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Effects of asian dust events on atmospheric bacterial communities at different distances downwind of the source region

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第10期30卷 133-139页

作者： Jonguk Park Pin-Fang Li Tomoaki Ichijo Masao Nasu Nobuyasu Yamaguchi Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Osaka University1-6 Yamada-okaSuitaOsaka 565-0871Japan National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation Health and Nutrition7-6-8 Asagi Saito Ibaraki Osaka 567-0085 Japan College of Resources and Environmental Sciences China Agricultural University Beijing100193 China Faculty of Pharmacy Osaka Ohtani University3-11-1 Nishikiori-kita Tondabayashi Osaka 584-8540 Japan Osaka Institute of Public Health 1-3-69 Nakamichi Higashinari Osaka 537-0025 Japan

Aeolian dust particles arising from arid and semiarid zones are known to carry microbes by air currents. The effect of wind-borne bacteria on atmospheric bacterial population at various downwind distances from the dust source regions must be clarified, but has not yet been reported. This study monitored the bacterial abundance and community composition in outdoor aerosol samples in Beijing, China, which is close to the asian dust source regions, and compared them with the results obtained in a distant region（Osaka, Japan）.The asian dust collected in Beijing contained（4 ± 3） × 10^4 bacterial cells/m^3, approximately 4 times higher than in Osaka. On 15 April 2015, Beijing experienced severe asian dust events with a 1000-fold increase in bacterial abundance, relative to non-asian dust days. Dominant bacterial phyla and classes in asian dust collected in Beijing were Actinobacteria, Bacilli and Acidobacteria, and the bacterial community composition varied more widely than in *** bacterial community compositions differed between the Beijing and Osaka dusts, even for the same asian dust events. These results indicated that aerosol bacterial communities nearer the dust source are more affected by eolian dust than their distant counterparts.

关键词： Aeolian dust Amplicon sequencing asian dust Bacterial community Bioaerosols

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Retrieval of the Single Scattering Albedo of asian dust Mixed with Pollutants Using Lidar Observations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2014年第6期31卷 1417-1426页

作者： Sungkyun SHIN Young Min NOH Kwonho LEE Hanlim LEE Detlef MLLER Y.J.KIM Kwanchul KIM Dongho SHIN School of Environmental Science and Engineering Gwangju Institute of Science and TechnologyKorea Department of Geoinformatics Engineering Kyungil UniversityKorea Department of Spatial Information Engineering Pukyong National UniversityKorea Science System and Applications Inc. NASA Langley Research CenterUSA University of Hertfordshire United Kingdom

The vertical distribution of single scattering albedos （SSAs） of asian dust mixed with pollutants was derived using the multi-wavelength Raman lidar observation system at Gwangju （35.10°N,126.53°E）.Vertical profiles of both backscatter and extinction coefficients for dust and non-dust aerosols were extracted from a mixed asian dust plume using the depolarization ratio from lidar *** profiles of backscatter and extinction coefficients of non-dust particles were input into an inversion algorithm to retrieve the SSAs of non-dust *** aerosol layers at different heights had different light-absorbing *** SSAs of non-dust particles at each height varied with aerosol type,which was either urban/industrial pollutants from China transported over long distances at high altitude,or regional/local pollutants from the Korean *** advantage of independent profiles of SSAs of non-dust particles,vertical profiles of SSAs of asian dust mixed with pollutants were estimated for the first time,with a new approach suggested in this study using an empirical determination of the SSA of pure *** SSAs of the asian dust-pollutants mixture within the planetary boundary layer （PBL） were in the range 0.88-0.91,while the values above the PBL were in the range 0.76-0.87,with a very low mean value of 0.76 ± *** total mixed dust plume SSAs in each aerosol layer were integrated over height for comparison with results from the Aerosol Robotics Network （AERONET） *** of SSA retrieved from lidar observations of 0.92 ± 0.01 were in good agreement with the results from AERONET measurements.

关键词： lidar asian dust depolarization ratio microphysical properties single scattering albedo

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Geochemical studies on the source region of asian dust

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Science China Earth Sciences 2011年第9期54卷 1279-1301页

作者： CHEN Jun LI GaoJun Department of Earth Sciences Nanjing University Nanjing 210093 China

The North China and the neighbouring Mongolia in asian Interior is characterized by extremely dry climate, resulted in one of the world＇s major dust emission centres. Deciphering the source region of asian dust is critical for revealing the mechanism of the dust production, interpreting the paleo-environrnental records of eolian deposits, predicting the overall environmental effects of dust, and setting the strategies for the control of contemporary dust storms. This paper summarizes the geochemical methods applied to the source tracing of asian dust. Nd-Sr isotopes were the most extensively studied source tracer of asian dust and have been successfully applied in many cases. Geochemistry of detrital monomineral shows great theoretical advantages in source tracing and deserves further studies. The short-range transportation of Chinese loess with direction similar to that of the prevailing near surface wind is revealed. Source tracing also shows that the asian dust has two ultimate material sources from the northern margin of the Tibetan Plateau and the Central asian Orogen, which confirms the importance of mountain processes in the production of silt eolian particles. Based on the recent progresses on the source tracing of asian dust, discussions are expanded on the natural background of asian dust storms and potential anthropogenic influence, the materials evolution of the source regions of asian dust and its relationships with climate changes and Tibetan uplift, and the role of Tibetan uplift in the asian dust system.

关键词： desert loess asian dust dust storm Tibetan Plateau

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Response of Heterotrophic Bacteria Abundance and Community Structure to asian dust Addition in the Oligotrophic Northwest Pacific Ocean

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第3期19卷 722-728页

作者： CHEN Xi ZHANG Xiaohao ZHAO Yangguo LIU Guangxing ZHANG Chao GAO Huiwang College of Environmental Science and Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China Beijing Sound Environmental Engineering Co.Ltd. Beijing 101102China Key Lab of Marine Environmental Science and Ecology Ministry of EducationOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

The dust storms from the continent usually affect the abundance and diversity of planktons by supplying trace elements. As such, the response of heterotrophic planktonic bacteria to dusts, nutrients(i.e., nitrogen and phosphorus) or ferrous dosages was investigated in the Kuroshio Extension region of the Northwest Pacific Ocean(NWPO) through on-board incubation experiments during an oceanographic survey in spring 2014. The flow cytometry and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing methods were applied to explore the abundance and community structure of bacteria, and the percentage of high nucleic acid bacteria(HNA%). The results showed that the heterotrophic bacteria abundance was low(average 2.55×10^5 cells mL^-1) and subjected to both nitrogen(N) and ferrous(Fe) limitation. Sand-dust deposition observably promoted the activity of heterotrophic planktonic bacteria. The maximum abundance of heterotrophic bacteria was 6.98×10^5 cells mL^-1 in the dust-dosage group, which was 44% higher than the control(P dust-dosage group was 1.37 times higher than the control(P dusts. The relative abundance of genus Winogradskyella was significantly increased by dust deposition while the relative abundance of the genera Tenacibaculum and Hyphomonas was decreased. These variations of bacterial community structure were ascribed to the dissolution of nutrients N and P. Comparing the results of different experimental groups, this study concluded that dust storm improved the abundance of heterotrophic bacteria by dissolution of N and Fe.

关键词： Northwest Pacific asian dust heterotrophic bacteria 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing bacteria abundance and community structure

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Fe dissolution behavior under acidic atmospheric processing controlled by Fe speciation in asian dust

Fe dissolution behavior under acidic atmospheric processing ...

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第八届全国大气细及超细粒子技术研讨会暨PM_(2.5)源谱交流会

作者： Yunhan Luo Feng Wu Junji Cao Key Lab of Aerosol Science & Technology SKLLQG Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

To better the knowledge ofglobal biogeochemical impact of mineral dust, a key issue is to constrain the bioavailable or soluble Fe flux from mineral dust to the surface ocean, which is controlled not only by the processes in the atmosphere but also by the chemical speciation of Fe in the dust. Currently, a lack of consistent knowledge about the dependence of Fe dissolution behavior on Fe chemical speciation in dust hampers model studies to take into account of Fe speciation heterogeneity when simulating global bioavailable Fe supply from mineral dust to the ocean. Here, we have investigated how difference in Fe speciation in dust can affect the Fe dissolution behavior including the dissolution kinetics and Fe solubility when dust is subjected to atmospheric acidic processing. Dissolution experiment that simulated atmospheric acidic processing of mineral dust were conducted on10 dry-sieved desert surface soil samples collected from known asian dust source regionsin a flow-through reactor. Fe speciation in the soil samples was characterized using classical geochemical extraction *** results showed that(1) Fe dissolution behavior and Fe speciationwas by no means uniform across the asian dust source region,(2)Fe dissolution behavior was strongly dependent on Fe speciation, in particular, on the minor Fe species like poorly crystalline Fe(hydr)oxides and carbonate-associated Fein the desert surface soils,(3)Quantitative analysis revealed the carbonate-associated Fe contributed to about 80% of the most reactive Fe pool, underlining the significant role that this kind of Fe species could play.

关键词： asian dust Fe dissolution carbonate-associated Fe

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Numerical study of a supper heavy asian dust event to Taiwan

Numerical study of a supper heavy Asian dust event to Taiwan

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第八届海峡两岸气溶胶技术研讨会暨第三届空气污染技术研讨...

作者： Chuan-Yao Lin(1) , Y. F. Sheng(1) , W. N. Chen(1) , W. C. Chen (1) (1) Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115, Taiwan

Long-range transport of asian dust is one of the major environmental concerns of Taiwan during the winter monsoon season when northeasterly winds prevail following passages of cold fronts. Based on hourly measurements of Taiwan Environmental Protection Administration (TEPA) air quality monitoring stations, a super heavy dust event has been identified. The dramatically elevated concentration of PM10, along with the strong northeasterly on March 21, 2010 was observed in Taiwan. At Shihlin station, its PM10 concentration peaks more than 1700μgm-3 and most stations their hourly concentrations greater than 1000 μgm-3 and sustain more than 10 hrs in the northern Taiwan. We have found that this case has significantly different spatial distributions of PM10 concentration and transport speed between eastern and western of Taiwan. It is estimated that peak concentration ranging from factor of 2 between western and eastern of Taiwan. Moreover, the variation of the peak concentration between northern tip and southern tip is more than factor of ten within about 400 km distance. Numerical results from Weather Research Forecast (WRF) and WRF-chem models suggest that the geographical structure of Central Mountain Range in Taiwan and coastal mountain ranges in southeastern China also play important roles for the discrepancies in spatial distributions of PM10 concentration in Taiwan.

关键词： asian dust PM10 WRF-chem models

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Long-Term Variations, Signatures, Sources of asian dust and Role of Climate Change Versus Desertification in asian dust Emission

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过程工程学报 2004年第Z1期4卷 699-699页

作者： X.Y. Zhang S.L. Gong T.L. Zhao R. Arimoto Y.Q. Wang Z.J. Zhou Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Acad. of Sciences China Institute of Earth Environment Chinese Acad. of Sciences China AQRB Meteorological Service of Canada Canada AQRB Meteorological Service of Canada Canada CEMRC New Mexico State Univ. USA

　　For long-term variations and elemental signatures of asian dust aerosol, changes in mass, twenty elemental concentrations over the period 2001～2003 were assessed from five surface-based stations in western, northern, northeast deserts, the Loess Plateau and the coastal areas in China. Together with the back trajectory analyses and visibility observations, the elemental signatures of soil dust aerosol from different air-mass clusters were characterized for the dust storm (DS) and non-dust storm (N-DS)conditions, respectively.……

关键词： asian dust dust aerosol dust storm Loess Plateau coastal areas

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Element and mineral characterization of dust emission from the saline land at Songnen Plain, Northeastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2009年第10期21卷 1363-1370页

作者： CHEN Bing KITAGAWA Hiroyuki HU Ke JIE Dongmei YANG Junpeng LI Jingmin Department of Hydrospheric-Atmospheric Sciences Graduate School of Environmental Studies Nagoya University Nagoya 464-8601 Japan. Institute of Urban Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences Xiamen 361021 China College of Earth Sciences Jilin University Changchun 130061 China School of Marine Science China University of Geosciences Beijing 100038 China College of Urban and Environmental Sciences Northeast Normal University Changchan 130024 China

Recent observations of asian dust storms show an eastern expansion of the source area to degraded lands, where dust emissions have been little studied. The dust concentrations over the saline land of the western Songnen Plain （SSL）, Northeastern China, are circumstantially higher than those from the northwestern Chinese deserts. These concentrations are sensitive to the surface soil conditions and wind velocity on the ground. The dust samples collected during dust storm events on the SSL contain abundant Na, Mg, A1, K, Ca, Fe and Ti, as well as toxic elements such as Cu, V, Zn and Ba. Individual particle analysis reveals that fine saline particles （〈 10 μm in diameter） on the saline land, consisting largely of carbonate, halite and sulfate together with lithogenic minerals such as SiO2 and aluminosilicate, are eventually uplifted during the interval from spring to autuum. The predominantly fine saline particles uplifted from the SSL are likely transported eastward by the winter monsoon circulation and westerlies. Recent degradation of saline lands in Northeastern China would not only increase the frequency of dust storm events in the downwind area, but also might change the chemical composition of the asian dust emissions.

关键词： element geochemistry individual particle analysis asian dust dust storm saline soil land degradation

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Surrogate atmospheric dust particles generated from dune soils in laboratory: Comparison with field measurement

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Particuology 2023年第1期72卷 29-36页

作者： Feng Wu Na Song Tafeng Hu Steven Sai Hang Ho Junji Cao Daizhou Zhang State Key Laboratory of Loess and Quaternary Geology Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China Key Laboratory of Aerosol Chemistry and Physics Institute of Earth EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXi’an710061China CAS Center for Excellence in Quaternary Science and Global Change Xi’an710061China Institute of Atmospheric Physics Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100029China Faculty of Environmental and Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of KumamotoKumamoto 862-8502Japan Division of Atmospheric Sciences Desert Research InstituteRenoNV 89512United States

Desert dust strongly influences the climate and the environment by altering the radiation budget, participating in atmospheric chemical reactions, and engaging the biogeochemical cycle. Studying its impacts requires knowledge of the physical and chemical properties of the original particles from the source origin. Unfortunately, the field collection of atmospheric samples in the desert is impractical. Fine surface soil is thus considered an alternative material from which to obtain the information applicable to dust particles from the desert soil. In this study, a laboratory system was set up to generate dust particles with simulated natural wind erosion processes from surface soils or directly from desert surfaces. Surface soils and field dust were simultaneously collected during a local blowing dust event. The comparison between the laboratory-generated dust and the field dust showed a consistent trend in particle size distribution and chemical composition. The chemical compositions were found to have explainable differences with the Certified Reference Materials for asian dust (CJ-2). The laboratory-generated dust particles with the system could be applied as surrogates for soil-emitted dust in desert areas.

关键词： Laboratory dust simulation system asian dust Source profiles Particle sizes Chemical compositions

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Seasonal Variations in dustfall and Its Iron Content over North China

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2008年第3期25卷 467-473页

作者：李晋昌董治宝王训明钱广强罗万银 Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000

Extensive dustfall collections were carried out from April 2001 to May 2002 in North China. The highest level of dustfall occurred in the Gobi deserts and at the margins of sandy deserts in the region. The iron content in dustfall in North China varied from 0.6% to 6.0% and there was significant seasonal variation, which indicates the dust sources differed during the year. Although the iron content in dustfall in North China is higher in the Loess Plateau and arable lands and lower in the Gobi and sandy deserts, the total iron deposition was higher in the Gobi desert regions. If the fine particles （PM10） in dustfall in North China are the major contributors of dust transport to eastern China and western parts of the North Pacific, then the annual deposition rates of iron may have been underestimated in previous studies. Our analysis indicates that iron deposition may reach 1.38 × 10^3 to 2.43 × 10^3 kg km^-2 and that most iron deposition occurs in spring and summer. If the more-coarse fractions （PM50） are considered, deposition rates may reach 2.75 × 10^3 and 6.80 × 10^3 kg km^-2, which would represent a large source of iron deposition in eastern China and the western North Pacific.

关键词： asian dust iron deposition dust emission dust sources

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