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Neem by-products in the fight against mosquito-borne diseases:Biotoxicity of neem cake fractions towards the rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies(Diptera:Culicidae)

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2016年第6期6卷 472-476页

作者： Balamurugan Chandramohan Kadarkarai Murugan Pari Madhiyazhagan Kalimuthu Kovendan Palanisamy Mahesh Kumar Chellasamy Panneerselvam Devakumar Dinesh Jayapal Subramaniam Rajapandian Rajaganesh Marcello Nicoletti Angelo Canale Giovanni Benelli Division of Entomology Department of ZoologySchool of Life SciencesBharathiar University Department of Biology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of Tabuk Department of Environmental Biology Sapienza University of Rome Department of Agriculture Food and EnvironmentUniversity of Pisa

Objective: To evaluate the ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal potential of neem cake fractions of different polarity against the rural malaria vector Anopheles culicifacies(***).Methods: Neem cake fractions' total methanol extract(NTMeOH), total ethyl acetate extract(NTAc OEt), ethyl acetate fraction after repartition with NTMe OH(NRAc OEt),butanol fraction after repartition with NTMeOH(NRBuOH), and aqueous fraction after repartition of NTMeOH(NRH2O) were tested against An. culicifacies eggs, fourth instar larvae and ***: In larvicidal experiments, NTMeOH, NTAcOEt, NRAcOEt, NRBuOH and NRH2O achieved LC50 values of 1.32, 1.50, 1.81, 1.95 and 2.54 mg/L, respectively. All fractions tested at 150 mg/L were able to reduce egg hatchability of more than 50%, with the exception of NTAc OEt and NRAc OEt. In adulticidal assays, NTMeOH, NTAcOEt,NRAcOEt, NRBuOH and NRH2O achieved LC50 values of 3.01, 2.95, 3.23, 3.63 and3.00 mg/L, ***: Overall, this study suggests that the methanolic fractions of neem cake may be considered as a new and cheap source of highly effective compounds against the rural malaria vector An. culicifacies.

关键词： Arbovirus azadirachta indica Biosafety Botanical by-products Eco-friendly pesticides Mosquito-borne diseases

Review on pharmacological and toxicologyical effects of oleum azadirachti oil

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第10期3卷 834-840页

作者： Khaled MM Koriem Medical Physiology Department National Research CentreDokkiGizaEgypt Advanced Medical and Dental Institute(AMDI) Universiti Sains Malaysia(USM)Malaysia

Oleum azadirachti consists of the oil obtained from dried seeds of azadirachta indica ***.(family:Meliaceae).Local names of azadirachta indica *** Abodua,aforo-oyinbo,anwe egyane,arista,azad dirakht,azadarakht,azedarach and bead *** to India,and widely distributed in South and South-East Asia and cultivated in Africa,the South Pacific Islands,South and Central America and Australia,and in southern Florida and California,United States of America,it is a straight-boled deciduous tree,which is 6-25 m *** is dark-brown,externally fissured with a buff inner surface and fibrous fracture,Leaves alternately arranged,pinnately compound and up to 40 cm long,and composed of 8-18 short-petiolate narrow-ovate,pointed and curved toothed leaflets,3-10 cm long and 1-4 cm wide arranged in alternate *** major constituents are oxidized tetranortriterpenes including azadirachtin(azadirachtin A),azadiriadione,epoxyazadiradione,azadirone,nimbidin,nimbin,deacelylnimbin,salannin,gedunin,mahmoodin,17-hydroxydiradione and related *** is of various medicinal uses,such as a contraceptive for intravaginal use,a mosquito repellent,and treatment of vaginal infections,treatment of gastric ulcers,cardiovascular disease,malaria,rheumatism and skin disorders,external applications for treatment of septic wounds,ulcers and boils,treatment of allergic skin reactions,asthma,bruises,colic,conjunctivitis,dysmenorrhoea,fever,gout,headache,itching due to varicella,kidney stones,leukorrhoea,psoriasis,scabies,sprains and muscular pain,and *** is also used as an ***,stomatic and *** conclusion,the plant oil had antifertility,antihyperglycaemic,anti-inflammatory,antimicrobial,antiviral,antiulcer,estrogenic,immune,contraceptive,autibacterial,insect repellent,and skin treatment effects.

关键词： Oleum azadirachti azadirachta indica Meliaceae Pharmacology Toxicology

Evaluation of larvicidal efficacy and phytochemical potential of some selected indigenous plant against <i>Anopheles gambiense</i>and <i>Culex quinquefasciatus</i>

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2013年第12期4卷 1128-1133页

作者： Love Nma Allison Kelechi Stanley Dike Finnian Nlemadim Opara Monica Nweke Ezike Anthonia Nnenna Amadi Department of Animal and Environmental Biology Imo State University Owerri Nigeria Department of Biology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Biotechnology Federal University of Technology Owerri Nigeria Department of Zoology Micheal Okpara Federal University of Agriculture Umudike Nigeria Microbiology Unit Department of Science Laboratory Technology Imo State Polytechnic Umuagwo Nigeria

azadirachta indica, Citrus sinensis, Cymbopogon citratus and Annona squamosa were screened and evaluated for their phytochemical composition and larvicidal effects on Anopheles gambiense and Culex quinquefasciatus. The bioassay results showed that the effects were dependent on time and concentration of extract used. Cymbopogon citratus and Citrus sinesis at 20 mg/ml had the highest mortality effect on Anopheles gambiense after 72 h. Citrus sinensis was more effective against Culex quinquefasciatus. Aqueous extracts of these plants were found to have less larvicidal effect against the mosquito vectors. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids in all herbs. Alkaloids were present in Citrus sinensis, Cymbopogon citratus and Annona squamosa while Citrus sinesis and azadirachta indica were positive for tannins.

关键词： azadirachta indica Citrus sinensis Cymbopogon citratus Annona squamosa Anopheles gambiense Culex quinquefasciatus Larvicidal Mosquitoes Effect

Effect of a 5% Neem Solution on the Presence of Ticks in Cattle in Two Locations in Jalisco, Mexico

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2019年第12期9卷 185-193页

作者： Esther Albarrán-Rodríguez Paloma Del Rosario Del Real Quezada Manuel Rosales Cortés Guillermo Nolasco Rodríguez Lucia García Delgado Guillermo Ruíz Cano Héctor Marcelo Cruz Alba División de Ciencias Veterinarias Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias Universidad de Guadalajara Jalisco Mexico Laboratorios DESPPO. S.A. de C.V. Tepatitlán de Morelos Jalisco México

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of a 5% neem extract on the presence of ticks. Forty creole cattle were used, divided into four groups: 2 experimental and 2 controls, in the towns of Cocula and El Chante, Jalisco. The tick count was by direct palpation, and with an acarometer (25 cm2). Eight body regions were evaluated: neck, thorax, flank and thigh, left and right. At zero time, after the initial tick count, it was applied by spraying and once, the 5% neem extract, at a dose of 10 ml/L. Ticks were quantified at 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 42 days post-treatment. The data were subjected to descriptive statistical analysis and Sum of Kruskal-Wallis Ranges (α = 0.05) (SigmaStat 3.1). In Cocula, at zero time, the average of ticks was in neck 32, in thorax 64, in flanks 96 and in thighs 129 (average per animal 323 ticks). In subsequent sampling, the average decreased in the experimental group to 1 or 4 parasites. In “El Chante”, an average of 60 ticks was found at the time of the neck, in the thorax 121, in flanks 181 and in thighs 242 (average per animal 600 ticks). In subsequent sampling, the average decreased in the experimental group, with averages of 1 to 4. Statistical differences (p ≤ 0.001) were found between the groups. It can be concluded that 5% neem extract has a repellent and tick effect in cattle for at least 42 days.

关键词： Tick Boophilus Neem azadirachta indica Cattle

Bacteriological Analysis and Public Health Impact of Broiler Meat: A Study on Nalitabari Paurosova, Sherpur, Bangladesh

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Advances in Microbiology 2019年第7期9卷 581-601页

作者： Md. Omar Faruque Shahin Mahmud Md. Abul Munayem Razia Sultana Md. Tarek Molla Md. Firoz Ali Muhammad Wasim Sourav Sarker Fatematuz Zuhura Evamoni Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University Santosh Tangail Bangladesh Department of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering Noakhali Science and Technology University Sonapur Noakhali Bangladesh

Broiler meat is one of the most important protein sources for Bangladeshi people. Food-borne diseases associated with the consumption of poultry meat and its processed products are of public health concern worldwide. An investigation was conducted to assess the bacteriological quality of poultry meat from some poultry farms and its health impact on consumer of Nalitabari paurosova, Sherpur district, Bangladesh. Total 15 samples were randomly selected and collected from different poultry farms on the basis of farms level and size. Bacteriological quality of the samples was assessed by following the standard microbiological methods. The health impact was evaluated with the help of semi-structured based questionnaire of 400 peoples. The average value of TVC and TCC were found as 4.3 × 106 CFU/g and 3.6 × 104 CFU/g respectively. In this study, the prevalence of fecal coliform was recorded as 33% and the presence of E. coli in 53% samples. The mean value of Salmonella spp. of meat samples was 4.6 × 103 CFU/g. No Shigella spp., Vibrio spp. and fungal species were detected in any sample. Some selected isolates were tested for their sensitivity against some commercially available common antibiotics used in Bangladesh. E. coli was 80% resistance to Ampicillin and 90% sensitive to Ciprofloxacin whereas Salmonella spp. showed 100% resistance to Ampicillin and 80% sensitivity to Ciprofloxacin. The antibacterial activity of renowned medicinal plant azadirachta indica was also evaluated against some multidrug resistance bacteria. The inhibitory zone of both 30% methanolic and ethanolic extracts of azadirachta indica was 12 mm and 12.3 mm, where 40% methanolic and ethanolic extracts were 14 mm and 16.3 mm against E. coli. The 40% ethanolic extract showed the better activity between them. The plant extract has no activity against Salmonella spp.. Awareness and health impact of broiler meat was determined among the people of different sectors on the basis of educational qualificatio

关键词： Broiler Meat Total Viable Count (TVC) Total Coliform Count (TCC) Antibiotic azadirachta indica Public Health Nalitabari

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农药型印楝良种“三元515”

林业科技通讯 2019年第2期 54-54页

作者：彭兴民吴疆翀张燕平郑益兴王有琼马李一刘娟罗彰赵培仙赵保荣段琼芬中国林业科学研究院资源昆虫研究所昆明650224 元阳县林业局云南元阳662400 元谋县林业局云南元谋651300 元江县林业局云南元江653300

"三元515"印楝(azadirachta indica ‘Sanyuan 515’)是从引种印楝的实生林分中,采用选择育种的方法经表型选择、无性系测定、区域性试验和生产性试验等育种程序培育的农药型印楝优良无性系品种。优质丰产,嫁接亲和性好,适应性强。适于... 详细信息

"三元515"印楝(azadirachta indica ‘Sanyuan 515’)是从引种印楝的实生林分中,采用选择育种的方法经表型选择、无性系测定、区域性试验和生产性试验等育种程序培育的农药型印楝优良无性系品种。优质丰产,嫁接亲和性好,适应性强。适于营建印楝优质农药原料林,生产印楝农药或印楝药肥原体。

关键词：印楝 azadirachta indica 'Sanyuan 515’ 种子印楝素良种农药植物

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农药型印楝良种“三元505”

林业科技通讯 2019年第4期 47-47页

"三元505"印楝(azadirachta indica‘Sanyuan 505’)是从引种印楝的实生林分中,采用选择育种的方法经表型选择、无性系测定、区域性试验和生产性试验等育种程序培育的农药型印楝优良无性系品种。优质丰产,嫁接亲和性好,适应性强。适于... 详细信息

"三元505"印楝(azadirachta indica‘Sanyuan 505’)是从引种印楝的实生林分中,采用选择育种的方法经表型选择、无性系测定、区域性试验和生产性试验等育种程序培育的农药型印楝优良无性系品种。优质丰产,嫁接亲和性好,适应性强。适于营建印楝优质农药原料林,生产印楝农药或印楝药肥原体。

关键词：印楝 azadirachta indica A.Juss. 种子印楝素良种农药植物