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Pedosphere 1998年第4期8卷 361-366页

作者： LI GUIBAO LIU CHUNMING SUN KEGANG BAO DEJUN ZHANG GUILAN LEI QUANKUI YAO YUQING and BU LIJIE (Soil and Fertilizer Institute, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002 China)(Luoyang Institute of Agricultural Sciencea, Luoyang 471022 Ch Soil and Fertilizer Institute Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences Zhengzhou 450002 China Luoyang Institute of Agricultural Sciences Luoyang 4T1022 China Neihuang County Extension Station of Agricultural Technique Neihuang 456300 China

A study on balanced fertilization was conducted by means of long-term field experiments, and a convenient table for balanced fertilization was compiled. The experimental results about the effect of fertilization on wa... 详细信息

关键词： balanced fertilization upland water use efficiency wheat

Establishment of a Mathematical Model for Mulberry balanced fertilization in Hilly Areas of Sichuan Province

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第10期13卷 2137-2141,2146页

作者：刘刚帅小蓉张建华殷浩佟万红罗春燕黄盖群林超文危玲夏庆友四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所四川南充637000 西南大学生命科学学院重庆400715 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所四川成都610066 西南大学蚕学与系统生物学研究所重庆400716

In order to increase mulberry leaf yield and production efficiency in hilly areas of Sichuan Province through scientific fertilization,＂3414＂,a quadratic regression design for modern fertilization,was employed to simulate the regression relationship between mulberry leaf yield and major fertilizer elements including nitrogen（N）,phosphor（P） and potassium（K） among which mulberry leaf yield was the objective function and N,P and K were the regulatory factors to fertilization *** a result,7 types of ternary,binary and monadic quadratic fertilizer effect functions of N,P and K fertilizer elements were *** weight of fertilizer factors in the optimal mulberry leaf yield obtained by various types of functions was in decreasing order of KPKPNPKNKNNP,and the weight of fertilizer factors in the ratio of leaf yield to input was in decreasing order of K〉PK〉NPK〉P〉NK〉NP〉*** be specific,the ternary quadratic fertilizer effect function（Y=20 313＋0.25X1＋43.48 X2＋34.47X3-0.01X1^2-0.14X2^2-0.06X3^2＋0.05X1X2＋0.02X1X3-0.07X2X3,in which X1,X2 and X3 indicate the fertilizer factors N,P and K,respectively） was a model containing all factors,thereby being a recommended fertilization program for mulberry *** factor effect analysis indicated that K fertilizer had the highest influence on mulberry leaf yield and ratio of leaf yield to ***,among all the simulation functions,the monadic quadratic fertilizer effect function of K fertilizer factor（Y=25 002.27＋44.728X3-0.084X32） leads to the optimal leaf yield and maximum ratio of leaf yield to *** using the optimal fertilization program with 600 kg/hm2 N,210 kg/hm2 P2O5 and 254.33 kg/hm2 K2O,the optimal economic leaf yield obtained is 30 945.00 kg/hm2,the cost of fertilizer input is 4 403.65 yuan/hm2,and the ratio of leaf yield to input is as high as *** verification by production practices,the recommended fertilization indicators in the optimal mulberry fertilization program can provide reference

关键词： Mulberry High yield balanced fertilization Fertilizer effect function

Effects of balanced fertilization on Mulberry Leaf Quality and Its Active Substance Content

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2013年第4期14卷 635-639,644页

作者：黄盖群张烈殷浩危玲佟万红刘刚张建华林超文郭涛西华师范大学四川南充637000 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所四川南充637000 西南大学蚕与生物技术学院重庆400716 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所四川成都610066 西南大学资源与环境学院重庆400716

This paper study the effect of nitrogen （N, X1）, phosphorus （P, X2） and potassium （K, X3） in different amounts on crude protein, soluble sugar, total flavonoid and 1-deoxynojirimycin contents in mulberry leaves, with mulberry trees in spring and autumn as the material and as per ＂3414＂ experimental design. The results showed that the qualities and active substance content of mulberry leaves changed from increasing to decreasing with its development; crude protein and solu-ble sugar achieved the peak on August 20; total flavonoid and 1-deoxynojirimycin was the highest on May 15. fertilizations with N, P and K fertilizers at different amounts had significant effects on quality of mulberry leaf and content of active substances. Specifically, as fertilizer amount increased, the content of active sub- stances grew dramatically and achieved the highest at level 2 （X^2X=X~_）. Based on fertilizer effect functions of objective yield, the recommended amounts of N, P and K fertilizers based on crude protein, soluble sugar, flavonoid content and DNJ in test sites were 718.46, 220.11 and 305.23 kg/hm2, when the highest of crude protein in mulberry leaf was 1 813.83 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were recommended at 666.54, 204.41 and 243.18 kg/hm2, soluble sugar in mulberry leaf achieved the peak at 1 042.65 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were at 675.96, 326.49 and 462.90 kg/hm2, flavonoid content achieved the maximum at 147.90 kg/hm2. When N, P and K fertilizers were at 720.9, 225.11 and 323.63 kg/hm2, DNJ content was the highest at 13.55 kg/hm2.

关键词： Mulberry balanced fertilization Quality Active substances

Effects of Slow-release Fertilizer and balanced fertilization on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Uptake in Peppers

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第7期16卷 1457-1461页

作者：张忠武王建新鲁耀段宗颜彭荣珍周敏杨景华云南省农业科学院农业环境资源研究所云南昆明650205

Field plot experiment was conducted to study the effects of two slow-re- lease fertilizers and balanced fertilization on dry matter accumulation, yield, fertilizer use efficiency, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium uptake of peppers at Jiangna Town, Yanshan County, Yunnan Province in 2011. The results showed that the dry matter accumulation in dried pepper plant, pepper yield, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium uptake in peppers were significantly increased in all the fertilizer treat- ments, compared with those in control （no fertilizer）. Compared with conventional fertilization, balanced fertilization, slow-release compound fertilizer and slow-release urea fertilizer significantly increased dried pepper economic output by 20.94%, 17.5% and 14.54%, nitrogen uptake in dried peppers by 21.53%,18.46% and 13.19%, phosphorus uptake in dried peppers by 14.08%, 15.76% and 10.44%, potassium uptake in dried peppers by 22.66%, 15.73% and 16.28%; they also in- creased nitrogen and potassium use efficiency, but reduced potassium use efficiency due to the increased potassium addition. In treatments with balanced fertilization, slow-release compound fertilizer and slow-release urea fertilizer, the nitrogen utiliza- tion was 5.84%, 7.14% and 8.33% higher and the phosphorus utilization was 3.32%, 3.27% and 2.47% higher than those in treatment with conventional fertiliza- tion. In addition, the nitrogen application could be reduced by 20%-50% by bal- anced fertilization and the two slow-release fertilizers, thereby reducing environmen- tal pollution. Slow-release fertilizers could also reduce the frequency of fertilization and labor costs.

关键词： Slow-release fertilizer balanced fertilization Dried pepper NPK uptake Fertilizer use efficiency

Long-term fertilization and residue return affect soil stoichiometry characteristics and labile soil organic matter fractions

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Pedosphere 2020年第5期30卷 703-713页

作者： Shasha LUO Qiang GAO Shaojie WANG Lei TIAN Qi ZHOU Xiujun LI Chunjie TIAN Key Laboratory of Mollisols Agroecology Northeast Institute of Geography and AgroecologyChinese Academy of SciencesChangchun 130102(China) College of Resources and Environment Jilin Agricultural UniversityChangchun 130118(China)

Ecological stoichiometry provides the possibility for linking microbial dynamics with soil carbon(C),nitrogen(N),and phosphorus(P)metabolisms in response to agricultural nutrient *** determine the roles of fertilization and residue return with respect to ecological stoichiometry,we collected soil samples from a 30-year field experiment on residue return(maize straw)at rates of 0,2.5,and 5.0 Mg ha^-1 in combination with 8 fertilization treatments:no fertilizer(F0),N fertilizer,P fertilizer,potassium(K)fertilizer,N and P(NP)fertilizers,N and K(NK)fertilizers,P and K(PK)fertilizers,and N,P,and K(NPK)*** measured soil organic C(SOC),total N and P,microbial biomass C,N,and P,water-soluble organic C and N,KMnO4-oxidizabIe C(KMnO4-C),and carbon management index(CMI).Compared with the control(F0 treatment without residue return),fertilization and residue return significantly increased the KMn〇4-C content and ***,compared with the control,residue return significantly increased the SOC ***,the NPK treatment with residue return at 5.0 Mg ha^-1 significantly enhanced the C:N,C:P,and N:P ratios in the soil,whereas it significantly decreased the C:N and C:P ratios in soil microbial ***,NPK fertilizer application combined with residue return at 5.0 Mg ha^-1 could enhance the SOC content through the stoichiometric plasticity of *** return and fertilization increased the soil C pools by directly modifying the microbial stoichiometry of the biomass that was C limited.

关键词： balanced fertilization carbon management index ecological stoichiometry microbial biomass soil organic C

Effect of Long-Term fertilization on Soil Productivity on the North China Plain

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Pedosphere 2015年第3期25卷 450-458页

作者： WANG Jing-Yan YAN Xiao-Yuan GONG Wei Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Forestry Engineering Sichuan Agricultural University State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture Institute of Soil ScienceChinese Academy of Sciences

Soil productivity is the ability of a soil, in its normal environment, to support plant growth and can be evaluated with respect to crop production in unfertilized soil within the agricultural ecosystem. Both soil productivity and fertilizer applications affect crop yields. A long-term experiment with a winter wheat-summer maize rotation was established in 1989 in a field of the Fengqiu State Key Agro-Ecological Experimental Station, a region typical of the North China Plain, including seven treatments： 1） a balanced application of NPK chemical fertilizers （NPK）; 2） application of organic fertilizer （OM）; 3） application of 50% organic fertilizer and 50% NPK chemical fertilizers （1/2OMN）; 4） application of NP chemical fertilizers （NP）; 5） application of PK chemical fertilizer （PK）; 6） application of NK chemical fertilizers （NK）; and 7） unfertilized control （CK）. To investigate the effects of fertilization practices on soil productivity, further pot tests were conducted in 2007-2008 using soil samples from the different fertilization treatments of the long-term field experiment. The soil sample of each treatment of the long-term experiment was divided into three pots to grow wheat： with no fertilization （Potunf）, with balanced NPK fertilization （POtNPK）, and with the same fertilizer（s） of the long-term field experiment （Potori）. The fertilized soils of the field experiment used in all the pot tests showed a higher wheat grain yield and higher nutrient uptake levels than the unfertilized soil. Soil productivity of the treatments of the field experiment after 18 years of continuous fertilizer applications were ranked in the order of OM 〉 1/2OMN 〉 NPK 〉 NP 〉 PK 〉 NK 〉 CK. The contribution of soil productivity of the different treatments of the field experiment to the wheat grain yield of Potori was 36.0%-76.7%, with the PK and NK treatments being higher than the OM, 1/2OMN, NPK, and NP treatments since the soil in this area was deficient in N and P and rich in K. Wheat g

关键词： balanced fertilization chemical fertilizer crop yield soil fertility nutrient use efficiency organic fertilizer soil organic matter

fertilization for High Yields in Corn-Sweet Potato-Wheat Rotation: A Systematic Approach to Nutrient Limiting Factors of Soils in Chongqing, China

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Pedosphere 2002年第3期12卷 265-274页

作者： HETIANXIU WUDEYI 等 SouthwestAgriculturalUniversity Chongqing400716（China） ShanghaiJiaotongUniversity Shanghao200000（China）

A systematic approach was adopted to investigate the nutrient limiting factors in gray-brown purple soils and yellow soils derived from limestone in Chongqing, China, to study balanced fertilization for corn, sweet potato and wheat in rotation. The results showed that N, P and K were deficient in both soils, Cu, Mn, S andZn in the gray-brown purple soils and Ca, Mg, Mo and Zn for the yellow soils. balanced fertilizer application increased yields of corn, sweet potato and wheat by 28.4%, 28.7% and 4.4%, respectively, as compared to the local farmers' practice. The systematic approach can be considered as one of the most efficient and reliable methods in fertility study.

关键词： balanced fertilization high yield nutrient limiting factors systematicapproach

Effects of N,P and K Fertilizers on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Mulberry

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第12期13卷 2562-2568页

作者：黄盖群危玲佟万红高辉殷浩刘刚张烈孔繁慧罗春燕四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所四川南充637000 西华师范大学生命科学学院四川南充637000 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所四川成都610066

[Objective] The aim was to research the effects of N, P and K fertilizers on photosynthetic characteristics of mulberry. [Method] In the test, Chuan 826, a va- riety of mulberry, was taken as an example to explore the relationships of chloro- phyll content, leaf area index, net photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance of leaf, CO2 concentration of cells in leaves and transpiration rate with N, P and K fertilizers at different quantities. [Result] N, P and K fertilizers at different quantities have ef- fects on photosynthetic indices. In detail, N, P and K fertilizer at appropriate quanti- ties enhanced LAI, Chla＋b, Pn, Cond and Tr, Ci of mulberry leaves in control group without fertilizers was significantly higher than that in treatment groups. N, P and K at proper quantities （N at 600 kg/hm2, P at 210 kg/hm2 and K at 300 kg/hm2） would keep functional leaves well and higher photosynthetic period for a long term. [Conclusion] The research explored adjustment of photosynthetic characteristics and differ- ent treatments on photosynthesis of mulberry, providing reference for construction of excellent and highly-qualified mulberry garden.

关键词： Mulberry balanced fertilization Photosynthetic characteristics

Economically Optimal Rates and Nutrients Use Efficiency Indices of Maize to the Application of Different Rates of Nutrients in Central Rift Valley of Ethiopia

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Agricultural Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 855-878页

作者： Israel Bekele Ethiopian Institute of Agricultural Research Melkassa Agricultural Research Center Adama Ethiopia

The use of balanced fertilizers in adequate amount is very important to increase crop productivity and production in Ethiopia. The study was executed to quantify maize (Zea mays L.) grain yield response to different rates of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sulfur (S) under balanced fertilization of other nutrients. On farm trials were conducted at seven sites on 8 farmers’ fields in Negele Arsi districts, west Arsi zone of Oromia region for three consecutive cropping seasons (2014-2016). Six rates of N, P, S and eight rates of K treatments established separately for each nutrient were laid out in randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replicates per farm. Nutrient response function modelling showed that 184, 20 and 80 kg•ha−1 were the agronomic optimum rate for N, P, and K, respectively. Mean agronomic efficiency (AE) of N, P and K were recorded at the lower rates of these nutrients, application of 46, 10 and 20 kg•ha−1 N, P and K resulted in 19.1, 61.0, and 24 kg additional grain yield•kg−1 N, P and K, respectively. Also, the mean partial factor productivity (PFP) of N, P and K were 77.6, 370 and 158 kg additional grain•kg−1 applied N, P and K respectively. Economically optimal rate (EOR) of N, P and K were 48 - 114 kg•ha−1 N with CP 8 - 3.5, 12 - 20 kg•ha−1 P with CP 18 - 4.5 and 32 - 53 kg•ha−1 K with CP 8-4, from these rates net returns of US$487.23 - 143.30, US$698.16 - 498.3 and US$359.31 - 193.63 could be obtained respectively. To conclude, application of 84, 12 and 40 kg•ha−1 N, P and K could be recommended for the production of maize.

关键词： Agronomic Efficiency balanced fertilization Economic Optimal Rate Maize Yield Nutrient Response Function Partial Factor Productivity

Effect of balanced Application of Potash Fertilizer on the Yield of Rice Yongyou 15 and Soil Nutrient Content

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Asian Agricultural Research 2017年第3期9卷 93-95,105页

作者： Xiaoxia LIU Zhe ZHANG Guangfeng WANG Lingli LU Junjun WANG Yiding CHEN Zhejiang Agricultural Technology Extension Center Soil and Fertilizer Station of Lanxi Municipal Bureau of Agriculture Zhejiang Zhenong Agricultural Science and Technology Co. Ltd. Zhejiang AMP International Co. Ltd.

By the field experiment,we set up the treatments of non-application of potash fertilizer,conventional fertilization,balanced fertilization and halved application of potash fertilizer,and studied the effect of different treatments on rice yield and soil nutrient content. The results showed that compared with non-application of potash fertilizer,conventional fertilization and balanced fertilization significantly increased the spike length,thousand kernel weight,yield and total potassium content of the stalk,as well as soil organic matter,total nitrogen and available phosphorus content; compared with conventional fertilization,the balanced fertilization did not significantly increase the rice growth and yield,but effectively increased rice grain total nitrogen,stalk total nitrogen and total phosphorus content,as well as soil available phosphorus and available potassium content. It could be found that potash fertilizer played a certain role in increasing rice yield and soil nutrient content,and the balanced fertilization had the most significant effect.

关键词： balanced fertilization Potash fertilizer Yield Rice Nutrients