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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第14期11卷 3238-3247页

作者： Ying-Bo Lv Wei Cheng Meng-Hui Wang Xiao-Min Wang Yan-Li Hu Lan-Qiu Lv Pediatric Health Care Section Ningbo Women and Children’s HospitalNingbo 315000Zhejiang ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND Long-term treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is associated with adverse events,such as nausea and vomiting,dizziness,and sleep disturbances,and poor maintenance of late ADHD medication compromises treatment outcomes and prolongs the recovery of patients’social *** To evaluate the effect of non-pharmacological treatment on the full recovery of social functioning in patients with *** A total of 90 patients diagnosed with ADHD between May 2019 and August 2020 were included in the study and randomly assigned to either the pharmacological group(methylphenidate hydrochloride and tomoxetine hydrochloride)or the non-pharmacological group(parental training,behavior modification,sensory integration therapy,and sand tray therapy),with 45 cases in each *** measures included treatment compliance,Swanson,Nolan,and Pelham,Version IV(SNAP-IV)scores,Conners Parent Symptom Questionnaire(PSQ)scores,and Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale(WFIRS)*** The non-pharmacological interventions resulted in significantly higher compliance in patients(95.56%)compared with medication(71.11%)(P0.05).Patients with non-pharmacological interventions showed higher WFIRS scores for family,daily life skills,and self-concept than those in the pharmacological group(Pattention,impulsivity,and hyperactivity,and improve their cognitive ability,thereby improving family relationships and patient self-evaluation.

关键词： Non-pharmacological treatment attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Social functioning Recovery Weiss Functional Impairment Rating Scale scores

Acupuncture for Treating attention deficit hyperactivity disorder:A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine 2011年第4期17卷 257-260页

作者： Myeong Soo Lee Tae-Young Choi Jong-In Kim Lakhyung Kim Edzard Ernst Brain Disease Research Centre Korea Institute of Oriental MedicineDaejeon(305-811)South Korea Complementary Medicine Peninsula College of Medicine and DentistryUniversity of ExeterExeter(EX2 4NT)UK College of Oriental Medicine Kyung Hee University Medical CenterSeoul(130-702)South Korea College of Oriental Medicine Woosuk UniversityWanju(565-701)South Korea

Objective：To assess the effectiveness of acupuncture as a treatment option for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder（ADHD）.Methods：The literatures were searched using 15 databases,including MEDLINE, AMED,CINAHL,EMBASE,Psyclnfo,the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials,the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,six Korean medical databases and two Chinese databases without language *** controlled clinical studies of any type of acupuncture therapy for ADHD autistic patients were *** in which acupuncture was part of a complex intervention were also *** articles were read by two independent reviewers,who extracted data from the articles according to predefined criteria. Risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane risk of bias ***：Of 114 articles,only three randomized clinical trials（RCTs） met our inclusion *** RCT found that electroacupuncture（EA） plus behavioural treatment was superior to sham EA plus behavioural *** RCTs reported a significant benefit of acupuncture or auricular acupuncture over conventional drug ***：Limited evidence exists for the effectiveness of acupuncture as a symptomatic treatment of *** that the risk of bias of the included studies was high,firm conclusions cannot be drawn.

关键词： acupuncture attention deficit hyperactivity disorder systematic review

A Controlled Study of the Effectiveness of EEG Biofeedback Training on Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Journal of Huazhong University of Science and Technology(Medical Sciences) 2005年第3期25卷 368-370页

作者：熊忠贵石淑华徐海青 Department of Child Health Hubei Maternal and Child Hospital Department of Maternal and Child Health School of Public Health Tongji Medical CollegeHuazhong University of Science and Technology

In order to study the treatment of the children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), the integrated visual and auditory continuous performance test (IVA-CPT) was clinically applied to evaluate the effectiveness of electroencephalogram (EEG) biofeedback training. Of all the 60 children with ADHD aged more than 6 years, the effective rate of EEG biofeedback training was 91.6 % after 40 sessions of EEG biofeedback training. Before and after treatment by EEG biofeedback training, the overall indexes of IVA were significantly improved among predominately inattentive, hyperactive, and combined subtype of children with ADHD (P<0.001). It was suggested that EEG biofeedback training was an effective and vital treatment on children with ADHD.

关键词： children attention deficit hyperactivity disorder EEG biofeedback training effectiveness

Postural control and sensory information integration abilities of boys with two subtypes of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder： a case-control study

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Chinese Medical Journal 2014年第24期127卷 4197-4203页

作者： Ren Yuanchun Yu Lishen Yang Li Cheng Jia Feng Lei Wang Yufeng Department of Child Psychiatry Research Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental Health Key Laboratory of Ministry of HealthBeijing 100191 China Institute of Aviation Medicine of Air Force Beijing 100036 China Depression Treatment Center Beijing Anding Hospital Beijing 100124 China

Background attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is one of the most commonly diagnosed psychiatric disorder in childhood. ADHD children with overlapping symptoms and signs of motor problems have more serious prognosis than that of children with ADHD only. However, the motor and sensory processing problems in children with ADHD have not been studied well. Few people adopt the technique of computerized dynamic posturography （CDP） in the study of ADHD, which is applied widely in clinical and laboratory research to objectively evaluate human＇s balance performance. This study aimed to assess the characteristics of postural control and sensory information processing of boys with two subtypes of ADHD by using CDP, so as to provide the proof for non-drug therapy of ADHD. Method From June 2003 to September 2004, a total of 73 boys （7-15 years of age） with ADHD and 73 normal developing boys matched by age and intelligence quotient from Peking University Institute of Mental Health were recruited in the study. The Sensory Organization Test was adopted to test the static balance performance under six sensory input conditions by SMART EquiTest 8.0 （NeuroCom） instrument. The sensory information from three sensory systems were available under condition 1, the visual inputs were removed or distorted under condition 2 or 3, the somatosensory inputs were in conflict with or without the visual inputs removed under condition 4 or 5, and both the visual and somatosensory inputs were in conflict under condition 6. The indexes of equilibrium score, somatosensory, vestibular, and visual ratios, and strategy scores were analyzed to indicate the subjects＇ postural control ability. Results ADHD boys had significantly lower composite equilibrium score （CES） than the normal group （P 〈0.05）. Under condition 1 and conditions 3-6, the equilibrium scores （ES） of the ADHD group were significantly lower （all P 〈0.05） than those of the control. Significantly lower visual and vestibular ratios

关键词： postural balance sensory integration attention deficit hyperactivity disorder subtypes childhood

Executive Function Training for Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第5期130卷 549-558页

作者： Lan Shuai David Daley Yu-Feng Wang Jin-Song Zhang Yan-Ting Kong Xin Tan Ning Ji Department of Medical Psychology Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology School of Medicine University of Nottingham Nottingham NG7 2UH UK Department of Child Psychiatry Research Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental Health Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Health (Peking University) Beijing 100191 China Department of Developmental Behavioral and Child Healthcare Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai 200092 China Department of Children's Psychiatry Robusprout Children's Clinic Beijing 100022 China

Background： Accumulating evidence indicates that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） is associated with core deficits in executive function （EF） which predicts poorer academic and occupational functioning. This makes early intervention targeting EF impairments important to prevent long-term negative outcomes. Cognitive training is a potential ADHD treatment target. The present study aimed to explore the efficacy, feasibility, and acceptability of a cognitive training program （targeting child＇s multiple EF components and involving parent support in daily life）, as a nonpharmacological intervention for children with ADHD. Methods： Forty-four school-age children with ADHD and their parents participated in 12 sessions of EF training （last for 12 weeks） and 88 health controls （HC） were also recruited. Training effects were explored using both neuropsychological tests （Stroop color-word test, Rey-Osterrieth complex figure test, trail making test, tower of Hanoi, and false-belief task） and reports of daily life （ADHD rating scale-IV, Conners＇ parent rating scale, and behavior rating inventory of executive function [BRIEF]） by analysis of paired sample t-test and Wilcoxon signed-rank test. The differences on EF performances between children with ADHD after training and HC were explored using multivariate analysis. Results： The results （before vs. after EF training） showed that after intervention, the children with ADHD presented better performances of EF both in neuropsychological tests （word interference of Stroop： 36.1 ± 14.6 vs. 27.1 ± 11.1, t = 4.731, P 〈 0.001 ; shift time of TMT： 194.9 ± 115.4 vs. 124.8 ± 72.4, Z = -4.639, P 〈 0.001 ; false-belief task： χ^2 = 6.932, P = 0.008） and reports of daily life （global executive composite of BRIEF： 148.9 ± 17.5 vs. 127.8 ± 17.5, t =6.433, P 〈 0.001）. The performances on EF tasks for children with ADHD after EF training could match with the level of HC children. The ADHD symptoms （ADHD rating scale total score： 32.4

关键词： attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Cognitive Behavior Therapy Executive Function

Cognitive Function of Children and Adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and Learning Difficulties： A Developmental Perspective

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Chinese Medical Journal 2016年第16期129卷 1922-1928页

作者： Fang Huang Li Sun Ying Qian Lu Liu Quan-Gang Ma Li Yang Jia Cheng Qing-Jiu Cao Yi Su Qian Gao Zhao-Min Wu Hai-Mei Li Qiu-Jin Qian Yu-Feng Wang Department of Child Psychiatry Research Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental Health Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Health (Peking University) Beijing 100191 China

Background： The cognitive function of children with either attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD） or learning disabilities （LDs） is known to be impaired. However, little is known about the cognitive function of children with comorbid ADHD and LD. The present study aimed to explore the cognitive function of children and adolescents with ADH D and learning difficulties in comparison with children with ADHD and healthy controls in different age groups in a large Chinese sample. Methods： Totally, 1043 participants with ADHD and learning difficulties （the ADHD ＋ learning difficulties group）, 870 with pure ADHD （the pure ADHD group）, and 496 healthy controls were recruited. To investigate the difference in cognitive impairment using a developmental approach, all participants were divided into three age groups （6-8, 9-11, and 12-14 years old）. Measurements were the Chinese-Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, the Stroop Color-Word Test, the Trail-Making Test, and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Parents （BRIEF）. Multivariate analysis of variance was used. Results： The results showed that after controlling for the effect of ADHD symptoms, the A DHD ＋ learning difficulties group was still significantly worse than the pureADHD group, which was, in turn, worse than the control group on full intelligence quotient （98.66 ± 13.87 vs. 105.17 ± 14.36 vs. 112.93 ± 13.87, P 〈 0.001 ）. The same relationship was also evident for shift function （shifting time of the Trail-Making Test, 122.50 [62.00, 194.25] s vs. 122.00 [73.00, 201.50] s vs. 66.00 [45.00, 108.00] s, P 〈 0.001） and everyday life executive function （BRIEF total score, 145.71 ± 19.35 vs. 138.96± 18.00 vs. 122.71 ± 20.45, P 〈 0.001 ） after controlling for the effect of the severity of ADHD symptoms, intelligence quotient, age, and gender. As for the age groups, the differences among groups became nonsignificant in the 12-14 years old group for inhibition （meaning interference of the Stroop C

关键词： attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Children and Adolescents Cognitive Function Developmental Trajectory Learning Difficulties

Effect of an Ecological Executive Skill Training Program for School-aged Children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder： A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

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Chinese Medical Journal 2017年第13期130卷 1513-1520页

作者： Ying Qian Min Chen Lan Shuai Qing-Jiu Cao Li Yang Yu-Feng Wang Clinical Psychological Center Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health) National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Health (Peking University) Beijing 100191 China Child Psychiatric Research Center Peking University Sixth Hospital (Institute of Mental Health) National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders Key Laboratory of Mental Health Ministry of Health (Peking University) Beijing 100191 China

Background： As medication does not normalize outcomes of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder （ADHD）, especially in real-life functioning, nonpharmacological methods are important to target this field. This randomized controlled clinical trial was designed to evaluate the effects of a comprehensive executive skill training program for school-aged children with ADHD in a relatively large sample. Methods： The children （aged 6-12 years） with ADHD were randomized to the intervention or waitlist groups. A healthy control group was composed of gender- and age-matched healthy children. The intervention group received a 12-session training program lbr multiple executive skills. Executive function （EF）, ADHD symptoms, and social functioning in the intervention and waitlist groups were evaluated at baseline and the end of the final training session. The healthy controls （HCs） were only assessed once at baseline. Repeated measures analyses of variance were used to compare EF, ADHD symptoms, and social function between intervention and waitlist groups. Results： Thirty-eight children with ADH D in intervention group, 30 in waitlist group, and 23 healthy children in healthy control group were included in final analysis. At posttreatment, intervention group showed significantly lower Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function （BRIEF） total score （135.89 ±16.80 vs. 146.09 ± 23.92, P = 0.04） and monitoring score （18.05 ± 2.67 vs. 19.77 ± 3.10, P = 0.02）, ADHD-IV overall score （41.11 ± 7.48 vs. 47.20 ± 8.47, P 〈 0.01 ）, hyperactivity-impulsivity （HI） subscale score （ 18.92 ± 5.09 vs. 21.93 ± 4.93, P = 0.02）, and inattentive subscale score （22.18 ±3.56 vs. 25.27± 5.06, P 〈 0.01 ）, compared with the waitlist group. Repeated measures analyses of variance revealed significant interactions between time and group on the BRIEF inhibition subscale （F = 5.06, P 0.03）, working memory （F- 4.48, P = 0.04）, A DH D-IV overall score （F = 21.72, P 〈 0.01）, HI subscale score （F

关键词： attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Executive Function Executive Skill Training Randomized Controlled Trial

Comparison of horse and cow milk on sleep disorders in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder:a double-blind randomized clinical trial study

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TMR Non-Drug Therapy 2021年第1期4卷 10-18页

作者： Seyedeh zahra Jokar Tahereh Sadeghieh Ruhollah Sadeghmanesh Mehrdad Shakiba Department of Persian Medicine The School of Persian MedicineShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesArdakanYazdIran Child and Adolescent Psychiatrist Researcher of Center of Addiction and Behavioral SciencesShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Otorhinolaryngology Research CenterShahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran Department of Pediatrics Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical SciencesYazdIran.

Approximately 25%–50%of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder have sleep *** aim of this study is to compare the effect of horse milk with conventionally-fed cow’s milk on sleep disorders in children with attention deficit hyperactivity *** this randomized double-blind crossover study,30 patients with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder were randomly selected and divided into two *** patients underwent a 45-day period of horse milk consumption and a 45-day period of cow milk consumption and they continued their drug treatment.A one-week interval between two periods of milk consumption was considered as the washout *** severity of sleep disorder in the studied patients was determined based on the short form of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire(CSHQ).Twenty-two(73.3%)male and eight(26.7%)female patients were included in this *** mean age of the patients was 8.9 *** results showed that horse milk consumption improved the CSHQ *** the group of patients consuming horse milk prior to cow milk,reductions of total CSHQ(P-value=0.001)and subscale 1(P-valueattention deficit hyperactivity disorder.

关键词： Cow milk Horse milk attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Sleep disorder

Main focus of parents of children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and the effectiveness of early clinical screening

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2024年第19期12卷 3752-3759页

作者： Jia-Wen Li Ke Gao Xiao-Yun Yang Zhi-Fei Li Department of Paediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Ningbo UniversityNingbo 315021Zhejiang ProvinceChina Department of Paediatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical UniversityBengbu 233004Anhui ProvinceChina

BACKGROUND attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD)is a common mental and behavioral disorder among *** To explore the focus of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder parents and the effectiveness of early clinical screening METHODS This study found that the main directions of parents seeking medical help were short attention time for children under 7 years old(16.6%)and poor academic performance for children over 7 years old(12.1%).We employed a two-stage experiment to diagnose *** the 5683 children evaluated from 2018 to 2021,360 met the DSM-5 *** diagnosed with ADHD underwent assessments for letter,number,and figure *** the exclusion of ADHD-H diagnoses,the detection rate rose to 96.0%,with 310 out of 323 cases *** This study yielded insights into the primary concerns of parents regarding their children's symptoms and validated the efficacy of a straightforward diagnostic test,offering valuable guidance for directing ADHD treatment,facilitating early detection,and enabling timely *** research delved into the predominant worries of parents across various age ***,we showcased the precision of the simple exclusion experiment in discerning between ADHD-I and ADHD-C in *** Our study will help diagnose and guide future treatment directions for ADHD.

关键词： attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Children Parents Direction of attention Simple test

Efficacy of Photobiomodulation for attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD): Case Studies

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World Journal of Neuroscience 2022年第3期12卷 136-143页

作者： William Stephan Louis J. Banas William Brierley Michael R. Hamblin Invision Health Buffalo NY USA Laser Innovations Amherst NY USA Laser Research Centre Faculty of Health Science University of Johannesburg Doornfontein South Africa

Extensive research has now been conducted and published for the treatment of dementia or Alzheimer’s disease, traumatic brain injury (TBI) and other brain disorders using photobiomodulation (PBM), also known as low-level laser therapy (LLLT). However, minimal information is available regarding the use of LLLT for the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We have been using LLLT in our practice for over 15 years addressing chronic pain and injury issues. However, our work with brain injuries is more recent, and we have published three case studies, one describing a serious traumatic brain injury and two describing our success with dementia/Alzheimer’s disease and PTSD. Currently, there is very little published evidence regarding efficacious therapy for ADHD. The case studies presented here, suggest that LLLT can provide alleviation of these symptoms, with some improvement reported after just a single treatment, without any need for pharmaceutical intervention.

关键词： Photobiomodulation Mitochondria attention deficit hyperactivity disorder Low Level Laser Therapy (LLLT) Case Studies