScienceGuangzhou 510301 NOAA/Atlantic Oceanographic and Meteorological Laboratory MiamiFloridaUSA

Tropical cyclone （TC） Nargis （2008） made landfall in Myanmar on 02 May 2008, bringing a storm surge, major flooding, and resulting in a significant death toll. TC Nargis （2008） displayed abnormal features, including rare eastward motion in its late stage, rapid intensification before landing. Using reanalysis data and a numerical model, we investigated how a low-latitude westerly wind modulated TC Nargis’ （2008） track and provided favorable atmospheric conditions for its rapid intensification. More importantly, we found a possible counterbalance effect of flows from the two hemispheres on the TC track in the bay of bengal. Our analysis indicates that a strong westerly wind burst across the bay of bengal, resulting in TC Nargis’ （2008） eastward movement after its recurvature. This sudden enhancement of westerly wind was mainly due to the rapidly intensified mid-level cross-equatorial flow. Our results show that a high-pressure system in the Southern Hemisphere induced this strong, mid-level, cross-equatorial flow. During the rapid intensification period of TC Nargis （2008）, this strong and broad westerly wind also transported a large amount of water vapor to TC Nargis （2008）. Sufficient water vapor gave rise to continuously high and increased mid-level relative humidity, which was favorable to TC Nargis’ （2008） intensification. Condensation of water vapor increased the energy supply, which eventuated the intensification of TC Nargis （2008） to a category 4 on the Saffir-Simpson scale.

关键词： TC Nargis (2008) tropical cyclone westerly wind cross-equatorial flow bay of bengal

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Abundance and Ecology of Endemic Asterorotalia trispinosa from the Western bay of bengal: Implications for its Application as a Paleomonsoon Proxy

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Acta Geologica Sinica(English Edition) 2017年第6期91卷 2268-2282页

作者： Rajeev SARASWAT Manumalenki MANASA Thejasino SUOKHRIE Mohammad Syed SAALIM Rajiv NIGAM Micropaleontology Laboratory CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography

A total of 97 surface sediment samples were collected from the continental shelf and slope of the western bay of bengal to assess the potential application of Asterorotalia trispinosa as a paleomonsoon proxy. The relative abundance of living as well as total （living and dead） A. trispinosa ranges from being absent to a maximum of-31%. The highest abundance ofA. trispinosa is close to the outfall region of the Ganga-Brahmaputra Rivers and decreases away from the river mouths. Contrary to that, A. trispinosa is rare in front of both the Cauvery and Pennar river outfall regions, in the central part of the western bay of bengal. The living A. trispinosa abundance is the lowest in between two major river systems, viz. Ganga-Brahmaputra-Mahanadi and Krishna-Godavari. The relative abundance of both the total and living A. trispinosa is strongly positively correlated with ambient seawater temperature, and negatively correlated with %Corg and salinity. Based on the spatial distribution, we conclude that A. trispinosa is stenohaline in nature, rather than euryhaline, and further that the increased relative abundance of A. trispinosa indicates warmer and only marginally hyposaline environment. Even though the ecological preference of A. trispinosa suggests it as a potential paleomonsoon proxy, the restricted distribution implies limited application.

关键词： Asterorotalia trispinosa ecology paleomonsoon riverine influx bay of bengal

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Interannual variability in the barrier layer and forcing mechanism in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean and bay of bengal

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2020年第7期39卷 19-31页

作者： Tian Ma Xuhua Cheng Yiquan Qi Jiajia Chen Key Laboratory of Marine Hazards Forecasting Ministry of Natural ResourcesHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China College of Oceanography Hohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519000China

Interannual variability(IAV)in the barrier layer thickness(BLT)and forcing mechanisms in the eastern equatorial Indian Ocean(EEIO)and bay of bengal(BoB)are examined using monthly Argo data sets during 2002–*** BLT during November–January(NDJ)in the EEIO shows strong IAV,which is associated with the Indian Ocean dipole mode(IOD),with the IOD leading the BLT by two *** the negative IOD phase,the westerly wind anomalies driving the downwelling Kelvin waves increase the isothermal layer depth(ILD).Moreover,the variability in the mixed layer depth(MLD)is *** by the Wyrtki jet,the MLD presents negative anomalies west of 85°E and strong positive anomalies between 85°E and 93°***,the BLT shows positive anomalies except between 86°E and 92°E in the ***,the IAV in the BLT during December–February(DJF)in the BoB is also *** the eastern and northeastern BoB,the IAV in the BLT is remotely forced by equatorial zonal wind stress anomalies associated with the El Ni?o-Southern Oscillation(ENSO).In the western BoB,the regional surface wind forcing-related ENSO modulates the BLT variations.

关键词： barrier layer thickness interannual variability eastern equatorial Indian Ocean bay of bengal

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Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the bay of bengal

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2020年第6期38卷 1616-1631页

作者： Effects of monsoon onset vortex on heat budget in the mixed layer of the bay of bengalXU Kang LIU Boqi LIU Yu WANG Weiqiang HE Zhuoqi State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Guangzhou) Guangzhou 511458China Innovation Academy of South China Sea Ecology and Environmental Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510301China State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather and Institute of Climate System Chinese Academy of Meteorological SciencesBeijing 100081China Institute of Deep-sea Science and Engineering Chinese Academy of SciencesSanya 572000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China State Key Laboratory of Numerical Modeling for Atmospheric Sciences and Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

We investigated the effects of monsoon onset vortex(MOV)on the mixed layer heat budget in the bay of bengal(BOB)in spring 2003 using the reanalysis *** results suggest that the solar radiation flux penetrating the mixed layer and the existence of barrier layer are both able to modulate the effects of MOV on the evolution of sea surface temperature(SST)in the *** to the formation of BOB MOV,the local SST raised quickly due to mass of solar radiation reaching the sea surface under the clear-sky ***,since the mixed layer was shallow before the onset of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM),some solar radiation flux could penetrate to directly heat the deeper water,which partly offset the warming effect of shortwave *** the other hand,the in-situ SST started to cool due to the upwelling of cold water when the MOV generated over the BOB,along with the rapidly increased surface wind speed and its resultant deeper mixed *** the MOV developed and moved northward,the SST tended to decrease remarkably because of the strong upward surface latent heat flux over the BOB ascribed to the wind-evaporation ***,the MOV-related precipitation brought more fresh water into the upper ocean to produce a thicker barrier layer,whose thermal barrier effect damped the cooling effect of entrainment upwelling on the decrease tendency of the BOB *** other words,the thermal barrier effect could slow down the decreasing trend of the BOB SST even after the onset of ASM,which facilitated the further enhancement of the MOV.

关键词： monsoon onset vortex(MOV) bay of bengal air-sea interaction mixed layer depth barrier layer thickness heat budget analysis

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Annual and interannual variations of sea-level anomaly in the bay of bengal and the Andaman Sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第6期26卷 13-29页

作者： QIU Yun LI Li YU Weidong HU Jianyu State key laboratory of Marine Environmental Science College of Oceanography and Environmental Science Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Third Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Xiamen 361005 China First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qinddao 266061 China

Annual and interannual variations of sea-level anomaly （SLA） in the bay of bengal and the Andaman Sea are investigated using altimeter - derived SLA data from 1993 to 2003. It is found that the SLA annual variation in the study area can be divided into three phases with distinctive patterns. During the southwest monsoon （May -September）, positive SLA presents in the equatorial region and extends northward along the eastern boundary of the bay, and the SLA distribution in the interior bay appears to be high in the east and low in the west with two cyclonic ceils developing in the north and south of the western bay respectively, between which an anticyclonic cell exists. During the early northeast monsoon （ October - December） , the whole bay is dominated by a large cyclonic cell with the pattern of high SLA in the east and low in the west still retained, and the SLA distribution outside the bay is changed in response to the reversal of the Indian Monsoon Current （IMC） in November. During the late northeast monsoon （January -April） , a large anticyclonic cell of SLA develops in the bay with negative SLA prevailing in the equatorial region and extending northward along the eastern boundary of bay. Therefore, the SLA distribution in the interior bay reverses to be high in the west and low in the east. It is suggested that the SLA annual variation in the bay is primarily driven by the local wind stress curl, involving Sverdrup balance while the abrupt SLA variation during the peak of northeast monsoon may be partly caused by the semiannual fluctuation of wind in the equatorial region. This fast adjustment in the interior bay is induced by the upwelling coastal Kelvin wave excited by the decay of Wyrtki jet during December through January. Besides the annual variation, in the bay, there are obvious SLA fluctuations with the periods of 2 and 3 - 7 a, which are driven by the interannual variability of large - scale wind field in the equatorial region. The coastal Kelvin wav

关键词： bay of bengal sea-level anomaly low-frequency variation satellite altimeter

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Geochemistry of core sediments from the southeastern bay of bengal:Inferences on weathering and early diagenetic changes

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第2期12卷 495-504页

作者： A.Prajith Abhishek Tyagi P.John Kurian National Centre for Polar and Ocean Research(NCPOR) Ministry of Earth Sciences(MoES)Headland SadaVasco-da-Gama403804GoaIndia

A sediment core(ABP24/05),collected at a water depth of 3520 m from the southeastern bay of bengal was studied to determine the change in chemical weathering during the last glacial to deglacial periods and the factors of sedimentary environment which controlled earliest diagenetic changes in the sediment after its *** ratios of K/Rb,Ti/Al and Zr/Rb during~45 to~18 cal kyr *** the core sediments may be attributed to the stronger physical erosion and turbidity currents activity during this *** might have brought a higher quantity of unaltered minerals to the study *** ratios of K/Rb,Zr/Rb,and Ti/Al and increase of SiO_(2)/TiO_(2),Rb/Al and Cs/Al from~18 cal kyr *** present may be indicating an increase in the rate of chemical weathering during this *** time of increased chemical weathering in the study area is consistent with deglaciation warming in the tropical Indian Ocean and strengthening of river runoff into the Andaman *** change during the interglacial period by increased solar insolation thereby strengthened the summer monsoon which might have led to intensified chemical weathering in the source region since~18 cal kyr *** low organic carbon(OC),high Mn/Al,Fe/Al and the Mn-oxides minerals precipitation indicate prevailing of oxic conditions during~11 cal kyr *** the core sediments,which is contradictory to suboxic conditions developed in the deep ocean sediments in the western bay of bengal and the equatorial Indian *** low terrigenous influx and export of less OC to the bottom sediments might have created a favorable condition for the formation of Mn-oxides in the study area during Holocene.

关键词： bay of bengal Trace elements Chemical weathering Summer monsoon Mn-oxides

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Observations of contrasted glacial-interglacial dissolution of foraminifera above the lysocline in the bay of bengal,northeastern Indian Ocean

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2021年第1期40卷 155-161页

作者： Duo Wang Xuan Ding Franck Bassinot School of Ocean Sciences China University of Geosciences(Beijing)Beijing 100083China Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l’Environnement National Agency for Nuclear Energy/National Centre for Scientifique Research/University of Versailles-Saint QuentinGif-sur-Yvette 91198France

Site U1446(19°50’N,85°44’E,at water depth 1430 m)was drilled during Expedition 353(Indian monsoon rainfall)of the International Ocean Discovery Program(IODP).It is located in the Mahanadi offshore basin,on the northern bay of *** rates and contents of biocarbonates are high at this relatively shallow *** a micropaleontological approach,we examined planktonic and benthic foraminifera in the upper around 40 m of this site,spanning the last around 190 ka.A striking feature of the foraminiferal record is the occurrence of strong but varying dissolution although the site is located well above the modern *** strong dissolution has never been reported in this *** estimated the flux of foraminifera and quantified the ratio of benthic foraminifera over total foraminifera(benthic/total foraminifera)along with the foraminifer fragmentation index in order to characterize past changes in this above-lysocline *** study reveals a clear glacialinterglacial contrast,with a stronger dissolution during marine isotope stages(MISs)1 and 5 than during MISs 2–4 and *** a difference in preservation is likely to have a strong impact on geochemical proxies measured on *** new observations call for an in-depth study of the causes of such above-lysocline dissolution in the region,and an evaluation of its impact on the foraminifera-based proxies used for paleoenvironmental reconstruction.

关键词： foraminifera dissolution lysocline glacial-interglacial bay of bengal

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