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Fault-sand combination modes and hydrocarbon accumulation in Binhai fault nose of Qikou Sag, Bohai bay Basin, East China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第5期46卷 919-934页

作者： ZHOU Lihong HAN Guomeng DONG Yueqi SHI Qianru MA Jianying HU Jinnan REN Shichao ZHOU Kejia WANG Jincheng SI Weiliu Dagang Oilfield Company PetroChinaTianjin 300280China

Based on seismic and logging data,taking the downthrow fault nose of Binhai fault in Qikou Sag as the object of study,we analyzed fault characteristics,sand body distribution,fault-sand combinations and hydrocarbon accumulation to reveal the hydrocarbon enrichment law in the fault-rich area of fault depression lake basin.The results show that the Binhai Cenozoic fault nose is characterized by east-west zoning,the main part of the western fault segment is simple in structure,whereas the broom-shaped faults in the eastern segment are complex in structure,including several groups of faults.The difference of fault evolution controls the spatial distribution of sand bodies.The sand bodies are in continuous large pieces in the downthrow fault trough belt along the Gangdong Fault in the middle segment of the fault nose,forming consequent fault-sand combination;whereas the fault activity period of the eastern part of the fault nose was later,and the sand bodies controlled by paleogeomorphology are distributed in multi-phase north-south finger-shaped pattern,forming vertical fault-sand combination pattern matching with the fault.The configuration between faults and sand bodies,and oil sources and caprocks determine the vertical conductivity,plane distribution and vertical distribution of oil and gas.Two oil and gas accumulation modes,i.***.single main fault hydrocarbon supply-fault sand consequent matching-oil accumulation in multi-layers stereoscopically and fault system transportation-fault sand vertical matching-oil accumulation in banded overlapping layers occur in the middle and eastern segments of the fault nose respectively,and they control the difference of oil and gas distribution and enrichment degree in the Binhai fault nose.

关键词： Bohai bay Basin Qikou Sag Binhai fault nose sandstone development mechanism fault-sand combination oil and gas accumulation reservoir control mechanism

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Trend judgment of abandoned channels and fine architecture characterization in meandering river reservoirs: A case study of Neogene Minhuazhen Formation NmⅢ2 layer in Shijiutuo bulge, Chengning uplift, Bohai bay Basin, East China

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Petroleum Exploration and Development 2019年第5期46卷 943-953页

作者： NIU Bo ZHAO Jiahong FU Ping LI Junjian BAO Zhidong HU Yong SU Jinchang GAO Xingjun ZHANG Chi YU Dengfei ZANG Dongsheng LI Min College of Geosciences China University of PetroleumBeijing 102249China Research Institute of Exploration and Development PetroChina Jilin Oilfield CompanySongyuan 138001China No.5 Oil Production Plant PetroChina Changqing Oilfield CompanyXi’an 710020China Bohai Oilfield Research Institute CNOOC Tianjin CompanyTianjin 300452China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development Beijing 100083China

Based on well logging responses,sedimentary patterns and sandstone thickness,the distribution characteristics of meandering river sedimentary sand body of Neogene Minghuazhen Formation NmⅢ2 layer in the west of Shijiutuo Bulge,Chengning Uplift,Bohai bay Basin were investigated.A new approach to calculate the occurrence of the sand-mudstone interfaces using resistivity log of horizontal well was advanced to solve the multiple solution problem of abandoned channel’s orientation.This method uses the trigonometric function relationship between radius,dip and length of the resistivity log to calculate the occurrence qualitatively-quantitatively to help determine the true direction of the abandoned channels.This method can supplement and improve the architecture dissection technique for meandering river sandbodies.This method was used to study the dip angle and scale of the lateral accretion layers in point bar quantitatively to help determine the spatial distribution of lateral accretion layers.The fine architecture model of underground meandering river reservoir in the study area has been established.Different from traditional grids,different grid densities for lateral accretion layers and bodies were used in this model by non-uniform upscaling to establish the inner architecture model of point-bars and realize industrial numerical simulation of the whole study area.The research results can help us predict the distribution of remaining oil,tap remaining oil,and optimize the waterflooding in oilfields.

关键词： Bohai bay Basin meandering river horizontal well resistivity curve lateral accretion layers lateral accretion bodies architecture modeling remaining oil distribution

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Evaluation of sea level rise in Bohai bay and associated responses

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2017年第1期8卷 48-56页

作者： LIU Ke-Xiu WANG Hui FU Shi-Jie GAO Zhi-Gang DONG Jun-Xing FENG Jian-Long GAO Tong National Marine Data and Information Service Tianjin 300171 China

Tide gauge data from 1950 to 2015 are used to analyze sea level change, tidal change, return levels, and design tide levels under rising sea level scenarios in Bohai bay. Results show the following: 1) Since 1950 sea levels in Bohai bay show a significant rising trend of 3.3 mm per year. The speed has been particularly rapid in 1980e2015 at a rate of 4.7 mm per year. 2) Astronomical tides showed a clear long-term trend in 1950e2015. The amplitude and phase lag of the M2 tide constituent decreased at a rate of 0.21 cm per year and 0.11 per year, respectively and the phase lag of K1 decreased at a rate of 0.09 per year, whereas there was little change in its amplitude. The mean high and low tides increased at a rate of 0.08 and 0.52 cm per year, respectively, whereas the mean tidal range decreased at a rate of 0.44 cm per year. Results from numerical experiments show that local sea level rise plays an important role in the tidal dynamics change in Bohai bay. 3) It is considered that the sea level return periods will decrease owing to the influence of sea level rise and land subsidence, therefore design tide level will change in relation

关键词： Bohai bay Sea level rise Astronomical tide Design tide level Land subsidence

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Ecological impact of land reclamation on Jiangsu coast(China):A novel ecotope assessment for Tongzhou bay

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Water Science and Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 57-64页

作者： Jos R.M.Muller Yong-ping Chen Stefan G.J.Aarninkhof Ying-Chi Chan Theunis Piersma Dirk S.van Maren Jian-feng Tao Zheng Bing Wang Zheng Gong Faculty of Civil Engineering and Geosciences Delft University of TechnologyDelft 2600 GAthe Netherlands Baggermaatschappij Boskalis BV Papendrecht 3350 AEthe Netherlands College of Harbor Coastal and Offshore EngineeringHohai UniversityNanjing 210098China Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences(GELIFES) University of GroningenGroningen 9700 CCthe Netherlands Department of Coastal Systems NIOZ Royal Netherlands Institute for Sea Research and Utrecht UniversityDen Burg 1790 ABthe Netherlands Unit of Marine and Coastal Systems DeltaresDelft 2600 MHthe Netherlands

China’s continuous and rapid economic growth has led to the reclamation of large sections of the intertidal mud coast in combination with port construction,such as that of the proposed Tongzhou bay port on the Jiangsu coast.These reclamations threaten the local ecosystem services.An ecotope distribution map was created and a hydrodynamic numerical model of Tongzhou bay was set up to quantify the impacts of reclamation on the ecosystem.Based on the field data and model results,several abiotic features were classified into 11 ecotopes and visualized in an ecotope map of the Tongzhou bay ecosystem.Validation with spatial distributions of two threatened shorebird species(bar-tailed godwit and great knot) showed confirmation with the mid-range and low-range littoral zones(inundated from 40% to 100% of a tidal cycle),indicating the importance of the areas with these conditions to these populations.Overlaying the ecotope map with recent and proposed land reclamation schemes revealed a loss of ecotopes,composed of the high-range(42%),mid-range(48%),and low-range(38%) littoral habitats,corresponding to a 44%-45% loss of the most important ecotopes for bar-tailed godwit and great knot(mid-range and low-range littoral zones).These results confirm the applicability of the novel ecotope assessment approach in practice.

关键词： Mapping Ecotope Ecotope map Intertidal mudflats Migratory shorebirds Reclamation Tongzhou bay Jiangsu coast

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Evaluation of sea level rise and associated responses in Hangzhou bay from 1978 to 2017

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2018年第4期9卷 227-233页

作者： FENG Jian-Long LI Wen-Shan WANG Hui ZHANG Jian-Li DONG Jun-Xing National Marine Data & Information Service Tianjin 300171 China College of Marine and Environmental Sciences Tianjin University of Science and Technology Tianjin 300457 China

The mean sea level, extreme sea level, and astronomical tide in Hangzhou bay were analyzed using the tide gage data from 1978 to 2017 in Tanxu station, and the effects of rising sea levels on floods were estimated. The mean sea level in Hangzhou bay showed a significant rising trend of 4.6mm per year in 1978-2017. This rate was much higher than the mean sea level of the China seas, and the extreme sea level in Hangzhou bay increased at the rate of 0.011 m per year. During 1978-2017, the mean tide range increased at the rate of 1.30 cm per year. The amplitude of M2 significantly increased at the rate of 0.57cm per year, whereas the phase lag decreased at the rate of --0.21° per year. The amplitude and phase lag of the K1 tidal component slightly decreased at the rate of --0.03 cm per year and -0.07° per year, respectively. The changes in extreme sea level in Hangzhou bay were mainly caused by variations in mean sea level. The coastal areas of Hangzhou bay at risk from flooding due to the 100-year sea level return will increase by about 400 km^2 by 2050.

关键词： Hangzhou bay Sea level rise Astronomical tide Extreme sea level Marine disaster

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Late Mesozoic tectonostratigraphic division and correlation of the Bohai bay basin: Implications for the Yanshanian Orogeny

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第11期62卷 1783-1804页

作者： Jichang ZHU Youliang FENG Qing-Ren MENG Fengcheng WU Hao LI Haitao LIU Feipeng ZHANG Tianyu WANG Guoli WU Caineng ZOU Rixiang ZHU Institute of Geology and Geophysics CASBeijing 100029China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Innovation Academy for Earth Science CASBeijing 100029China PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration and Development Beijing 100083China Institute of Sinopec Exploration and Development Research Beijing 100083China School of Geosciences China University of PetroleumQingdao 266580China

We present the results of Mesozoic sequences of the Bohai bay basin in North China, based mainly on geochronology and interpretations of seismic profiles and logging data. Five tectono-stratigraphic sequences are defined: Lower-Middle Triassic, Lower-Middle Jurassic, Upper Jurassic, Lower Cretaceous and Upper Cretaceous. Based on an analysis of detrital zircons, the clastic rocks recorded two intervals of Jurassic magmatic activity, during 180–175 and 160–152 Ma, which can be correlated to the Nandaling and Tiaojishan Formations in the Yanshan area, respectively. However, since Jurassic volcanic rocks have not yet been found in the Bohai bay basin, we speculate that these two stages of activity were mainly concentrated around the periphery of the North China Craton(NCC) rather than within. Based on an analysis of zircons from volcanic rocks and pyroclastics, the early Cretaceous magmatism in the Bohai bay basin can be divided into two stages, 125–120 and 110–100 Ma,which can be correlated to magmatism in the eastern part of the NCC. The zircon ages indicate an absence of volcanic activity during the late Tuchengzi and Zhangjiakou periods which may correlate to the uplift of the Bohai bay basin in the late Late Jurassic. Comparison of the development of Mesozoic basins and sedimentary strata in the central-eastern part of Yanshan tectonic belt and the the Bohai bay basin indicates that the two areas are generally comparable, but with substantial differences.The central-eastern part of the Yanshan structural belt lacks Early-Middle Triassic strata, and the Bohai bay basin lacks late Jurassic-early Cretaceous strata. Based on research results from late Mesozoic sedimentary structures in the central and eastern parts of the Yanshan tectonic belt, we infer that episode A of the Yanshanian Orogeny was weak in the Bohai bay basin and its periphery, while episode B of the Yanshanian Orogeny had a strong influence on the Bohai bay basin and its periphery. The available data reveal differences in the expression of these ep

关键词： Yanshanian Orogeny Late Mesozoic Central-eastern part of Yanshan tectonic belt The Bohai bay basin Tectonostratigraphic division

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Characteristics of particle fluxes in the Prydz bay polynya, Eastern Antarctica

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第4期62卷 657-670页

作者： Zhengbing HAN Chuanyu HU Weiping SUN Jun ZHAO Jianming PAN Gaojing FAN Haisheng ZHANG Second Institute of Oceanography Ministry of Natural Resources Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry State Oceanic Administration China University of Geosciences

The settling of particulate carbon in seawater is a key component of the ocean carbon cycle. We deployed a set of sediment trap in the polynya of Prydz bay from December 2010 to December 2011 to investigate the seasonal variations in particle fluxes. There was a clear seasonal variation in the particle fluxes, with maximum and minimum fluxes recorded during the summer and winter, respectively. The average total flux over the sampling period was 193.58 mg m^(-2)d^(-1), and the average fluxes of organic carbon(C_(org)), inorganic carbon(C_(inorg)), and biogenic silica(Si_(bio)) were 721.78, 28.67, and 2382.80 μmol m^(-2) d^(-1), respectively. Si_(bio)was the main contributor to the total mass flux, and strongly correlated with C_(org). The high Si_(bio)/C_(org)molar ratios(>1) suggest that C_(org)was transported to deep sea in association with Si_(bio). By comparing remote sensing data of sea ice and chlorophyll in the upper water column, we found that the dynamics of carbon fluxes were closely related to changes in sea ice. Algae in sea ice may have a key role in biological pump processes in early summer. Apart from the ice algae bloom period, variations in carbon fluxes generally corresponded with phytoplankton blooms in the upper water. The ballast effect controlled the particle settling velocity and the efficiency of the biological pump. Sea ice rafts initiated the first particle export event and enhanced the particle settling efficiency during melting period. As diatoms might become less dominant in the ice-free area, sea ice loss may cause the efficiency of the biological pump efficiency to decrease over the long term.

关键词： Prydz bay Particle fluxes Polynya Ballast effect Biological pump efficiency

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Estimating submarine groundwater discharge and associated nutrient inputs into Daya bay during spring using radium isotopes

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Water Science and Engineering 2018年第2期11卷 120-130页

作者： Jing-yan Gao Xue-jing Wang Yan Zhang Hai-long Li School of Environment Harbin Institute of Technology School of Environmental Science and Engineering Southern University of Science and Technology School of Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering Wuhan University State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology China University of Geosciences

Daya bay, a semi-enclosed bay in the South China Sea, is well known for its aquaculture, agriculture, and tourism. In recent years, many environmental problems have emerged, such as the frequent(almost yearly) occurrence of harmful algal blooms and red tides. Therefore,investigations of submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) and associated nutrient inputs to this bay have important theoretical and practical significance to the protection of the ecological system. Such a study was conducted using short-lived radium isotopes ^(223)Ra and ^(224)Ra. The estimated SGD fluxes were 2.89 × 10~7 m^3/d and 3.05 × 10~7 m^3/d based on ^(223)Ra and ^(224)Ra, respectively. The average SGD flux was about 35 times greater than that of all the local rivers. The SGD-associated dissolved inorganic nitrogen(DIN) and dissolved inorganic phosphorus(DIP)fluxes ranged from 1.95 × 10~6 to 2.06 × 10~6 mol/d and from 5.72 × 10~4 to 6.04 × 10~4 mol/d, respectively. The average ratio of DIN to DIP fluxes in SGD was 34, much higher than that in local rivers(about 6.46), and about twice as large as the Redfield ratio(16). Our results indicate that SGD is a significant source of nutrients to the bay and may cause frequent occurrence of harmful algal blooms. This study provides baseline data for evaluating potential environmental effects due to urbanization and economic growth in this region.

关键词： Submarine groundwater discharge(SGD) Radium isotopes Radium mass balance model SGD-associated nutrient fluxes Daya bay

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Structure kinematics of a transtensional basin:An example from the Linnan Subsag, Bohai bay basin,Eastern China

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Geoscience Frontiers 2018年第3期9卷 917-929页

作者： Dong-Xiao Feng Fu Ye School of Earth Sciences and Resources China University of Geosciences (Beijing) Exploration and Development Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Company SINOPEC Geophysics Research Institute of Shengli Oilfield Company SINOPEC

The Linnan subsag is a petroliferous, secondary tectonic unit of the Huimin sag that is located in the western part of the Jiyang depression in the Bohai bay basin, eastern China. In this study, the authors calculated basin extensional rate and slipping displacement of boundary faults in the dip and strike directions, using seismic and drilling data. The evolution of the Linnan transtensional basin from the Eogene through the Quaternary is quantitatively described, and a dynamic model is established. The Linshan and Xiakou boundary faults of the Linnan subsag are used as a case study to describe a method to calculate the strike and dip slipping displacements of active faults under oblique extension. The results quantitatively illustrate the behavior of the Linnan subsag boundary faults over time. The Linnan subsag transtensional basin experienced four stages of evolution: weak extension during the Kongdian Formation, rapid extension and fault depression during the fourth member of the Shahejie Formation,intensive transtension and fault depression during the third member of the Shahejie Formation-Dongying Formation, and weakening fault depression during the Guantao Formation-Pingyuan Formation.The results of this study provide further understanding of the processes of petroleum migration and accumulation in the region.

关键词： Transtensional basin Fault activity Quantitative calculation Basin evolution model Linnan subsag Bohai bay basin

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Seasonal Variation of Environmental Variables and Phytoplankton Community Structure and Their Relationship in Liaodong bay of Bohai Sea,China

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2018年第4期17卷 864-878页

作者： YANG Guojun WU Zhongxin SONG Lun LU Xiaoqian College of Fisheries and Life Science Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Center for Marine Ranching Engineering Science Research of Liaoning Province Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China College of Marine Science and Environment Dalian Ocean UniversityDalian 116023China Liaoning Ocean and Fisheries Science Research Institute Dalian 116023China

In this paper, systematic studies on the changes in concentrations of the environmental factors and the net-phytoplankton community, and the relationship between them in the Liaodong bay, Bohai Sea during 2013 are presented. The PCA results showed that higher levels of nutrients and dissolved heavy metals in the river-estuary-bay system were closely related to the river runoff. Since the influences of industrial and anthropogenic activities, the Liaodong bay coastal areas are facing a huge environmental challenge of nutrients and heavy metal pollution. Net-phytoplankton community structure showed obvious seasonal succession, among which the dominant and(or) key species were the main factors affecting community structure change and stability. Under certain environmental conditions, the dominant species and(or) key species dominated the phytoplankton community structure succession. The Bio-ENV results suggested that the seawater temperature, nutrient, Cu, Pb, Zn, and Cd in Liaodong bay are important environmental variables that affect the phytoplankton community structure. Anthropogenic activities have significantly contributed to the changes in concentrations of environmental factors and the net-phytoplankton community structure and stability, and the relationship between them.

关键词： Liaodong bay environmental variables eutrophication trace metals phytoplankton community ecological stability

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