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Review on recent progress in on-line monitoring technology for atmospheric pollution source emissions in China

Journal of Environmental Sciences 2023年第1期123卷 367-386页

作者： Huanqin Wang Jitong Zhou Xue Li Qiang Ling Hongyuan Wei Lei Gao Ying He Ming Zhu Xiao Xiao Youjiang Liu Shan Li Chilai Chen Guotao Duan Zhimin Peng Peili Zhou Yufeng Duan Jianbing Wang Tongzhu Yu Yixin Yang Jiguang Wang Zhen Zhou Huaqiao Gui Yanjun Ding State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology Institute of Intelligent MachinesHefei Institutes of Physical ScienceChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Institute of Mass Spectrometry and atmospheric Environment Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China Department of Automation University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230027China China Automotive Technology and Research Center Tianjin 300300China Institute of Solid State Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China School of Electronic Information and Communications Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China State Key Laboratory of Power Systems Department of Energy and Power EngineeringTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education School of Energy and EnvironmentSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210096China School of Chemical and Environmental Engineering China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing)Beijing 100083China CAS Center for Excellence in Regional atmospheric Environment Institute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China

Emissions from mobile sources and stationary sources contribute to atmospheric pollution in China,and its components,which include ultrafine particles(UFPs),volatile organic compounds(VOCs),and other reactive gases,such as NH3and NOx,are the most harmful to human *** has released various regulations and standards to address pollution from mobile and stationary ***,it is urgent to develop online monitoring technology for atmospheric pollution source *** study provides an overview of the main progress in mobile and stationary source monitoring technology in China and describes the comprehensive application of some typical instruments in vital areas in recent *** instruments have been applied to monitor emissions from motor vehicles,ships,airports,the chemical industry,and electric power *** only has the level of atmospheric environment monitoring technology and equipment been improving,but relevant regulations and standards have also been constantly ***,the developed instruments can provide scientific assistance for the successful implementation of *** to the potential problem areas in atmospheric pollution in China,some research hotspots and future trends of atmospheric online monitoring technology are ***,more advanced atmospheric online monitoring technology will contribute to a comprehensive understanding of atmospheric pollution and improve environmental monitoring capacity.

关键词： atmospheric pollution Mobile sources Stationary sources On-line monitoring technology

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Linking atmospheric pollution to cryospheric change in the Third Pole region: current progress and future prospects

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National Science Review 2019年第4期6卷 796-809页

作者： Shichang Kang Qianggong Zhang Yun Qian Zhenming Ji Chaoliu Li Zhiyuan Cong Yulan Zhang Junming Guo Wentao Du Jie Huang Qinglong You Arnico K.Panday Maheswar Rupakheti Deliang Chen ?rjan Gustafsson Mark H.Thiemens Dahe Qin State Key Laboratory of Cryosphere Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environment Changes and Land Surface Processes Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research (CAS) Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL) School of atmospheric Sciences Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster StudiesSun Yat-sen University Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster Ministry of Education KLME Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST) International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) Institute for Advanced Sustainability Studies (IASS) Department of Earth Sciences University of Gothenburg Department of Environmental Science and Analytical Chemistry The Bolin Centre for Climate ResearchStockholm University Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry University of California San Diego

The Tibetan Plateau and its surroundings are known as the Third Pole(TP). This region is noted for its high rates of glacier melt and the associated hydrological shifts that affect water supplies in Asia. atmospheric pollutants contribute to climatic and cryospheric changes through their effects on solar radiation and the albedos of snow and ice surfaces; moreover, the behavior and fates within the cryosphere and environmental impacts of environmental pollutants are topics of increasing concern. In this review, we introduce a coordinated monitoring and research framework and network to link atmospheric pollution and cryospheric changes(APCC) within the TP region. We then provide an up-to-date summary of progress and achievements related to the APCC research framework, including aspects of atmospheric pollution's composition and concentration, spatial and temporal variations, trans-boundary transport pathways and mechanisms, and effects on the warming of atmosphere and changing in Indian monsoon, as well as melting of glacier and snow cover. We highlight that exogenous air pollutants can enter into the TP's environments and cause great impacts on regional climatic and environmental changes. At last, we propose future research priorities and map out an extended program at the global scale. The ongoing monitoring activities and research facilitate comprehensive studies of atmosphere–cryosphere interactions, represent one of China's key research expeditions to the TP and the polar regions and contribute to the global perspective of earth system science.

关键词： atmospheric pollution cryosphere climate change the Third Pole coordinated monitoring network

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atmospheric pollution in Beijing, China, as recorded in sediments of the Kunming Lake

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1991年第1期3卷 109-116页

作者： Kathe K.Bertines Minoru Koide Edward D.Goldberg San Diego State University San Diego 92182 California USA.Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla 92093 California USA.Scripps Institution of Oceanography La Jolla 92093 California USA.

The fluxes of heavy metals and magnetite, a fly-ash component, from coal burning, to sediments of the Kunming Lake in Beijing have increased measurably over the last fifty years. Ages were introduced to the sediment strata through Pb-210 geochronologies. Even with a doubling of coal usage by the year 2000, the anthropogenic metal fluxes will still be less than those recorded in metropolitan Tokyo and U.S. lakes.

关键词： atmospheric pollution sediment heavy metal geochronology.

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Optical Remote-sensing Monitoring and Forecasting of atmospheric pollution in Huaibei Area, China

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2012年第6期25卷 739-742,I0004页

作者： Su-wen Li Pin-hua Xie En-hua Jiang Yong Zhang Hai-feng Dai College of Physics and Electronic Information Huaibei Normal University Huaibei 235000 China Hefei lnstitutes of Physical Science Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China

Huaibei is an energy city. Coal as the primary energy consumption brings a large number of regional pollution in Huaibei area. Differential optical absorption spectroscopy （DOAS） as optical remote sensing technology has been applied to monitor regional average concen- trations and inventory of nitrogen dioxide, sulfur dioxide and ozone. DOAS system was set up and applied to monitor the main air pollutants in Huaibei area. Monitoring data were obtained from 7 to 28 August, 2011. Monitoring results show measurements in controlling pollution are effective, and emissions of pollutants are up to the national standard in Huaibei area. Prediction model was also created to track changing trend of pollutions. These will provide raw data support for effective evaluation of environmental quality in Huaibei area.

关键词： Optical remote sensing atmospheric pollution Huaibei area Monitoring Forecasting

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Spatio-temporal Characteristics of atmospheric pollution and Cause Analysis of Haze Events in Sichuan Basin,China

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Chinese Geographical Science 2021年第3期31卷 539-557页

作者： WANG Xingjie GUO Ke LIANG Yuan ZHANG Tingbin WANG Guxi College of Geophysics Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Engineering and Technology Chengdu University of TechnologyLeshan 614007China Geomathematics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Management Science Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Earth Sciences Chengdu University of TechnologyChengdu 610059China College of Architecture and Environment Sichuan UniversityChengdu 610000China National Institute of Measurement and Testing Technology Chengdu 610000China

This study analyzed the spatio-temporal variability of air quality data for six standard air pollutants(Particulate Matter 2.5(PM2.5),Particulate Matter 10(PM10),SO2,NO2,CO,and O3)in the Sichuan Basin(SCB),China from 2015 to 2018 in relation to the formation of haze using conventional meteorological data(temperature,wind speed,and relative humidity),satellite data(fire point data,vertical profiles of aerosol subtypes,and aerosol optical depth),planetary boundary layer height,and backward *** results indicated that the spatio-temporal evolution of the air quality index(AQI)had notable seasonality for the pollution severity in descending order:winter,spring,summer,and *** and winter severe haze events occurred in November and January,respectively,and were caused by higher local pollution emissions under stagnant air *** severe haze events occurred in May and were caused by dust from Northwest China and local *** summer haze events occurred in July and were caused by local ***,the analyses showed that local burning,stagnant meteorological conditions,air mass transport and anthropogenic pollution emissions played a key role in haze in the *** study provides scientific insights for fully analyzing heavy air pollution in SCB,China,and also provides a scientific basis for pollution research in regions of complex terrain as basins and mountains.

关键词： atmospheric pollution formation of haze aerosol subtypes backward trajectories Sichuan Basin

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atmospheric pollution due to Road Traffic Case of the Greater Casablanca Region

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2017年第1期7卷 51-54页

作者： HADER Khadija Lahcen BAHI Research Laboratory for the Quality of Air and the Water Section of Environment Mohammadia School of Engineers (EMI) B.P. 765 Agdal Rabat Morocco The Director of the Centre Doctoral Studies and the Responsible of the Applied Geophysics Laboratory the Engineering Geology and the Environment Mohammadia School of Engineers (EMI) B.P. 765 Agdal Rabat Morocco

In the Greater Casablanca, road transport is the second largest emissions source of gaseous pollutants and particles after the industry [ 1 ]. The emitters are mobile and include different categories of vehicles in circulation, in the road network of the region [2]. Air emissions from road transport considered in this study are the exhaust emissions from combustion of fuel during vehicle movement. This is mainly SO2 （sulfur dioxide）, NOx （nitrogen oxides）, CO （carbon monoxide）, CO2 （carbon dioxide）, SP （suspended particulate） [3], VOC （volatile organic compounds）, benzene, lead Pb and cadmium. These emissions depend mainly on the technology of the vehicle （type, fuel, engine size, and age）, the vehicle speed, the engine temperature and ambient temperature [4].

关键词： atmospheric pollution road traffic NO2 SO2 CO.

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Creating a Geographical Observatory of atmospheric pollution （GEOAP） for the Greek Territory

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering 2010年第7期4卷 56-66页

作者： D. Vagiona N. Karanikolas M. Lazoglou School of Urban-Regional Planning and Development Engineering Faculty of Engineering Aristotle University of ThessalonikiVarvara 59100 Greece

The main purpose of this paper is to analyze the necessity of a Geographical Observatory of atmospheric pollution （GEOAP） in the Greek territory. The analysis performed is mainly focused on the benefits of the future function of the GEOAP to the environmental planning of the country and it could also provide an environmental management tool for the whole region. Measuring and mapping the pollution data and at the same time performing the geographical analysis of the complexity and the characteristics of natural and human environment can be useful tool in observation, management, and planning of the environmental policy of the country.

关键词： atmospheric pollution environmental monitoring geographical analysis.

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Level of Exposure of Populations to atmospheric pollution in Southern Benin

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Open Journal of Air pollution 2023年第4期12卷 160-181页

作者： Sèdami Codjo Joël Dossou-Gbete Dominique Kpadonou Gbaguidi Magloire Acakpo Nonvignon Vitalique Elegbede Alassane Youssao Abdou Karim Kpessou Virtus Mickael Saizonou Firmin Léonce Dovonon Doctoral School of Exact and Applied Sciences University of Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Abomey-Calavi Benin Applied Chemistry Study and Research Laboratory Department of Chemical Engineering-Processes (GC-P) Ecotoxicology and Quality Study Research Unit Polytechnic School of Abomey-Calavi University of Abomey-Calavi Abomey-Calavi Benin

This study focuses on monitoring the exposure of populations in South Benin to atmospheric pollution. Thirteen (13) monitoring points were identified where the Air quality measurements were taken using autonomous electronic devices called “Air Quality Monitor”. Calibrated and turned on, the measuring device automatically determines the concentrations of carbon dioxide CO2, Total Organic Compounds, methanal (HCHO), particulate matter PM2.5 and PM10, temperature in degrees Fahrenheit and relative humidity (RH). Per site, air pollution levels are recorded for 5 minutes every 30 minutes from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. After the analyses, it appears that the carbon dioxide CO2 contents vary from 400 to 1444 ppm with an average of 486.80 ± 184.3 ppm, the daily contents of Total Volatile Organic Compounds from 0.01 to 6 .91 mg/m3 with a daily average of 0.36 ± 0.65 mg/m3, aldehydes from 0.005 to 3 mg/m3 with an average of 0.05 ± 0.17 mg/m3, for particulate matter of diameters less than or equal to 2.5 μm (PM2.5) pollution levels vary between 5 and 173.8 μg/m3 with an average of 21.5 ± 17.62 μg/m3. On the other hand, for PM10, the contents vary from 5 to 449.6 μg/m3 with an average of 28.17 ± 31.74 μg/m3, the Air Quality Index (AQI) varies from 0, 3 to 243 with an average of 39 ± 33.16. From the results observed, it appears that the south-western part of South Benin is heavily polluted by CO2, Total Volatile Organic Compounds, PM10 and especially PM2.5 with the city of Cotonou at its head, in particular the Red Star crossroads, the Toyota crossroads and the crossroads after the friendship stadium. The impacts of this pollution could be significant on sensitive people such as the elderly, newborns and patients with acute and chronic respiratory illnesses.

关键词： Ambient Air Quality Southern Benin Cotonou atmospheric pollution

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The lacustrine sedimentary records of coal-burning atmospheric pollution

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Science China Earth Sciences 2005年第10期 174-180页

作者： E. Appel,V. Hoffmann Institut für Geowissenschaften Universitt Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany Institut für Geowissenschaften Universitt Tübingen 72076 Tübingen Germany

Based on the studies on diatom, ostracods and magnetism on a core acquired from lacustrine sediments, as well as correlation analysis between concentration of acid diatom and the instantaneous lowest pH value, the processes of environment evolution in Lake Yangzonghai were reconstructed. The lacustrine environment was favorable in the 1950s, and began to be polluted by a coal-burning power plant since 1960. During 1965―1980, the instantaneous lowest pH value of lake water decreased to 5―6 when heavily polluted. There was a decrease trend in the pollution from 1983 to 1999, but coal-burning atmospheric pollution was still a main problem for environmental retrieving. As acid precipitated, acid-tolerant species overspread, and shellfish disappeared, as well as ferromagnetic particulates dissolved because of the consequent change of pH-Eh values in the interface of water and soil, which results in the change of environmental proxies versus depth. Thus, the environmental evolution of Lake Yangzonghai is reconstructed in this paper based on the inferences mentioned above.

关键词： atmospheric pollution proxies environmental reconstruction lacustrine sediment Lake Yangzonghai.

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atmospheric lead pollution in fine particulate matter in Shanghai, China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第8期21卷 1118-1124页

作者： LI Xiaolin ZHANG Yuanxun TAN Mingguang LIU Jiangfeng BAO Liangman ZHANG Guilin LI Yan IIDA Atsuo Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201800 China Photon Factory High Energy Accelerator Research Organization 1-10-ho Tsukuba Ibaraki 305 Japan

The Pb-monitoring program was extended for 6 years from 2002 to 2007 at 17 representative urban sites （6 traffic, 5 industrial, and 6 residential sites）, and 3 suburban sites to assess the lead pollution in fine particulate matter （PM2.5） after phasing out leaded gasoline in Shanghai. Compared with Pb levels reported in other places, the Pb pollution in Shanghai is still serious after phasing out leaded gasoline, which remains at high concentration range （213-176 ng/m^3） in PM2.5 in winter. Significant spatial variation of Pb concentrations and strong seasonal variation of higher Pb concentration in winter than that in summer were detected. The size distribution of Pb in particulate matter has a unimodat mode that peaks at approximately 0.154-1.59 μm particle diameter, indicating that Pb is mainly concentrated in fine fraction. Lead in the fine fraction is enriched by a factor of 103-104 relative to Pb abundance in crust. Eight categories of Pb pollution sources were identified in the PM2.5 in the winter of 2007 in Shanghai. The important emission sources among them are vehicle exhaust derived from combustion of unleaded gasoline, metaUurgic industry emission, and coal combustion emission.

关键词： atmospheric pollution lead pollution sources X-ray analysis single particle

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