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paleogeography control of Indian monsoon intensification and expansion at 41 Ma

Science Bulletin 2021年第22期66卷 2320-2328,M0004页

作者： Xiaomin Fang Maodu Yan Weilin Zhang Junsheng Nie Wenxia Han Fuli Wu Chunhui Song Tao Zhang Jinbo Zan Yongpeng Yang State Key Laboratory of Tibetan Plateau Earth System Resources and EnvironmentInstitute of Tibetan Plateau Research(TPESRE)Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Continental Collision and Plateau Uplift Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environments of Ministry of Education Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Water and Soil Conservation&Environmental Protection School of Resource and Environmental SciencesLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China School of Earth Sciences&Key Laboratory of Western China’s Mineral Resources of Gansu Province Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

As a crucial part of the asian monsoon stretching from tropical India to temperate East asia, the Indian monsoon(IM) contributes predominant precipitation over asian continent. However, our understanding of IM’s onset, development and the underlying driving mechanisms is limited. Increasing evidence indicates that the IM began in the Eocene or even the Paleocene and was unexceptionally linked to the early rise of the Tibetan Plateau(TP). These were challenged by the heterogeneous and diachronous uplift of the TP and all the reported records were confined to tropical zone under tropical monsoon driven by the Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ) that is irrelevant to the TP. Therefore, reliable paleoclimatic records from the extra-tropical IM region is crucial to reveal how the tropical IM expanded to subtropical and temperate zones and what driving factors might be related to it. Here we present robust Eocene paleoenvironmental records from central Yunnan(~26°N) in subtropical East asia. The multiproxy results of two sites demonstrate a consistent sudden switch from a dry environment in the early Eocene to a seasonally wet one at 41 Ma, suggesting a jump of the tropical IM to the southern subtropical zone at 41 *** full collision of India with asia, and the resulting changes in paleogeography at 41 Ma(closure of the Neotethys sea, retreat of the Paratethys seas, fast northward movement of the southern margin of the TP and rise of the central TP), aided by synchronous Antarctic cooling, might have worked together to drive the IM enhancement and northward expansion.

关键词： asia paleogeography Indian tropical monsoon Eocene paleoenvironment Subtropical monsoon onset Driven factors and forcings

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