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Ethnobotanical profiling of the medicinal flora of Kotli,azad Jammu and kashmir,Pakistan:Empirical reflections on multinomial logit specifications

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第5期10卷 478-488页

作者： Muhammad Shoaib Amjad Muhammad Arshad Abdul Saboor Sue Page Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari Department of Botany PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Botany Women University of Azad Jammu & Kashmir Department of Economics PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Department of Geography University of Leicester

Objective:To report the indigenous people's uses of plants from a multidimensional perspective in a remote area where strong ethnobotanical cultural practices prevail. Methods:An ethnobotanical survey was conducted in the field during 2014-2016. Ethnobotanical data were gathered from 182 informants through oral interviews and semi-structured questionnaires. The distribution of plants was explored using both descriptive and graphical methods. Further,a Multinomial Logit Specification was applied to find out the probability of the occurrence of diverse utilization of plants in multipurpose domains. Results:The study identified 202 plant species distributed among 71 families and 156 genera. Ethnobotanical data indicate that there are more medicinal(36.96%) uses of plants as compared to all other use categories. The output from the Multinomial Logit Specifications(MLS) model reveals that perennial and non-woody plants are exploited more for medicinal and food uses than annual and woody plants. In the context of ethnomedicinal uses,aerial plant parts particularly leaves are more extensively used for the preparation of herbal recipes as compared to underground parts. Conclusions:The results of the study emphasize the need to create awareness among the local communities about the conservation status of plant species in order to maintain a sustainable resource of plant-derived materials into the future. The novel econometric approach employed in this study adds a new insightful methodology to the existing body of literature in the field of ethnobotany. We strongly recommend conservation measures,alongside phytochemical and pharmacological studies on the useful plant species identified in this study in order to ensure their sustainable and effective utilization.

关键词： Ethnobotany Medicinal uses Multinomial logit Kotli azad kashmir Pakistan

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Mineral Resources of Gilgit Baltistan and azad kashmir, Pakistan: An Update

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Open Journal of Geology 2020年第6期10卷 661-702页

作者： Muhammad Sadiq Malkani Geological Survey of Pakistan Muzaffarabad Azad Kashmir Pakistan

The Gilgit-Baltistan Province and azad kashmir regions are rich in mineral and natural resources. The gemstones, marbles and many other economic mineralizations are significant but these regions are relatively far from central and southern commercial areas of Pakistan. The gemstones of Gilgit-Baltistan Province are famous worldwide especially from Hunza and Skardu regions. The azad kashmir region also has a share of gemstone especially from the upper approaches of Neelam valley and marble, construction materials, coal, clays and other minerals found from different areas of azad kashmir. There is no common previous availability of comprehensive papers providing mineral data of Gilgit-Baltistan Province and azad kashmir regions. This report provides a quick view of mineral resources occurred in the Gilgit-Baltistan and azad kashmir regions.

关键词： Mineral Resources Gilgit Baltistan azad kashmir Pakistan

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