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methodology for credibility assessment of historical global LUCC datasets

Science China Earth Sciences 2020年第7期63卷 1013-1025页

作者： Xiuqi FANG Wanyi ZHAO Chengpeng ZHANG Diyang ZHANG Xueqiong WEI Weili QIU Yu YE Key Laboratory of Environmental Change and Natural Disaster Ministry of EducationBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Faculty of Geographical Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China School of Geographical Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China

Land use-induced land cover change(LUCC)is an important anthropogenic driving force of global change that has influenced,and is still influencing,many aspects of regional and global *** historical global land use/cover datasets are essential for a better understanding of the impacts of LUCC on global ***,there are not only evident inconsistencies in current historical global land use/cover datasets,but inaccuracies in the data in these global dataset revealed by historical record-based reconstructed regional data throughout the world.A focus in historical LUCC and global change research relates to how the accuracy of historical global land cover datasets can be improved.A methodology for assessing the credibility of existing historical global land cover datasets that addresses temporal as well as spatial changes in the amount and distribution of land cover is therefore ***,the credibility of a global land cover dataset could be assessed by comparing similarities or differences in the data according to actual land cover data(the"true value").However,it is extremely difficult to obtain historical evidence for assessing the credibility of historical global land cover datasets,which cannot be verified through field sampling like contemporary global land cover *** proposed a methodological framework for assessing the credibility of global land cover *** the types and characteristics of the available evidence used for assessments,we outlined four methodological approaches:(1)accuracy assessment based on regional quantitative reconstructed land cover data,(2)rationality assessment based on regional historical facts,(3)rationality assessment based on expertise,and(4)likelihood assessment based on the consistency of multiple *** methods were illustrated through five case studies of credibility assessments of historical cropland cover *** framework can also be applied in assessments of oth

关键词： LUCC Global datasets Credibility assessment methodology

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Benchmarking Approach to Compare Web Applications Static Analysis Tools Detecting OWASP Top Ten Security Vulnerabilities

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2020年第9期64卷 1555-1577页

作者： Juan R.Bermejo Higuera Javier Bermejo Higuera Juan A.Sicilia Montalvo Javier Cubo Villalba Juan JoséNombela Pérez Escuela Superior de Ingeniería y Tecnología Universidad Internacional de La RiojaLa Rioja26006Spain

To detect security vulnerabilities in a web application,the security analyst must choose the best performance Security Analysis Static Tool(SAST)in terms of discovering the greatest number of security vulnerabilities as *** compare static analysis tools for web applications,an adapted benchmark to the vulnerability categories included in the known standard Open Web Application Security Project(OWASP)Top Ten project is *** information of the security effectiveness of a commercial static analysis tool is not usually a publicly accessible research and the state of the art on static security tool analyzers shows that the different design and implementation of those tools has different effectiveness rates in terms of security *** the significant cost of commercial tools,this paper studies the performance of seven static tools using a new methodology proposal and a new benchmark designed for vulnerability categories included in the known standard OWASP Top Ten ***,the practitioners will have more precise information to select the best tool using a benchmark adapted to the last versions of OWASP Top Ten *** results of this work have been obtaining using widely acceptable metrics to classify them according to three different degree of web application criticality.

关键词： Web application benchmark security vulnerability Security Analysis Static Tools assessment methodology false positive false negative precision f-measure

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Ecosystem health towards sustainability

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2015年第1期1卷 7-22页

作者： Yonglong Lu Ruoshi Wang Yueqing Zhang Hongqiao Su Pei Wang Alan Jenkins Rober C.Ferrier Mark Bailey Geoff Squire State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China Centre for Ecology and Hydrology Wallingford OX108BB United Kingdom James Hutton Institute Aberdeen AB158QH ScotlandUnited Kingdom

Ecosystems are becoming damaged or degraded as a result of stresses especially associated with human activities.A healthy ecosystem is essential to provide the services that humans and the natural environment require and has tremendous social and economic *** of the definition of ecosystem health includes what constitutes health and what it means to be *** evaluate ecosystem health,it is necessary to quantify ecosystem conditions using a variety of *** this paper,the main principles and criteria for indicator selection,classification of indicators for different kinds of ecosystems,the most appropriate indicators for measuring ecosystem sustainability,and various methods and models for the assessment of ecosystem health are ***,sustainability,and resilience are considered to be critical factors for ecosystem health and its *** integration of ecological understanding with socioeconomic,biophysical,biogeochemical,and public-policy dimensions is still the primary challenge in this field,and devising workable strategies to achieve and maintain ecosystem health is a key future challenge.

关键词： assessment methodology ecological indicator ecosystem functioning ecosystem health ecosystem sustainability resilience

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