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Study of the Influence of the arrival rate on Elevator’s Energy Consumption

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Study of the Influence of the Arrival Rate on Elevator’s En...

Availability evaluation of controller area networks under the influence of intermittent connection faults

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作者： Li Jun-fang 1,2 , Zong Qun 1 , Zhang Jing-long 1 1. School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China2. School of Electrical Engineering, Tianjin University of Technology, Tianjin 300384, China

In this paper,we have analyzed the arrival rate of the passengers and the energy-cost of the elevator traffic during up-peak. We proposed the dynamic transition point of 4 elevators in order to reduce energy consumption using the nonlinear-map model. The energy-cost depends on the arrival rate and the round-trip time directly, so we give the relationship of the changes of the arrival rate and round-trip time distribution functions. Due to the distribution of the arrival rate depends strongly on the number of passengers arriving at the lobby. The arrival rate of the passengers is divided into three stages. During the lower-peak stages, according to the round-trip time functions, the cars varies from 1 to 4 at the transition point. The simulation shows that the energy consumption of the algrithm proposed in this paper is lower than that of the average arrival rate. This method can also be applied in the other traffic modes.

关键词： Elevator Energy Consumption Round-trip Time arrival rate Up Peak

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Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2024年第4期25卷 555-568页

作者： Longkai WANG Leiming ZHANG Yong LEI State Key Laboratory of Fluid Power and Mechatronic Systems Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027China The 14th Research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Nanjing 210039China

Controller area networks(CANs),as one of the widely used fieldbuses in the industry,have been extended to the automation field with strict standards for safety and *** practice,factors such as fatigue and insulation wear of the cables can cause intermittent connection(IC)faults to occur frequently in the CAN,which will affect the dynamic behavior and the safety of the ***,quantitatively evaluating the performance of the CAN under the influence of IC faults is crucial to real-time health monitoring of the *** this paper,a novel methodology is proposed for real-time quantitative evaluation of CAN availability when considering IC faults,with the system availability parameter being calculated based on the network state transition ***,the causal relationship between IC fault and network error response is constructed,based on which the IC fault arrival rate is ***,the states of the network considering IC faults are analyzed,and the deterministic and stochastic Petri net(DSPN)model is applied to describe the transition relationship of the ***,the parameters of the DSPN model are determined and the availability of the system is calculated based on the probability distribution and physical meaning of markings in the DSPN model.A testbed is constructed and case studies are conducted to verify the proposed methodology under various experimental *** results show that the estimation results obtained using the proposed method agree well with the actual values.

关键词： Controller area network Intermittent connection fault arrival rate Deterministic and stochastic Petri net Availability evaluation

Effect of Substrate Bias on Microstructures of Zirconia Thin Films Deposited by Cathodic Vacuum Arc

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Chinese Physics Letters 2007年第6期24卷 1633-1636页

作者：李向周张先徽何平牛二武夏远宇黄骏冯克成杨思泽 College of Science Changchun University of Science and Technology Changchun 130022 lnstitute of Physic Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100080 College of Physical Science and Technology Yunnan University Kunming 650091

Zirconium oxide （Zr02） thin films are deposited at room temperature by cathodic arc at substrate biases of 0 V, -60 V and -120 V, respectively. The crystal structure, composition, morphology, and deposition rate of the as-deposited thin films are systematically investigated by x-ray diffraction, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy （XPS） as well as scanning electron microscopy. The results show that the crystal structure, morphology and deposition rate of the films all are dependant on substrate bias. With the increase of bias voltage from 0 V to -120 V, the zirconium oxide thin film grown on silicon wafer first exhibits monoclinic lattice and tetragonal lattice, further evolves monoclinic phase with the preferred orientation along the （-111） and （-222） directions at -60 V and finally along nearly one observed preferred （002） direction under -120 V. In addition, the variations of morphology with bias voltage are correlated to changes of the film structure. The results of XPS demonstrate that Zr elements are almost oxidized completely in the films achieved under -120 V bias.

关键词： BEAM-ASSISTED DEPOSITION OXIDE FILMS ION-BOMBARDMENT arrival rate ENERGY

Exploiting Virtual Elasticity of Manufacturing Systems to Respect OTD—Part 2: Post-Optimality Conditions for the Cases of Ergodic and Non-Ergodic Order rate with Deterministic Product-Mix

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American Journal of Operations Research 2021年第3期11卷 141-165页

作者： Bruno G. Rüttimann Martin T. Stöckli ETH Zürich IWF Zurich Switzerland Inspire AG Zurich Switzerland

Respecting the on-time delivery (OTD) for manufacturing orders is mandatory. However, for non-JIT Batch & Queue Push-manufacturing systems, the compliance of OTD is not intrinsically guaranteed. As an OTD related manufacturing theory is largely missing it is crucial to understand and formalize the necessary conditions of OTD compliance for complex production environments for maximum exploitation of the production capacity. This paper evaluates the conditions of post-optimality while being OTD compliant for production systems, which are characterized by stochastic order rate and a deterministic product-mix. Instead of applying discrete event simulation to explore the real case-by-case order scheduling optimization for OTD compliance, a Cartesian approach is followed. This enables to define theoretically the solution space of order backlog for OTD, which contributes to developing further manufacturing theory. At the base stands the recently defined new concept of virtual manufacturing elasticity by reducing lead-time to increase virtually production capacity. The result has led to defining additional two corollaries to the OTD theorem, which sets up basic OTD theory. Apart from defining the post-optimal requirements to guarantee for orders at least a weak solution for OTD compliance, this paper reveals that for a deterministic product-mix a non-ergodic order arrival rate can be rescheduled into an ergodic order input rate to the shopfloor if the virtual elasticity

On-Time-Delivery Lean Manufacturing Industry 4.0 arrival rate Non-Ergodic Process Virtual Elasticity Normed Exit rate Ergodicity

Development of a Model for International Traveler’s Check-In Process Using Arena Software Tool

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Engineering（科研） 2020年第11期12卷 811-823页

作者： O. O. Olusanya J. L. Obetta M. O. Oyediram A. W. Elegbede Department of Electrical/Electronics and Computer Engineering Bells University of Technology Ota Ogun State Nigeria

The increasing demand for airline services amidst limited resources results in passenger dissatisfaction and dwindling revenue for airports and airlines. The dynamics of service demand and resource supply results in check-in issues for the stakeholders in the commercial aviation industry. This has the effect of impacting negatively on service performance, cost of operations, customer satisfaction, and overall throughput. Hence, this paper modelled the travelers’ check-in process at the “D Wing” of the Departure Section of Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Ikeja, using Arena Software Tool. The work was carried out by determining the parameters of the queues at designated service points in the check-in process. The primary data required to develop the model were acquired by direct observation of passenger flow and oral interview. Thus, the average check-in time was determined. Thereafter, a model of the international check-in system of the MMIA was developed using Arena software in combination with Microsoft Office tools. The data collected were therefore inputted into the model and simulated;the real result was compared with the simulation result of 133 completions and there was no significant difference. The result showed that the model is a representation of the real system under study. Further work will be tailored towards simulation (i.e. the model will be subjected to experimentation in order to have different scenario).

关键词： Modelling Check-In Process arrival rate Service rate Average Check-In Time Server Configuration

Simulation of a Model for International Traveler’s Check-In Process Using Arena Software Tool

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Engineering（科研） 2021年第3期13卷 125-134页

作者： J. L. Obetta O. O. Olusanyan M. O. Oyediran W. B. Wahab A. T. Olusesi A. W. Elegbede Department of Electrical/Electronics and Computer Engineering Bells University of Technology Ota Ogun State Nigeria

With the current situation of insecurity in Nigeria and the worsening condition of Nigerian roads, there is increasing demand for air travel. This increasing demand for airline services amidst limited resources results in passenger dissatisfaction and reduction of revenue for airports and airlines. The dynamics of service demand and resource supply result in check-in issues for all the stakeholders in the commercial aviation industry. Hence, this research simulated the developed model for travelers’ check-in process at the “D Wing” of the Departure Section of Murtala Muhammed International Airport (MMIA), Ikeja, using Arena Software Tool. The simulation of the developed model was carried out by varying five different configurations of the servers with respect to the baggage weighing machines and passenger profiling devices to obtain the minimum average check-in time (ACT) for the process, with each configuration undergoing 133 completions of simulation runs. The result of the experimentation revealed that the 3 × 3 × 4 configuration of servers produced the smallest ACT of 18.25 minutes. This translates to a difference of about 58 minutes from the 76.16 minutes ACT of the real system;representing about 76% improvement in the check-in time of passengers. This study contributed to knowledge by revealing that the main choke points in the MMIA check-in system occur at the baggage weighing and passenger profiling areas as against the check-in counter sub-section as advanced by previous works. Furthermore, the research added value to knowledge by creating a balance between customer satisfaction and cost of operations thereby accommodating the interests of the passenger and the operator who are the two main stakeholders in the commercial aviation industry.

关键词： Modelling Check-In Process arrival rate Service rate Average Check-In Time Server Configuration

Exploiting Virtual Elasticity of Production Systems for Respecting OTD-Part 1: Post-Optimality Conditions for Ergodic Order arrivals in Fixed Capacity Regimes

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American Journal of Operations Research 2020年第6期10卷 321-342页

作者： Bruno G. Rüttimann Martin T. Stöckli ETH Zürich IWF Zurich Switzerland Inspire AG Zurich Switzerland

Respecting the on-time-delivery (OTD) for manufacturing orders is mandatory. This depends, however, on the probability distribution of incoming order rate. The case of non-equal distribution, such as aggregated arrivals, may compromise the observance of on-time supplies for some orders. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the conditions of post-optimality for stochastic order rate governed production systems in order to observe OTD. Instead of a heuristic or a simulative exploration, a Cartesian-based approach is applied to developing the necessary and sufficient mathematical condition to solve the problem statement. The research result demonstrates that increasing speed of throughput reveals a latent capacity, which allows arrival orders above capacity limits to be backlog-buffered and rescheduled for OTD, exploiting the virtual manufacturing elasticity inherent to all production systems to increase OTD reliability of non JIT-based production systems.

关键词： On-Time-Delivery Production System Lean Manufacturing Industry 4.0 arrival rate Markovian arrival Distribution Production Backlog Manufacturing Elasticity Production Capacity Bottle Neck Break-Even Point Optimal Production Volume Ergodic Processes

Optimal Coordinated Traffic Control of Adjacent Intersections Based on Multiple Objectives Programming Techniques

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Optimal Coordinated Traffic Control of Adjacent Intersection...