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The presence of eucalyptol in Artemisia australis validates its use in traditional Hawaiian medicine

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2014年第7期4卷 520-522页

作者： David Zant Daniel A.Gubler Department of Biochemistry and Physical Sciences Brigham Young University-Hawaii

Objective:To identify the major organic compounds of Artemisia austeralis(***),a plant used in traditional Hawaiian medicine for the treatment of ***:The dichloromethane extract of *** was analyzed by gas chromatography—mass spectroscopy and major compounds were identified by a National Institute of Standards and Technology library search and confirmed by peak enhancement Results:The major chemical components of *** include ***,and ***:The presence and biological activity of eucalyptol correlate very well with the usage of this plant in traditional Hawaiian medicine.

关键词： Artemisia australis Eucalyptol Borneol Traditional Hawaiian medicine Asthma Hawaiian endemic plants

Identification of Alternariaspp. as Pathogenic on the Native Species Terminalia australisand Salvia guaranitica

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2013年第6期4卷 36-41页

作者： Mariana Kameniecki Eduardo R. Wright Marta C. Rivera Plant Pathology School of Agronomy University of Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

This work is the result of activities included in the cooperative project between Asociación Ribera Norte (ARN) and the Department of Plant Pathology, School of Agronomy, University of Buenos Aires. ARN is a non-governmental organization created in 1993 mainly for the management of the Reserva Ecológica Municipal Ribera Norte, a preservation area located in San Isidro (North of Buenos Aires), within the Provincia Paranaense region. The aims were to identify diseases in native plant species growing there. Light brown leaf spots with thin brown margins and narrow yellow halos were observed on Terminalia australis (mean disease severity: 25%). The pathogen was isolated, inoculated on healthy plants, reisolated from infected leaves and identified as Alternaria tenuissima. Similarly, another leaf-spot disease was observed on Salvia guaranitica, characterized by reddish brown large spots developed from the apexes and margins towards the centre of the leaves, reaching the veins in some cases (mean severity: 20%). Pathogen isolation, inoculation and reisolation led to the identification of A. alternata as the causal agent of the disease. Unusual heavy rain is analyzed as disease conductive.

关键词： Alternaria tenuissima Terminalia australis A. alternata Salvia guaranitica Diagnosis

Spatial and temporal distribution of the gastropod Heleobia australis in an eutrophic estuarine system suggests a metapopulation dynamics

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Natural Science 2010年第8期2卷 860-867页

作者： Carlos Alejandro Echeverría Raquel A. F. Neves Leandro A. Pessoa Paulo C. Paiva 不详

Hydrobiidae is one of the most diverse taxa among limnic and estuarine mollusks. Patterns of spatial and seasonal distribution of Heleobia australis were studied in ten stations over two years, in the urban eutrophic bay of Guanabara, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Spatial dispersal strategies in adults of this species, analyzed in the laboratory, revealed three patterns: 1) mobility on soft sediments;2) mobility on hard substrata;and 3) the ability to lift from the bottom to the surface, to again sink down. This facilitate species movement from one location to another by surface currents or attached to floating debris. Thus, individuals are able to escape from an impacted area and further re-colonize other patches after recovering from local impacts. The hypothesis of metapopulation dynamics (source– sink) was analyzed. Two stations with high and constant numbers of individuals were grouped and tested as possible ‘sources’. The number of specimens in the remaining stations was highly variable, even with the complete disappearance and posterior highly dense re-occurrence of the mollusk, whereby these were tested as possible ‘sinks’. Results derived from nested ANOVA supported the hypothesis of metapopulation dynamics in the case of H. australis adults, ex-pressed through opportunistic-species domi- nation of a highly impacted estuarine system, such as Guanabara Bay.

关键词： Metapopulation Benthic Macrofauna Population Dynamics Heleobia australis Guanabara Bay

外来种互花米草和土著种芦苇空中凋落物氮动态的比较研究

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生物多样性 2010年第6期18卷 631-637页

作者：廖成章唐小平程小玲李博骆亦其国家林业局调查规划设计院北京100714 复旦大学生物多样性与生态工程教育部重点实验室长江河口湿地生态系统野外科学观测研究站上海200433

土壤氮含量是限制植物生长的重要因素,所以入侵植物要入侵成功必须突破土壤氮限制的瓶颈。近年来,外来种互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)在中国海岸带盐沼中快速取代土著种芦苇(Phragmites australis),引起了多方面的生态学后果。为了... 详细信息

土壤氮含量是限制植物生长的重要因素,所以入侵植物要入侵成功必须突破土壤氮限制的瓶颈。近年来,外来种互花米草(Spartina alterniflora)在中国海岸带盐沼中快速取代土著种芦苇(Phragmites australis),引起了多方面的生态学后果。为了解互花米草与本地种芦苇空中凋落物的氮含量是否存在差异及产生这种差异的机制,2003年11月至2004年4月,作者在长江口九段沙湿地对互花米草与芦苇空中凋落物氮含量(单位面积凋落物的总氮量,Ng/m2)进行了测定,结果表明互花米草的氮含量比芦苇高。在空中分解过程中,互花米草茎(包括叶鞘与秆)凋落物的氮含量显著上升,但芦苇茎凋落物的氮含量显著降低。2006年1月,又对中国海岸带6个地点的盐沼中互花米草的凋落物进行取样和氮浓度测定,发现互花米草空中叶鞘与秆的老凋落物(2004年冬季产生)的氮浓度均显著高于其新产生的凋落物(2005年冬季产生),表明在空中分解过程中,互花米草叶鞘与秆凋落物氮含量增加具有普遍性。进一步的温室受控实验结果表明,互花米草凋落物氮含量增加可能是由腐生固氮微生物引起的。以上结果表明,互花米草取代芦苇后,改变了空中凋落物的氮动态,增加了生态系统中氮的输入,可能有利于互花米草的快速扩张。

关键词：氮动态 Spartina alterniflora 空中凋落物 Phragmites australis 植物入侵

Assessment of Hybrid Concentrated Solar Power-Biomass Plant Generation Potential in Sahel: Case Study of Senegal

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Natural Resources 2017年第8期8卷 531-547页

作者： Ababacar Thiam Cheikh Mbow Mactar Faye Pascal Stouffs Dorothé Azilinon Efficiency and Energetic Systems Research Group Alioune Diop University Bambey Senegal Laboratoire d’Energétique Appliquée Ecole Supérieure Polytechnique Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Faculté des Sciences et Technique Université Cheikh Anta Diop Dakar Senegal Latep Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour Pau France

Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) is non-existent in Sahel. Such a situation arises from the high investment costs required by these energy infrastructures and from a lack of information on the identification of suitable sites to accommodate them. Conversely, CSP-biomass plants due to lower investment may be an option for CSP penetration in Sahel where Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) is between 1400 kWh/m2/year and 2000 kWh/m2/year and significant biomass potential. This work presents the results of an identification of suitable sites for hybrid CSP-Biomass in the Sahel, case study of Senegal, taking into account the Direct Normal Irradiation, the availability of water, space and biomass potential. The identified sites have a DNI > 1600 kWh/m2/year. The biogas production capacity is equivalent to 5,096,563 m3/year. The quantity of Typha australis, invasive plant in Senegal river valley available is estimated at more than 3 million tons. The capacity of electrical energy in this zone is estimated at 6.89 GWe for an installation surface estimated at 275.61 km2. The establishment of CSP/hybrid plants can also contribute to combat the proliferation of Typha australis.

关键词： Biomass Concentrating Solar Power (CSP) Direct Normal Irradiation (DNI) Hybrid Typha australis

Assessment of Minor and Trace Elements in Aquatic Macrophytes, Soils and Bottom Sediments Collected along Different Water Objects in the Black Sea Coastal Zone by Using Neutron Activation Analysis

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American Journal of Analytical Chemistry 2017年第4期8卷 225-244页

作者： Pavel Nekhoroshkov Alexandra Kravtsova Alexander Kamnev Olga Bun’kova Octavian Duliu Marina Frontasyeva Igor Yermakov Frank Laboratory of Neutron Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research Dubna Russia Faculty of Biology Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia Faculty of Soil Science Lomonosov Moscow State University Moscow Russia Department of the Structure of Matter Earth and Atmospheric Physics and Astrophysics Faculty of Physics University of Bucharest Bucharest Romania

The levels and compartmentalization of Na, Mg, Al, Cl, K, Ca, Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr, Mo, Sb, I, Cs, Ba, La, Ce, Sm, Eu, Tb, Hf, Ta, Au, Th, and U in Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud., Carex conescens L. and Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing from the Caucasian coast of the Black Sea-Anapa recreational region was investigated by Neutron Activation Analysis. The study touches upon subject of the sediment-to-plant and root-to-leaf elemental transfer as well as of the influence of anthropogenic pollution on wetland ecosystems in zone of resort. The content of the majority of considered elements was found higher in the belowground organs of P. australis than in the aboveground tissues while a reverse regularity was evidenced for C. conescens. The levels of elements decrease from bottom sediments to aquatic plants with the notable exception of the halogens Cl, Br and I that presented 5 to 100 fold higher content in plants than in sediments. The increased levels of As, Mo, and Sb in some soil and sediment samples most probably indicate the anthropogenic pollution. It recommends them for a continuous monitoring of the same area.

关键词： Trace Elements Neutron Activation Analysis The Black Sea Phragmites australis (Cav.) Trin. ex Steud. Carex conescens L. Cladophora sericea (Hudson) Kutzing

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兰州发现为害菊花的南方菟丝子

植物检疫 1990年第4期4卷 280-281页

作者：王克恭严双全甘肃省农业科学院植物保护研究所

我院60年代前以繁育小麦、蔬菜、果树为主,兼种些豆类。50年代末发现菟丝子(Cuscuta sp.)为害豌豆。60年代以来豌豆地改种果树后再未发现其为害过任何作物。1988年我们在兼管全院植物检疫中,发现从外地移栽到我院的白菊花上有南方菟丝子... 详细信息

我院60年代前以繁育小麦、蔬菜、果树为主,兼种些豆类。50年代末发现菟丝子(Cuscuta sp.)为害豌豆。60年代以来豌豆地改种果树后再未发现其为害过任何作物。1988年我们在兼管全院植物检疫中,发现从外地移栽到我院的白菊花上有南方菟丝子 Cuscuta australis ***.的为害,虽为初发,也使10余株菊花生长低矮,不能开花,其中3株早死。

关键词：南方菟丝子 Cuscuta 植物检疫无根草孔宪武 australis 寄生关系花冠裂片存活数吸器

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蝎毒中的哺乳动物神经毒素的生化研究

生理科学进展 1986年第3期 234-239页

作者：吉永华徐科中国科学院上海生理研究所中国科学院上海生理研究所

全世界近800种蝎子,其中对人构成危害的约50种。据估计,全世界每年约有15万起蝎蜇伤事故。在墨西哥,主要由centruroides 蝎子引起的蜇伤事故,每年达7万起,其中约有1200例死亡。在巴西,常见的蝎子蜇伤事故主要是由tityus 引起的,其死亡... 详细信息

全世界近800种蝎子,其中对人构成危害的约50种。据估计,全世界每年约有15万起蝎蜇伤事故。在墨西哥,主要由centruroides 蝎子引起的蜇伤事故,每年达7万起,其中约有1200例死亡。在巴西,常见的蝎子蜇伤事故主要是由tityus 引起的,其死亡率在成年人为0.8～1.4%,8～16岁为3～5%,8岁以下儿童则高达15～20%。在北非,80%的蝎蜇伤病例和95%的死亡例被认为是由androctonus australis 蝎子造成的。Belozet(1964)报

关键词：蜇伤蝎毒神经毒素生化研究 australis 氨基酸残基毒素蛋白钠通道活性部位离子通道

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生物防治

生物技术通报 1992年第7期8卷 59-62页

922568 开发表达昆虫专性神经毒素的杆状病毒用作生防剂的潜力[英]/McCutchen,B.F.…∥Bio/Technology.-1991,9(9).-848～852E译自DBA,1991,10(25),91-14753] 将编码蝎子Androctonus australis昆虫专性毒素(AaIT)的DNA片段插入苜蓿银纹... 详细信息

关键词：杆状病毒苜蓿银纹夜蛾启动子基因融合芽抱杆菌核多角体病毒晶体蛋白 australis 专性多角体