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Particuology 2023年第8期79卷 64-77页

作者： Gan Cheng Jianqiang Zhang Huanhuan Su Zhanyun Zhang Zhengzhou Non-ferrous Metals Research Institute Co.Ltd. Aluminum Corporation of ChinaZhengzhou450041China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China Collaborative Innovation Center of Coal Work Safety and Clean High Efficiency Utilization Henan Polytechnic UniversityJiaozuo454000China

bauxite is one of the main raw materials in the alumina industry.Fine high-sulfur bauxite flotation desulfurization is a great challenge presently.This study aims to synthesize nanoparticle collectors(NPCs)by emulsion polymerization to improve the abovesaid flotation desulfurization process.The physicochemical properties of high-sulfur bauxite were analyzed,and the experimental conditions for the synthesis of NPCs were optimized.The interaction mechanism between NPCs and pyrite was studied via fundamental analyses including SEM(Scanning Electron Microscope),FT-IR(Fourier Transform Infrared spectoscopy),Zeta-potential,XPS(X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy),and wettability.Under the closed-circuit flotation flowsheet of"one roughing-two cleaning-three scavenging",aluminum concen-trate with a yield of 85.91%and sulfur content of 0.56%were obtained using a common collector.However,with the addition of the novel NPC,aluminum concentrate with a yield of 85.70%and sulfur content of 0.36%could be obtained by a simpler flowsheet of"one roughing-one cleaning-two scav-enging".The improvement in flotation performance is suggested to be contributed by the addition of spherical NPC,which induced a rougher and more hydrophobic pyrite surface.

关键词： bauxite Flotation desulfurization Nanoparticle collector Pyrite

Phosphogypsum stabilization of bauxite residue:Conversion of its alkaline characteristics

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第3期31卷 1-10页

作者： Shengguo Xue Meng Li Jun Jiang Graeme J.Millar Chuxuan Li Xiangfeng Kong School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Institute for Future Environments Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology

Reduction of the high alkalinity of bauxite residue is a key problem to solve to make it suitable for plant growth and comprehensive utilization. In this study, phosphogypsum, a waste product from the phosphate fertilizer industry, was used to drive the alkaline transformation of the bauxite residue. Under optimal water washing conditions(liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 24 hr), the impact of quantity added, reaction time and reaction mechanism during phosphogypsum application were investigated. Phosphogypsum addition effectively lowered p H levels and reduced the soluble alkalinity by 92.2%. It was found that the concentration of soluble Na and Ca ions in the supernatant increased gradually, whilst the exchangeable Na+and Ca^(2+)in solid phase changed 112 mg/kg and 259 mg/kg, respectively. Ca^(2+)became the dominant element in the solid phase(phosphogypsum addition of 2%, liquid/solid ratio of 2 mL/g, 30°C, 12 hr). X-ray diffraction data indicated that cancrinite and hydrogarnet were the primary alkaline minerals. SEM images suggested that phosphogypsum could promote the formation of stable macroaggregates, whilst the content of Ca^(2+)increased from 5.6% to 18.2% and Na reduced from 6.8% to 2.4%. Treatment with phosphogypsum could significantly promote the transformation of alkalinity cations by neutralization, precipitation and replacement reactions.This research provided a feasible method to promote soil formation of bauxite residue by phosphogypsum amendment.

关键词： bauxite residue Phosphogypsum Alkaline ions Alkaline transformation Soil formation

Effect of amendments on the leaching behavior of alkaline anions and metal ions in bauxite residue

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第11期31卷 74-81页

作者： Tao Tian Jinaju Zhou Feng Zhu Yuzhen Ye Ying Guo William Hartley Shengguo Xue School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Changsha 410083 China Crop and Environment Sciences Department Harper Adams University Newport Shropshire TF10 8NB UK

A column leaching experiment was used to investigate the efficacy of amendments on their ability to remove alkaline anions and metal ions from bauxite residue leachates.Treatments included,simulated acid rain (AR),phosphogypsum + vermicompost (PVC),phosphogypsum + vermicompost + simulated acid rain (PVA),and biosolids + microorganisms (BSM) together with controls (CK).Results indicated that amendment could effectively reduce the leachate pH and EC values,neutralize OH-,CO32-,HCO3-,and water soluble alkali,and suppress arsenic (As) content.Correlation analysis revealed significant linear correlations with pH and concentrations of OH-,CO32-,HCO3-,water-soluble alkali,and metal ions.BSM treatment showed optimum results with neutralizing anions (OH-,CO32-,and HCO3-),water soluble alkali,and removal of metal ions (Al,As,B,Mo,V,and Na),which was attributed to neutralization from the generation of small molecular organic acids and organic matter during microbial metabolism.BSM treatment reduced alkaline anions and metal ions based on neutralization reactions in bauxite residue leachate,which reduced the potential pollution effects from leachates on the soil surrounding bauxite residue disposal areas.

关键词： bauxite residue leachate Amendments Alkaline anions Metal ions

Changes in distribution and microstructure of bauxite residue aggregates following amendments addition

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第4期31卷 276-286页

作者： Shengguo Xue Yuzhen Ye Feng Zhu Qiongli Wang Jun Jiang William Hartley School of Metallurgy and Environment Central South University Crop and Environment Sciences Department Harper Adams UniversityNewport

bauxite residue is a highly alkaline byproduct which is routinely discarded at residue disposal areas. Improving soil formation process to revegetate the special degraded lands is a promising strategy for sustainable management of the refining industry. A laboratory incubation experiment was used to evaluate the effects of gypsum and vermicompost on stable aggregate formation of bauxite residue. Aggregate size distribution was quantified by fractal theory, whilst residue microstructure was determined by scanning electron microscopy and synchrotron-based X-ray micro-computed tomography. Amendments addition increased the content of macro-aggregates(> 250 μm) and enhanced aggregate stability of bauxite residue. Following gypsum and vermicompost addition, fractal dimension decreased from 2.84 to 2.77, which indicated a more homogeneous distribution of aggregate particles. Images from scanning electron microscopy and three-dimensional microstructure demonstrated that amendments stimulate the formation of improved structure in residue aggregates. Pore parameters including porosity, pore throat surface area, path length, and path tortuosity increased under amendment additions. Changes in aggregate size distribution and microstructure of bauxite residue indicated that additions of gypsum and vermicompost were beneficial to physical condition of bauxite residue which may enhance the ease of vegetation.

关键词： bauxite residue Fractal characteristics Aggregate microstructure Substrate amendment Soil formation

Optimization of iron and aluminum recovery in bauxite

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2020年第3期27卷 310-318页

作者： Qian Long Jun-qi Li Chao-yi Chen Yuan-pei Lan Guo-ling Wei Department of Metallurgical Engineering College of Materials and MetallurgyGuizhou UniversityGuiyang 550025GuizhouChina Guizhou Province Key Laboratory of Metallurgical Engineering and Process Energy Saving Guiyang 550025GuizhouChina

Recovering iron and aluminum efficiently is the key route to utilize low-grade high-iron bauxite.Aiming to optimize the iron separating process and elevate both Fe and Al recovery ratio,three different Fe-Al recovery processes with different magnetic roasting(R),Bayer leaching process(L)and magnetic separation(S)orders were investigated.The studied processes include bauxite leaching→red mud roasting→magnetic separation(L-R-S),bauxite roasting→magnetic separation→leaching(R-S-L)and bauxite roasting→leaching→magnetic separation(R-L-S).The iron recovery ratio,Fe2O3 content in iron concentration and the bauxite dissolution ratio of each process were investigated.Moreover,the optimizations of the leaching,roasting and magnetic separation conditions were studied.Results indicate that the R-S-L process should be an advisable order to recover both alumina and iron.In the three processes,the R-S-L route had the highest alumina dissolution ratio and iron recovery ratio,which was 86.20%and 69.58%,respectively,while the Fe2O3 content of the iron concentrate was 40.66%.

关键词： High-iron bauxite Magnetic roasting Magnetic separation Recovery ratio Dissolution ratio

Electrochemical behaviors of anode materials and their performance for bauxite desulfurization

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Engineering 2019年第4期27卷 802-810页

作者： Yingnan Hu Aijing Lü Mingyong Wang Dong Wang Junhao Liu Zhi Wang Xuzhong Gong National Engineering Laboratory for Hydrometallurgical Cleaner Production Technology Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering Institute of Process Engineering Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China State Key Laboratory of Advanced Metallurgy University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China

Pyrite inside bauxite could be oxidized into soluble S-containing ions by electrolysis, and thus achieving bauxite desulfurization by using filtration. However, S-containing ions in electrolyte had some corrosion effects on electrode, especially for anode. In this work, six kinds of traditional materials were selected as anode, and their corrosion behaviors were examined by using electrochemistry characterization. Tafel and CV curves from simulating electrolyte suggested that their corrosion potentials were in the following order: Ni﹥C﹥SS﹥Fe﹥Cu﹥Pb–Ag. As expected, the desulfurization ratio and cell voltage from bauxite electrolysis were in the following order respectively: Cu﹥Ni﹥Fe﹥SS﹥C﹥Pb–Ag and Ni﹥Fe﹥SS﹥Cu﹥C﹥Pb–Ag. Finally, Ni was proposed a kind of excellent electrode material for bauxite desulfurization from electrolysis.

关键词： Corrosion resistance High sulfur bauxite Electrolysis desulfurization Electrode materials

Reduction and melting behavior of carbon composite lateritic bauxite pellets

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2015年第4期22卷 381-388页

作者： Ying-yi Zhang Jie Zhao Yuan-hong Qi Xiang-li Cheng Zong-shu Zou State Key Laboratory of Advance Steel Processes and Products Central Iron and Steel Research Institute School of Material and Metallurgy Northeast University

Direct reduction of low-grade lateritic bauxite was studied at high temperature to recover Fe and beneficiate AlzO3 slag. The re- sults show that a metallization rate of 97.9% and a nugget recovery rate of 85.1% can be achieved when the reducing and melting tempera- tures are 1350 and 1480℃, respectively. Moreover, a higher-grade calcium aluminate slag （A1203 = 50.52wt%） can also be obtained, which is mainly composed of ct-A1203, hercynite （FeAI：O4）, and gehlenite （Ca2A12SiO7）. In addition, high-quality iron nuggets have been produced from low-grade lateritic bauxite. The nugget is mainly composed of iron （93.82wt%） and carbon （3.86wt%）, with almost no gangue （slag）.

关键词： bauxite ore pellets direct reduction process melting behavior metallization

Semi-industrial experimental study on bauxite separation using a cell-column integration process

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2016年第1期23卷 7-15页

作者： Ning-ning Zhang Chang-chun Zhou Long-fei Cong Wen-long Cao You Zhou School of Chemical Engineering and Technology China University of Mining & Technology Xuzhou 221116 China Key Laboratory of Coal Processing and Efficient Utilization (Ministry of Education) Xuzhou 221116 China

The cyclonic-static micro-bubble flotation column （FCSMC） is a highly efficient mineral processing equipment. In this study, a cell-column （FCSMC） integration process was investigated for the separation of bauxite and its feasibility was analyzed on a theoretical basis The properties of low-grade bauxite ore from Henan Province, China were analyzed. Parameters such as reagent dosage, scraping bubble time, and pressure of the circulating pump during the sorting process were investigated and optimized to improve the flotation efficiency. On the basis of these parameters, continuous separation experiments were conducted. bauxite concentrate with an aluminum-to-silicon （A/S） mass ratio of 6.37 and a 77.63wt% recovery rate were achieved via a flow sheet consisting of ＂fast flotation using a flotation cell, one roughing flotation and one cleaning flotation using flotation columns＂. Compared with the full-flotation-cells process, the cell-column integration process resulted in an increase of the A/S ratio by 0.41 and the recovery rate by 17.58wt%. Cell-coltmm integration separation technology represents a new approach for the separation of middle-to-low-grade bauxite ore.

关键词： bauxite separation flotation flotation columns flotation cells

β-Sialon Produced by Carbon Thermal Nitriding Reaction of bauxite

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2000年第3期14卷 209-213页

作者： Jun Wang, Nan Li, Caicheng Shi, Chengchang Jia ( Material Science and Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Material Science and Engineering School, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430 Material Science and Engineering School University of Science and Technology Beijing Beijing 100083 China Material Science and Engineering School Wuhan University of Science and Technology Wuhan 430081 China

β-Sialon was produced by carbon thermal nitriding reaction in N_2 gas atmosphere when the mixtures of bauxite and anthracite were put into vertical furnace. According to the mass loss of raw materials and the result of X-ray diffration (XRD) of products, the influences of the process parameters on the compositions and relative contents of products, such as the fixed carbon content, the flow of N2, the soaking time and the temperature, were researched.

关键词： β-Sialon bauxite anthracite carbon thermal nitriding processing parameter vertical furnace

Extraction of iron and aluminum from high-iron bauxite by ammonium sulfate roasting and water leaching

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Journal of Iron and Steel Research(International) 2019年第6期26卷 578-584页

作者： Ding Tian Xiao-yi Shen Yu-chun Zhai Penny Xiao Paul Webley School of Metallurgy Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China School of Material Science and Engineering Dalian Jiaotong University Dalian 11602& Liaoning China Liaoning Key Laboratory for Metallurgical Sensor and Technology Northeastern University Shenyang 110819 Liaoning China School of Resources and Materials Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao Qinhuangdao 066004 Hebei China Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering University of Melbourne Melbourne 3010 VIC Australia

High iron content is one of the challenges in utilizing the refractory bauxites in China. An improved method for treating the high-iron bauxite by roasting with (NH4)2SO4 was proposed, which offers a possible alternative method for utilizing the high-iron bauxite. The influences of the roasting time, roasting temperature, material ratio, and ore particle size on the extraction ratios of Fe and Al were studied, and the orthogonal test was used to optimize the reaction conditions. The optimized reaction conditions were proposed as follows: roasting temperature of 450 °C, roasting time of 120 min, material ratio of (NH4)2SO4 to ore of 2.5:1.0, and ore particle size below 80 jim. The roasting mechanism and kinetic parameters including the apparent activation energy and reaction rate constant were investigated. The results showed that the control step of the roasting process was the internal diffusion on the product layer and the apparent activation energy was 19.22 kJ mol-1 in the reaction temperature range. The kinetic equation was obtained finally.

关键词： High-iron bauxite Ammonium sulfate Roasting Reaction process Kinetics