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arctic sea ice Variations in the First Half of the 20th Century:A New Reconstruction Based on Hydrometeorological Data

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第8期41卷 1483-1495,1686-1693页

作者： Vladimir A.SEMENOV Tatiana A.ALDONINA Fei LI Noel Sebastian KEENLYSIDE Lin WANG A.M.Obukhov Institute of Atmospheric Physics RAS Moscow 119017Russia Institute of Geography RAS Moscow 119017Russia Geophysical Institute University of Bergen and Bjerknes Centre for Climate ResearchBergen 5007Norway Nansen Environmental and Remote Sensing Center Bergen 5007Norway Center for Monsoon System Research Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China

The shrinking arctic sea-ice area(SIA) in recent decades is a striking manifestation of the ongoing climate *** of the arctic sea ice have been continuously observed by satellites since 1979, relatively well monitored since the 1950s, but are highly uncertain in the earlier period due to a lack of observations. Several reconstructions of the historical gridded sea-ice concentration(SIC) data were recently presented based on synthesized regional sea-ice observations or by applying a hybrid model–empirical approach. Here, we present an SIC reconstruction for the period1901–2019 based on established co-variability between SIC and surface air temperature, sea surface temperature, and sea level pressure patterns. The reconstructed sea-ice data for March and September are compared to the frequently used Had ISST1.1 and SIBT1850 datasets. Our reconstruction shows a large decrease in SIA from the 1920 to 1940 concurrent with the Early 20th Century Warming event in the arctic. Such a negative SIA anomaly is absent in Had ISST1.1 data. The amplitude of the SIA anomaly reaches about 0.8 mln km^(2) in March and 1.5 mln km^(2) in September. The anomaly is about three times stronger than that in the SIBT1850 dataset. The larger decrease in SIA in September is largely due to the stronger SIC reduction in the western sector of the arctic Ocean in the 70°–80°N latitudinal zone. Our reconstruction provides gridded monthly data that can be used as boundary conditions for atmospheric reanalyses and model experiments to study the arctic climate for the first half of the 20th century.

关键词： arctic sea ice arctic climate early 20th century warming climate variability

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Spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of arctic sea ice in multiple dimensions during 1979 to 2020

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第3期43卷 102-114页

作者： Yu Guo Xiaoli Wang He Xu Xiyong Hou CAS Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes and Ecological Remediation Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesYantai 264003China Shandong Key Laboratory of Coastal Environmental Processes Yantai 264003China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

arctic sea ice is broadly regarded as an indicator and amplifier of global climate *** rapid changes in arctic sea ice have been widely ***,the spatiotemporal changes in the horizontal and vertical dimensions of arctic sea ice and its asymmetry during the melt and freeze seasons are rarely quantified simultaneously based on multiple sources of the same long time *** this study,the spatiotemporal variation and freeze-thaw asymmetry of arctic sea ice were investigated from both the horizontal and vertical dimensions during 1979–2020 based on remote sensing and assimilation *** results indicated that arctic sea ice was declining at a remarkably high rate of–5.4×10^(4) km^(2)/a in sea ice area(SIA)and–2.2 cm/a in sea ice thickness(SIT)during 1979 to 2020,and the reduction of SIA and SIT was the largest in summer and the smallest in ***,compared with other sub-regions,SIA showed a sharper declining trend in the Barents sea,Kara sea,and East Siberian sea,while SIT presented a larger downward trend in the northern Canadian Archipelago,northern Greenland,and the East Siberian *** to the seasonal trend of sea ice on sub-region scale,the reduction rate of SIA exhibited an apparent spatial heterogeneity among seasons,especially in summer and winter,i.e.,the sub-regions linked to the open ocean exhibited a higher decline rate in winter;however,the other sub-regions blocked by the coastlines presented a greater decline rate in *** SIT,the sub-regions such as the Beaufort sea,East Siberian sea,Chukchi sea,Central arctic,and Canadian Archipelago always showed a higher downward rate in all ***,a striking freeze-thaw asymmetry of arctic sea ice was also *** sea ice changes in different dimensions,sea ice over most regions in the arctic showed an early retreat and rapid advance in the horizontal dimension but late melting and gradual freezing in the vertical *** amount of sea ice me

关键词： arctic sea ice sea ice area sea ice thickness spatiotemporal variation freeze-thaw asymmetry

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Winter extreme precipitation over the Tibetan Plateau influenced by arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2024年第1期15卷 42-51页

作者： Qing-Quan LI Miao BI Song YANG Qing-Yuan WU Yi-Hui DING Xin-Yong SHEN Xiao-Ting SUN Meng-Chu ZHAO China Meteorological Administration Key Laboratory for Climate Prediction Studies National Climate CentreBeijing 100081China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China CMA Key Open Laboratory of Transforming Climate Resources to Economy Chongqing Institute of Meteorological SciencesChongqing 401147China School of Atmospheric Sciences and Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai 519082China Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai) Zhuhai 519082China

The Tibetan Plateau(TP)and the arctic are the most sensitive regions to global climate ***,the interdecadal varibility of winter extreme precipitation over the TP and its linkage with arctic sea ice are still *** this study,the characteristics and mechisnems of the TP extreme precipitation(TPEP)influenced by arctic sea ice on interdecadal timescale are studied based on the daily precipitation,monthly sea ice concentration and ERA5 reanalysis data from 1980 to *** found that the dominant mode of the TPEP in winter mostly exhibits a uniform spatial variation on the interdecadal timescale,with an opposite weak variation in the southeastern TP,and the arctic sea ice concentration(SIC)before 2002 are larger than that after *** interdecadal variation of TPEP is affected by two teleconnection wave trains regulated by the Barents and Kara sea *** the light ice years,a remarkable positive geopotential height(HGT)anomaly appears over the Barents-Kara sea and a remarkable negative HGT anomaly is located over the Lake *** wave trains originating over the Barents-Kara sea can be *** southern branch forms a wave train through the North Atlantic along the subtropical westerly jet stream,showing a‘+-+-+'pattern of HGT anomalies from arctic to the *** HGT anomaly controls the western TP,which creates dynamic and water vapor conditions for the *** northern branch forms a wave train through the Lake Baikal and the southeast of the TP,showing a‘+-+'HGT anomaly *** HGT anomaly controls the southeastern TP,which is not conducive to precipitation in the *** the SIC in the Barents-Kara sea increases,the situation is *** above analysis also reveals the reason for the difference in the east-west distribution of the TPEP.

关键词： arctic sea ice Tibetan Plateau Winter extreme precipitation Rossby wave activity Interdecadal variation

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Wintertime arctic sea-ice Decline Related to Multi-Year La Niña Events

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2024年第9期41卷 1680-1690页

作者： Wenxiu ZHONG Qian SHI Qinghua YANG Jiping LIU Song YANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics Second Institute of OceanographyMinistry of Natural ResourcesHangzhou 310012China Guangdong Province Key Laboratory for Climate Change and Natural Disaster Studies Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China

arctic sea ice has undergone a significant decline in the Barents-Kara sea(BKS)since the late *** studies have shown that the decrease in sea ice caused by increased poleward moisture transport is modulated by tropical sea temperature changes(mainly referring to La Niña events).The occurrence of multi-year La Niña(MYLA)events has increased significantly in recent decades,and their impact on arctic sea ice needs to be further *** this study,we investigate the relationship between sea-ice variation and different atmospheric diagnostics during MYLA and other La Niña(OTLA)*** decline in BKS sea ice during MYLA winters is significantly stronger than that during OTLA *** is because MYLA events tend to be accompanied by a warm arctic-cold continent pattern with a barotropic high pressure blocked over the Urals ***,more frequent northward atmospheric rivers intrude into the BKS,intensifying longwave radiation downward to the underlying surface and melting the BKS sea ***,in the early winter of OTLA years,a negative North Atlantic Oscillation presents in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere,which obstructs the atmospheric rivers to the south of *** infer that such a different response of BKS sea-ice decline to different La Niña events is related to stratospheric *** the rapid climate changes in the past,more frequent MYLA events may account for the substantial arctic sea-ice loss in recent decades.

关键词： arctic sea ice multi-year ENSO Ural blocking atmospheric river Barents-Kara sea

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On the turbulent heat fluxes:A comparison among satellite-based estimates,atmospheric reanalyses,and in-situ observations during the winter climate over arctic sea ice

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Advances in Climate Change Research 2023年第3期14卷 347-362页

作者： Zhi-Lun ZHANG Feng-Ming HUI Timo VIHMA Mats A.GRANSKOG Bin CHENG Zhuo-Qi CHEN Xiao CHENG School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519082China Key Laboratory of Comprehensive Observation of Polar Environment(Sun Yat-sen University) Ministry of EducationZhuhai 519082China University Corporation for Polar Research Beijing 100032China Finnish Meteorological Institute Helsinki 00560Finland Norwegian Polar Institute Fram CentreTromsøN-9296Norway

The surface energy budget is crucial for arctic sea ice mass balance calculation and climate systems,among which turbulent heat fluxes significantly affect the airesea exchanges of heat and moisture in the atmospheric boundary *** observations(*** and APPX)and atmospheric reanalyses(e.g.,ERA5)are often used to represent components of the energy budget at regional and pan-arctic ***,the uncertainties of the satellite-based turbulent heat fluxes are largely unknown,and cross-comparisons with reanalysis data and insitu observations are *** this study,satellite-based turbulent heat fluxes were assessed against in-situ observations from the N-ice2015 drifting ice station(north of Svalbard,JanuaryeJune 2015)and ERA5 *** turbulent heat fluxes were calculated by two approaches using the satellite-based ice surface temperature and radiative fluxes,surface atmospheric parameters from ERA5,and snow/sea ice thickness from the pan-arctic ice Ocean Modeling and Assimilation System(PIOMAS).We found that the bulk-aerodynamic formula based results could better capture the variations of turbulent heat fluxes,while the maximum entropy production based estimates are comparable with ERA5 in terms of root-mean-square error(RMSE).CERES-based estimates outperform the APP-X-based ones but ERA5 performs the best in all seasons(RMSE of 18 and 7 W m^(-2)for sensible and latent heat flux,respectively).The aireice temperature/humidity differences and the surface radiation budget were found the primary driving factors in the bulk-formula method and maximum entropy production(MEP)method,***,errors in the surface and near-surface temperature and humidity explain almost 50%of the uncertainties in the estimates based on the bulk-formula,whereas errors in the net radiative fluxes explain more than 50%of the uncertainties in the MEP-based results.

关键词： arctic sea ice Surface energy budget Turbulent heat flux Satellite observation Reanalysis Bulk-aerodynamic formula Maximum entropy production

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Characteristics of extratropical cyclone variability in the Northern Hemisphere and their response to rapid changes in arctic sea ice

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2023年第10期42卷 10-22页

作者： Di Chen Qizhen Sun Ocean University of China Qingdao 266100China National Marine Environmental Forecasting Center Beijing 100081China

Extratropical cyclones are critical weather systems that affect large-scale weather and climate changes at mid-high ***,prior research shows that there are still great difficulties in predicting extratropical cyclones for occurrence,frequency,and *** this study,mean sea level pressure(MSLP)data from the European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts(ECMWF)reanalysis(ERA5)are used to calculate the variance statistics of the MSLP to reveal extratropical cyclone activity(ECA).Based on the analysis of the change characteristics of ECA in the Northern Hemisphere,the intrinsic link between ECA in the Northern Hemisphere and arctic sea ice is *** results show that the maximum ECA mainly occurs in winter over the mid-high latitudes in the Northern *** maximum ECA changes in the North Pacific and the North Atlantic,which are the largest variations in the Northern Hemisphere,are independent of each other,and their mechanisms may be ***,MSLP is a significant physical variable that affects *** North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO)and North Pacific Index(NPI)are significant indices that impact ECA in the North Atlantic and North Pacific,*** innovation of this paper is to explore the relationship between the activity of extratropical cyclones in the Northern Hemisphere and the abnormal changes in arctic sea ice for the first *** mechanism is that the abnormal changes in summer-autumn and winter arctic sea ice lead to the phase transition of the NPI and NAO,respectively,and then cause the occurrence of ECA in the North Pacific and North Atlantic,*** sea ice plays a crucial role in the ECA in the Northern Hemisphere by influencing the polar vortex and westerly *** is the first exploration of ECAs in the Northern Hemisphere using arctic sea ice,which can provide some references for the in-depth study and prediction of ECAs in the Northern Hemisphere.

关键词： extratropical cyclones mean sea level pressure North Atlantic Oscillation(NAO) North Pacific Index(NPI) arctic sea ice

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Separation of Atmospheric Circulation Patterns Governing Regional Variability of arctic sea ice in Summer

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第12期40卷 2344-2361页

作者： Shaoyin WANG Jiping LIU Xiao CHENG Richard JGREATBATCH Zixin WEI Zhuoqi CHEN Hua LI School of Geospatial Engineering and Science Sun Yat-sen Universityand Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory(Zhuhai)Zhuhai 519000China Department of Atmospheric and Environmental Sciences State University of New York at AlbanyAlbany NY 12222USA GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel Kiel 24105Germany Joint International Research Laboratory of Climate and Environment Change Nanjing University of Information Science&TechnologyNanjing 210044China Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences Christian Albrechts University of KielKiel 24118Germany University Corporation for Polar Research Zhuhai 519000China

In recent decades,arctic summer sea ice extent(SIE)has shown a rapid decline overlaid with large interannual variations,both of which are influenced by geopotential height anomalies over Greenland(GL-high)and the central arctic(CA-high).In this study,SIE along coastal Siberia(Sib-SIE)and Alaska(Ala-SIE)is found to account for about 65%and 21%of the arctic SIE interannual variability,*** in Ala-SIE is related to the GL-high,whereas variability in Sib-SIE is related to the CA-high.A decreased Ala-SIE is associated with decreased cloud cover and increased easterly winds along the Alaskan coast,promoting ice-albedo feedback.A decreased Sib-SIE is associated with a significant increase in water vapor and downward longwave radiation(DLR)along the Siberian *** years 2012 and 2020 with minimum recorded ASIE are used as *** to climatology,summer 2012 is characterized by a significantly enhanced GL-high with major sea ice loss along the Alaskan coast,while summer 2020 is characterized by an enhanced CA-high with sea ice loss focused along the Siberian *** 2012,the lack of cloud cover along the Alaskan coast contributed to an increase in incoming solar radiation,amplifying ice-albedo feedback there;while in 2020,the opposite occurs with an increase in cloud cover along the Alaskan coast,resulting in a slight increase in sea ice *** the Siberian coast,increased DLR in 2020 plays a dominant role in sea ice loss,and increased cloud cover and water vapor both contribute to the increased DLR.

关键词： arctic sea ice arctic circulation patterns shortwave and longwave radiation cloud cover water vapor

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A Cross-seasonal Linkage between arctic sea ice and Eurasian Summertime Temperature Fluctuations

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2023年第12期40卷 2195-2210页

作者： Yanting LIU Yang ZHANG Sen GU Xiu-Qun YANG Lujun ZHANG School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China College of Meteorology and Oceanography National University of Defense TechnologyChangsha 410073China

This study explores the linkage between summertime temperature fluctuations over midlatitude Eurasia and the preceding arctic sea ice concentration (SIC) by utilizing the squared norm of the temperature anomaly, the essential part of local eddy available potential energy, as a metric to quantify the temperature fluctuations with weather patterns on various timescales. By comparing groups of singular value decomposition (SVD) analysis, we suggest a significant linkage between strong (weak) August 10-to-30-day temperature fluctuations over mid-west Asia and enhanced (decreased) Barents-Kara sea ice in the previous February. We find that when the February SIC increases in the Barents-Kara sea, a zonal dipolar pattern of SST anomalies appears in the Atlantic subpolar region and lasts from February into the summer months. Evidence suggests that in such a background state, the atmospheric circulation changes evidently from July to August, so that the August is characterized by an amplified meridional circulation over Eurasia, weakened westerlies, and high- pressure anomalies along the arctic coast. Moreover, the 10-to-30-day wave becomes more active in the North Atlantic-Barents-Kara sea-Central Asia regions and manifests a more evident southward propagation from the Barents- Kara sea into the Ural region, which is responsible for the enhanced 10-to-30-day wave activity and temperature fluctuations in the region.

关键词： arctic sea ice midlatitude atmospheric circulation summertime temperature fluctuations wave train North Atlantic SST

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Evaluation of arctic sea ice simulation of CMIP6 models from China

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Advances in Polar Science 2022年第3期33卷 220-234页

作者： LI Jiaqi WANG Xiaochun WANG Ziqi ZHAO Liqing WANG Jin School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210014China

Nine coupled climate models from China participating in the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6(CMIP6)were evaluated in terms of their capability in ensemble historical arctic sea ice simulation in the context of 56 CMIP6 *** evaluated these nine models using satellite observations from 1980 to *** evaluation was conducted comprehensively using 12 metrics covering different aspects of the seasonal cycle and long-term trend of sea ice extent(SIE)and sea ice concentration(SIC).The nine Chinese modelstended to overestimate SIE,especially in March,and underestimate its long-term decline *** was less spread in model skill in reproducing the spatial pattern of March SIC than in reproducing the spatial pattern of September *** error of March SIC simulation was distributed at the margins of sea ice cover,such as in the Nordic seas,the Barents sea,the Labrador sea,the Bering sea,and the sea of ***,the error of September SIC was distributed both at the margins of sea ice cover and in the central part of the arctic *** of these nine models had capabilities comparable with the majority of the CMIP6 models in reproducing the seasonal cycle and long-term trend of arctic sea ice.

关键词： coupled climate model CMIP6 arctic sea ice

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arctic sea ice thickness variations from CryoSat-2 satellite altimetry data

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Science China Earth Sciences 2021年第7期64卷 1080-1089页

作者： Feng XIAO Shengkai ZHANG Jiaxing LI Tong GENG Yue XUAN Fei LI Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping Wuhan UniversityWuhan 430079China

arctic sea ice plays an important role in Earth's climate and environmental *** ice thickness is one of the most important sea ice *** obtaining the sea ice thickness and its changes has great significance to arctic and global change *** altimeters can be used to derive long-term and large-scale changes in sea ice *** leads detection is vital in sea ice thickness estimation by using satellite *** leads detection methods are compared with remote sensing images,and results show that the detection method that uses waveform parameters can obtain improved *** model for the conversion of freeboard to thickness is optimized by considering the incomplete penetration of snow for radar *** derive the estimates of the arctic sea ice thickness for November 2010 to December 2019 by using the CryoSat-2 altimetry *** sea ice thickness from the iceBridge and draft data from the upward-looking sonar are used to validate our thickness *** show that the accuracy of our thickness estimates is within 0.2 *** in the arctic sea ice thickness are analyzed using the PIOMAS model and air and sea surface temperatures.A sharp increase in sea ice thickness is found in 2014.

关键词： CryoSat-2 arctic sea ice Thickness Global change

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