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Randomized trial estimating effects of hypnosis versus progressive muscle relaxation on medical students’test anxiety and attentional bias

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2022年第6期12卷 801-813页

作者： Yang Zhang Xin-Xin Yang Jing-Yi Luo Meng Liang Ni Li Qian Tao Li-Jun Ma Xiao-Ming Li Affiliated Psychological Hospital Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032Anhui ProvinceChina The Fourth People’s Hospital Hefei 230032Anhui ProvinceChina Anhui Mental Health Center Hefei 230032Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Medical Psychology School of Mental Health and Psychological ScienceAnhui Medical UniversityHefei 230032Anhui ProvinceChina Department of Psychology School of Basic MedicineJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632Guangdong ProvinceChina Department of Psychology Anqing Normal UniversityAnqing 246011Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Test anxiety is prevalent among medical students and leads to impaired academic performance.Test-related attentional bias has been identified as an important maintaining factor in test-anxious individuals.AIM To evaluate whether hypnosis and progressive muscle relaxation(PMR)could modify medical college students’test anxiety and attentional bias.METHODS A total of 598 medical students were screened.The participants were divided into higher and lower test anxiety groups according to their scores on the test anxiety scale(TAS).Ninety medical college students with high TAS score were randomly assigned to a hypnosis or PMR group.Another 45 students with low TAS score were included,forming a baseline control group.The intervention was conducted weekly for 6 wk,and each session lasted approximately 30 min.The total intervention time and the number of intervention sessions for the hypnosis and PMR groups were equal.Data were collected at the pretest,posttest,and 2-mo follow-up.RESULTS Hypnosis group participants had a significantly lower TAS score at posttest(t=-21.827,Pattentional bias toward threatening stimuli,but PMR could not.CONCLUSION These results suggest that attentional bias plays an important role in test anxiety treatment.

关键词： Test anxiety Hypnosis Progressive muscle relaxation attentional bias Randomized controlled trial

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attentional bias in Anxious Youth: Clinical Applications

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Psychology Research 2020年第12期10卷 465-479页

作者： Adam S.Weissman The Child&Family Institute Weissman Children’s FoundationNew YorkUSA Teacher’s CollegeColumbia UniversityNew YorkUSA

Over the past decade,the clinical applications of cognitive psychology and neuropsychology methods have increased in popularity,permeating the clinical,education,and public health sectors.At the federal level,NIMH and the Institute of Education Sciences are regarding clinical-translation research as a top priority area for empirical investigation,and several national organizations including APA,the National Academy of Neuropsychology,the Society for Neuroscience,and the Neurocognitive Therapies/Translational Research Special Interest Group are recognizing the important influence of neuroscience and neuropsychology in understanding clinical pathology and guiding intervention plans.This line of inquiry has opened significant avenues for research and innovation in clinical practice,and the study of attentional bias in the etiology,assessment,and treatment of anxiety disorders is one of these important avenues.In recent years,researchers have extended early findings about the neurocognitive processes underpinning threat bias to enhance our understanding of risk factors and mechanisms of anxiety disorders,and inform the development of novel applications for clinical assessment and intervention.However,studies exploring these practical applications of attentional bias and dot probe methodology with anxious children and adolescents lag far behind.The following chapter will briefly review the literature on the clinical implications and direct clinical utility of cognitive psychology methods for measuring attentional threat bias in anxious youth.Applications for enhancing clinical assessment and intervention will be reviewed and discussed.Ultimately,advancing our knowledge of brain-behavior relationships,cognitive mechanisms of therapeutic change,and the efficacy of novel neurocognitive interventions may contribute to a better understanding of emotional and behavior disorders in children and the development of targeted interventions that result in greater treatment efficacy.

关键词： youth anxiety attentional bias neurocognitive therapies neuropsychology clinical psychology clinical neuroscience

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Psychophysiological effects of rhythmic music combined with aerobic exercise in college students with minimal depressive symptoms

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第4期4卷 267-274页

作者： Ping Yang Hui Yang Yang Cao Xin Yang Benxiang He Postdoctoral Research Mobile Station of Sports Science Chengdu Sport UniversityNo.2Tiyuan RoadChengduSichuan610041China Department of Physical Education Shangrao Normal UniversityNo.401Zhimin RoadShangraoJiangxi334001China Department of Physical Education Jiangxi Science and Technology Normal UniversityNo.589Xuefu AvenueHongjiaozhou CampusNanchangJiangxi330036China

Mental health problems are common during the transition from adolescence to young adulthood.Previous studies reported that rhythmic music plus aerobic exercise can have a beneficial effect on emotional state.We examined whether the beneficial effect differed between aerobic exercise interventions with or without rhythmic music.A sample of 94 college students who either had no depressive symptoms(n=47)or minimal depressive symptoms(n=47)underwent 30-min interventions in a randomized and counterbalanced order:rest,rhythmic music,aerobic exercise and aerobic exercise plus rhythmic music.Response time and accuracy of selective attention to positive and negative images were recorded using the spatial cueing paradigm.Participants’heart rate during all conditions and perceived exertion after each condition were measured to clarify physiological and perceptual responses,respectively.The results revealed that a multimodal intervention combining aerobic exercise and rhythmic music had a significant facilitatory effect on attentional bias to positive emotional cues in minimal depressive participants(t=-2.336,p=0.024),including less perceived exertion and higher heart rate after/during the intervention process.The single-modality intervention of aerobic exercise had significant positive effects for individuals with no depressive symptoms(t=2.510,p=0.016).The multimodal intervention was more effective than the single-modality intervention for individuals with minimal depressive symptoms,but the single-modality aerobic exercise intervention was more effective for individuals with no depressive symptoms,providing new evidence for the specificity of the intervention effect for people with different degrees of depressive symptoms.

关键词： Multimodal intervention Depression Aerobic exercise Rhythmic music attentional bias

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汉语婴儿词汇学习的注意偏好

心理学

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心理学 2012年第12期 786-792页

作者：陈杰郑小蓓孟祥芝 Rachel Pulverman Twila Tardif 朱莉琪

婴儿的动、名词词类学习存在跨文化差异，但是很少研究从注意偏好角度解释这类差异。本研究利用习惯化范式考察汉语婴儿在6-8个月和17-19个月时对事件中人物、动作和物体的区分。结果发现，6-8个月的婴儿仅能区分动作变化，对人物和物... 详细信息

婴儿的动、名词词类学习存在跨文化差异，但是很少研究从注意偏好角度解释这类差异。本研究利用习惯化范式考察汉语婴儿在6-8个月和17-19个月时对事件中人物、动作和物体的区分。结果发现，6-8个月的婴儿仅能区分动作变化，对人物和物体无法区分，而17-19个月的婴儿对三类变化均可以区分。本研究提供了婴儿早期注意偏好发展的实验依据，同时为儿童早期单词获得提供了新的理论基础。

关键词：词汇学习名词优势注意偏好动作客体　　word learning noun bias attentional bias situated-action

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状态焦虑对时距知觉的影响：认知评价和注意偏向有调节的中介作用

心理学

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心理学 2019年第11期

作者：刘静远李虹

探讨状态焦虑对时距知觉的影响以及注意偏向与认知评价在其中的中介和调节作用。招募大学生60人，随机分为高、低状态焦虑组，用情绪诱导程序诱导高、低状态焦虑；用点探测范式测量注意偏向；用时间再现任务测量时距知觉；用视觉模拟心... 详细信息

探讨状态焦虑对时距知觉的影响以及注意偏向与认知评价在其中的中介和调节作用。招募大学生60人，随机分为高、低状态焦虑组，用情绪诱导程序诱导高、低状态焦虑；用点探测范式测量注意偏向；用时间再现任务测量时距知觉；用视觉模拟心境量表测量认知评价。结果发现：(1)状态焦虑会导致对2000 ms时距的高估；(2)注意偏向在状态焦虑对2000 ms时距知觉的影响中具有部分中介作用；(3)状态焦虑通过注意偏向影响时距知觉的中介过程受到认知评价的调节作用：只有当认知评价得分较高时，即个体认为焦虑对心理健康有害程度较高时，状态焦虑通过注意偏向影响2000 ms时距知觉。研究结果揭示了焦虑个体时距知觉的内部过程，丰富了焦虑通过注意偏向影响时距知觉的解释视角，为通过认知评价和注意偏向的调整改善焦虑个体时距偏差现象提供了重要参考。

关键词：状态焦虑时距知觉注意偏向认知评价　　state anxiety time perception attentional bias cognitive appraisal

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The effects of experimental pain on pain-related words recognition under controlled processing and automatic processing

The effects of experimental pain on pain-related words recog...

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中国神经科学学会第九届全国学术会议暨第五次会员代表大会

作者： Yanlin LUO,Yaqi SHI,Xueyan FENG,Xin DOU,Yuexiu LI,Junfa LI~* Department of neurobiology,the Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China

＜正＞Aims The effect of experimental moderate pain induced by the tourniquet inflation around the upper limb on the recognition of pain-related words under controlled processing or automatic processing and the difference between them were investigated in this study.Method 32 healthy college students aged from 18 to 22（21.81±2.24） years old including 16 males and 16 females participated in this study.The tourniquet was tied to one side upper limb of subjects 1cm above Cubits horizontal grain.With tourniquet inflation,all subjects were asked to finish the Dot-probe tasks with five kinds of words（affective,sensory,positive,social threat and neutral） by contralateral hand.The tourniquet was inflated to 200 mmHg and kept this pressure until subjects completed the Dot-probe task.In experiment 1,the words were displayed for 100ms in the Dot-probe task,and the words can’t be perceived by subjects. In experiment 2,the words were displayed for 1000 ms,and the words can be perceived.The reaction time and the error rate of recognition task were recorded,and the reformed McGill Pain Questionnaire（MPQ） was filled by subjects after tasks.Results Pain intensity during tasks measured by reformed MPQ showed that moderate pain was induced by tourniquet inflation to 200 mmHg（4.81±1.6）.The data of the reaction time with one factor of displaying time,and another factor of five kinds of words were analyzed by two-way measures analysis of variance（ANOVA）.The results showed that a significant difference was found in the main effect in reaction time between controlled processing and automatic processing（P = 0.027）.Reaction time under automatic processing（481±65 ms） is significantly longer than that of controlled processing（464±70 ms）.Compared automatic processing（476±63 ms） with controlled processing （454±62 ms）,male react more quickly（P = 0.032）.Such difference was not found in female.Two-way ANOVA for the error rate showed no significant difference in the main effect（P = 0.169）.The data of the reaction time or error rate with one factor o

关键词： sex difference tourniquet pain word recognition attentional bias automatic processing

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手机成瘾与抑郁：社交焦虑和负性情绪信息注意偏向的多重中介作用

心理学

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心理学 2021年第8期

作者：侯娟朱英格方晓义

为考察手机成瘾与抑郁的关系，研究同时整合情绪和认知两方面因素，探讨了社交焦虑和负性情绪信息注意偏向在手机成瘾和抑郁之间的多重中介作用。研究1共有545名大学生完成了大学生手机成瘾倾向量表、贝克抑郁量表和社会交往焦虑量表。... 详细信息

为考察手机成瘾与抑郁的关系，研究同时整合情绪和认知两方面因素，探讨了社交焦虑和负性情绪信息注意偏向在手机成瘾和抑郁之间的多重中介作用。研究1共有545名大学生完成了大学生手机成瘾倾向量表、贝克抑郁量表和社会交往焦虑量表。研究2选取51名大学生采用问卷法和2(配对面孔表情的情绪类型：负性、中性)×2(探测点位置：与负性情绪面孔表情同侧、与负性情绪面孔表情异侧)的被试内实验设计。结果表明：(1)手机成瘾、社交焦虑和抑郁两两间存在显著正相关，且社交焦虑在手机成瘾和抑郁之间起完全中介作用；(2)社交焦虑和负性情绪信息注意偏向在手机成瘾与抑郁的关系中起链式中介作用，而负性情绪信息注意偏向在手机成瘾与抑郁间的单独中介效应不显著。具体而言，手机成瘾通过两条路径影响抑郁：一是社交焦虑的单独中介作用；二是社交焦虑→负性情绪信息注意偏向的链式中介作用。

关键词：手机成瘾抑郁社交焦虑负性情绪信息注意偏向　　mobile phone addiction depression social anxiety negative emotional information attentional bias

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