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Low barnacle fouling on leaves of the mangrove plant Sonneratia apetala and possible anti-barnacle defense strategies

Low barnacle fouling on leaves of the mangrove plant Sonnera...

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福建省海洋学会2016年学术年会

作者： Dan-qing Feng Wei Wang Xiang Wang Yan Qiu Cai-huan Ke College of Ocean & Earth Sciences Xiamen University Medical College Xiamen University

A field survey of barnacle fouling on leaves of five co-occurring mangrove plants(Kandelia candel,Bruguiera gymnorrhiza,Rhizophora stylosa,Sonneratia apetala,and Avicennia marina) was conducted in Tongan Bay,southeastern *** leaves of *** were found to be less frequently and less abundantly fouled by barnacles relative to the other mangrove species,implying that *** may possess anti-barnacle *** surface wettability and flexibility of leaves for the five investigated mangrove species were *** the lower surface of *** leaf,the leaves of all these species exhibited low surface wettability,with contact angles of 82° to 94°.The leaf flexibility of *** was similar to that of ***,and both were much greater than those of the other three mangrove *** of all these five mangrove species were also subjected to chemical *** extracts of ***,***,*** and *** showed anti-settlement activities against the barnacle Balanus albicostatus,with EC values respectively of 0.85,10.13,37.03,and 50.67 μg/*** antifouling compound,identified as oleanolic acid,was isolated from the two most active extracts(the *** extract and the *** extract) via bioassay-guided fractionation.A potential multiple defense strategy of *** against barnacle fouling,including low surface wettability,anti-barnacle settlement metabolite of oleanolic acid,and post-settlement detachment of barnacles from its flexible leaves,is proposed in this study.

关键词： Mangrove barnacle fouling Antifouling defense Sonneratia apetala Surface wettability Oleanolic acid

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