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Condensation of STM is critical for shoot meristem maintenance and salt tolerance in Arabidopsis

Molecular Plant 2023年第9期16卷 1445-1459页

作者： Xiuwei Cao Qingwei Du Yahe Guo Ying Wang Yuling Jiao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research(Beijing) Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyThe Innovative Academy of Seed DesignChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China College of Life Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Beijing Agro-Biotechnology Research Center Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry SciencesBeijing 100097China State Key Laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research School of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Center for Quantitative BiologyAcademy for Advanced Interdisciplinary StudiesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in WeifangWeifangShandong 261325China College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The shoot meristem generates the entire shoot system and is precisely maintained throughout the life cycle under various environmental *** this study,we identified a prion-like domain(PrD)in the key shoot meristem regulator SHOOT meristemLESS(STM),which distinguishes STM from other related KNOX1 *** demonstrated that PrD stimulates STM to form nuclear condensates,which are required for maintaining the shoot *** nuclear condensate formation is stabilized by selected PrD-containing STM-interacting BELL proteins in vitro and in ***,condensation of STM promotes its interaction with the Mediator complex subunit MED8 and thereby enhances its transcriptional ***,condensate formation emerges as a novel regulatory mechanism of shoot meristem ***,we found that the formation of STM condensates is enhanced upon salt stress,which allows enhanced salt tolerance and increased shoot *** findings highlight that the transcription factor partitioning plays an important role in cell fate determination and might also act as a tunable environmental acclimation mechanism.

关键词： intrinsically disordered proteins KNOX1 shoot apical meristem biomolecular condensate salt stress axillary meristem

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Genetic and environmental control of rice tillering

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作物学报:英文版 2023年第5期11卷 1287-1302页

作者： Yuping Yan Chaoqing Ding Guangheng Zhang Jiang Hu Li Zhu Dali Zeng Qian Qian Deyong Ren State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006ZhejiangChina

Increasing tiller number is a target of high-yield rice breeding. Identification of tiller-defect mutants and their corresponding genes is helpful for clarifying the molecular mechanism of rice tillering. Summarizing research progress on the two processes of rice tiller formation, namely the formation and growth of axillary meristem, this paper reviews the effects of genetic factors, endogenous hormones, and exogenous environment on rice tillering, finding that multiple molecular mechanisms and signal pathways regulating rice tillering cooperate rice tillering, and discusses future research objectives and application of its regulatory mechanism. Elucidation of theis mechanism will be helpful for breeding high-yielding rice cultivars with ideal plant type via molecular design breeding.

关键词： Rice tiller axillary meristem Tiller bud Genetic and external factors Regulatory mechanism

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MicroRNA171c-Targeted SCL6-Ⅱ, SCL6-Ⅲ, and SCL6-Ⅳ Genes Regulate Shoot Branching in Arabidopsis

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Molecular Plant 2010年第5期3卷 794-806页

作者： Long Wang Yan-Xia Mai Yan-Chun Zhang Qian Luo Hong-Quan Yang National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China School of Agriculture and Biology Shanghai Jiaotong University Shanghai 200240 China

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are -21-nucleotide noncoding RNAs that play critical roles in regulating plant growth and development through directing the degradation of target mRNAs. axillary meristem activity, and hence shoot branching, is influenced by a complicated network that involves phytohormones such as auxin, cytokinin, and strigolactone. GAI, RGA, and SCR （GRAS） family members take part in a variety of developmental processes, including axillary bud growth. Here, we show that the Arabidopsis thaliana microRNA171c （miR171c） acts to negatively regulate shoot branching through targeting GRAS gene family members SCARECROW-LIKE6-Ⅱ （SCL6-Ⅱ）, SCL6-Ⅲ, and SCL6-Ⅳ for cleavage. Transgenic plants overexpressing MIR171c （35Spro-MIR171c） and sd6-Ⅱ scl6-Ⅲ scl6-Ⅳ triple mutant plants exhibit a similar reduced shoot branching phenotype. Expression of any one of the miR171c-resistant versions of SCL6-Ⅱ, SCL6-Ⅲ, and SCL6-Ⅳ in 35Spro- MIR171c plants rescues the reduced shoot branching phenotype. Scl6-Ⅱ scl6-Ⅲ scl6-Ⅳ mutant plants exhibit pleiotropic phenotypes such as increased chlorophyll accumulation, decreased primary root elongation, and abnormal leaf and flower patterning. SCL6-Ⅱ, SCL6-Ⅲ, and SCL6-Ⅳ are located to the nucleus, and show transcriptional activation activity. Our results suggest that miR171c-targeted SCL6-Ⅱ, SCL6-Ⅲ, and SCL6-Ⅳ play an important role in the regulation of shoot branch production.

关键词： Arabidopsis thaliana axillary meristem miRNA171 SCL6 shoot branching.

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Overview of Plant Shooting Branch

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Journal of Northeast Agricultural University(English Edition) 2012年第2期19卷 74-85页

作者： Jin Feng Li Yuan Hu Bao-zhong College of Life Sciences Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

The development of plant branching plays a pivotal role in the morphogenesis of plants. It is affected by the genes and also by the environment. Recent studies of plant branching had made great progresses in the development of the branch control of the physiology, biochemistry, functional genomics, comparative genomics and other aspects. Moreover, we got many mutants associated with the branch development from pea, Arabidopsis, petunia, rice, tomato and corn, such as the formation of axillary meristem-related revoluta （rev）, pinhead, monoculml （mocl）, laterral suppressor （ls）, blind/torosa and other mutants. Preliminary study showed that the formation of meristem development was controlled by regulating hormones and transcription factor interaction network, but the development was both conservative and distinctive in different Mycobacterium species

关键词： branching axillary meristem auxin cytokinin molecular mechanism

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Orchestration of a Leaf Axil Stem Cell Niche Establishment by Hormones

Orchestration of a Leaf Axil Stem Cell Niche Establishment b...

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中国遗传学会第九次全国会员代表大会暨学术研讨会

作者： WANG Ying WANG Jin SHI Bihai YU Ting QI Jiyan MEYEROWITZ Elliot JIAO Yuling Jiao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Howard Hughes Medical Institute and Division of Biology California Institute of Technology Sainsbury Laboratory at Cambridge University

Plants differ from many animals in their ability to initiate new cycles of growth and development,which rely on the establishment and activity of branch meristems harboring new stem cell *** the ecologically dominant seed plants,this is achieved by axillary meristems(AMs), which are established in the axil of each leaf base and develop into lateral *** we describe the initial processes of Arabidopsis AM *** find AMs initiate from leaf axil cells with low auxin through stereotypical stages of reporter gene ***,ectopic overproduction of auxin in the leaf axil efficiently inhibits AM ***,our results demonstrate that auxin efflux is required for the leaf axil auxin minimum and *** lowering of auxin levels,a subsequent cytokinin signaling pulse is observed prior to AM *** analysis suggests that cytokinin perception and signaling are both required for AM initiation Finally,we show that cytokinin overproduction in the leaf axil rescue AM initiation-deficient *** observations and experiments provide a mechanistic framework for understanding AM initiation,which has implications for land plant development and for crop improvement

关键词： axillary meristem auxin cytokinin

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Regulation of a meristematic cell population acting in shoot branching in Arabidopsis

Regulation of a meristematic cell population acting in shoot...

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2016年全国植物生物学大会

作者： Yuling Jiao State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences

Shoot branching requires the establishment of new meristems harboring stem cells;this phenomenon raises questions about the precise regulation of meristematic fate. In seed plants,these new meristems initiate in leaf axils to enable lateral shoot branching. Using live-cell imaging of leaf axil cells,we show that the initiation of axillary meristems requires a meristematic cell population continuously expressing the meristem marker SHOOT meristemLESS(STM). The maintenance of STM expression depends on the leaf axil auxin minimum. Ectopic expression of STM is insufficient to activate axillary buds formation from plants that have lost leaf axil STM expressing cells. This suggests that some cells undergo irreversible commitment to a developmental fate. In more mature leaves,REVOLUTA(REV) directly up-regulates STM expression in leaf axil meristematic cells,but not in differentiated cells,to establish axillary meristems. Finally,leaf axil cytokinin signaling pulse,likely resulting from the enhanced STM levels,de novo activates local WUS expression to promote axillary bud formation. In particular,typeB ARABIDOPSIS RESPONSE REGULATORs(ARRs),transcriptional activators in the cytokinin signaling pathway,directly bind to the WUS promoter to activate its expression. Cell type-specific binding of REV to the STM region,and ARRs to the WUS region,correlate with epigenetic modifications. Our data favor a threshold model for axillary meristem initiation,in which low levels of STM maintain meristematic competence and high levels of STM lead to cytokinin signalling pulse,WUS expression,and axillary bud formation.

关键词： axillary meristem stem cell meristem

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