检索结果-南通市图书馆

Ecological problems and ecological restoration zoning of the aral sea

Journal of Arid Land 2024年第3期16卷 315-330页

作者： BAO Anming YU Tao XU Wenqiang LEI Jiaqiang JIAPAER Guli CHEN Xi Tojibaev KOMILJON Shomurodov KHABIBULLO Xabibullaev B SAGIDULLAEVICH Idirisov KAMALATDIN State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Key Laboratory of GIS&RS Application Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous RegionUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China Institute of Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Uzbekistan Tashkent 100125Uzbekistan International Innovation Center for aral sea Basin under the President of the Republic of Uzbekistan Nukus 230100Uzbekistan

The aral sea was the fourth largest lake in the world but it has shrunk dramatically as a result of irrational human activities, triggering the "aral sea ecological crisis". The ecological problems of the aral sea have attracted widespread attention, and the alleviation of the aral sea ecological crisis has reached a consensus among the five Central Asian countries(Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan). In the past decades, many ecological management measures have been implemented for the ecological restoration of the aral sea. However, due to the lack of regional planning and zoning, the results are not ideal. In this study, we mapped the ecological zoning of the aral sea from the perspective of ecological restoration based on soil type, soil salinity, surface water, groundwater table, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI), land cover, and aerosol optical depth(AOD) data. Soil salinization and salt dust are the most prominent ecological problems in the aral sea. We divided the aral sea into 7 first-level ecological restoration subregions(North aral sea catchment area in the downstream of the Syr Darya River(Subregion Ⅰ);artificial flood overflow area in the downstream of the aral sea(Subregion Ⅱ);physical/chemical remediation area of the salt dust source area in the eastern part of the South aral sea(Subregion Ⅲ);physical/chemical remediation area of severe salinization in the central part of the South aral sea(Subregion Ⅳ);existing water surface and potential restoration area of the South aral sea(Subregion Ⅴ);aral sea vegetation natural recovery area(Subregion Ⅵ);and vegetation planting area with slight salinization in the South aral sea(Subregion Ⅶ)) and 14 second-level ecological restoration subregions according to the ecological zoning principles. Implementable measures are proposed for each ecological restoration subregion. For Subregion Ⅰ and Subregion Ⅱ with lower elevations, artificial flooding should be carried out to restore the surface of the aral sea. Subregion Ⅲ a

关键词： ecological restoration zoning salt and dust storms soil salinization ecological crisis aral sea Central Asia

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Soil Cover in the Eastern Part of the Dried Bed of the aral sea

引用

Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2024年第6期12卷 30-37页

作者： Galina Stulina Kamaladin Idirisov International Fund for the aral sea Saving Interstate Coordination Water Commission Scientific-Information Center (SIC ICWC) Tashkent Uzbekistan International Innovation Centre of Priaralie (IICAS) Nukus Karakalpakstan

The greatest environmental disaster in Central Asiathe drying up of the aral seahas led to the formation of a new terrain, extending over 2.7 million hectares in Uzbekistan. This newly formed terrain is dynamically developing, with emerging soil formations replacing bottom sediments. This paper analyzes the results of a study on soil formation in the eastern part of the dried-up seabed, focusing on the influence of natural processes occurring there.

关键词： aral sea Environmental Dried seabed Soil Cover

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Transformation of vegetative cover on the Ustyurt Plateau of Central Asia as a consequence of the aral sea shrinkage

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2021年第1期13卷 71-87页

作者： Adilov BEKZOD Shomurodov HABIBULLO FAN Lianlian LI Kaihui MA Xuexi LI Yaoming Institute of Botany Academy of Sciences of UzbekistanTashkent 100125Uzbekistan CAS Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Urumqi 830011China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

The gradual shrinkage of the aral sea has led to not only the degradation of the unique environments of the aral sea,but also numerous and fast developing succession processes in the neighborhood habitats surrounding the sea.In this study,we investigated the vegetative succession processes related to the aral sea shrinkage in the Eastern Cliff of the Ustyurt Plateau in Republic of Uzbekistan,Central Asia.We compared the results of our current investigation(2010–2017)on vegetative communities with the geobotany data collected during the 1970s(1970–1980).The results showed great changes in the mesophytic plant communities and habitat aridization as a result of the drop in the underground water level,which decreased atmospheric humidity and increased the salt content of the soil caused by the shrinkage of the aral sea.In the vegetative communities,we observed a decrease in the Margalef index(DMg),which had a positive correlation with the poly-dominance index(I-D).The main indications of the plant communities'transformation were the loss of the weak species,the appearance of new communities with low species diversity,the stabilization of the projective cover of former resistant communities,as well as the appearance of a new competitive species,which occupy new habitats.

关键词： plant cover mesophytic plant communities vegetative succession xerophytization biodiversity index climate change aral sea

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Investigate the relationships between the aral sea shrinkage and the expansion of cropland and reservoir in its drainage basins between 2000 and 2020

引用

International Journal of Digital Earth 2021年第6期14卷 661-677页

作者： Qiang Li Xin Li Youhua Ran Min Feng Yanyun Nian Meibao Tan Xi Chen Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing of Gansu Province Heihe Remote Sensing Experimental Research StationNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouPeople’s Republic of China National Tibetan Plateau Data Center Key Laboratory of Tibetan Environmental Changes and Land Surface ProcessesInstitute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences BeijingPeople’s Republic of China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingPeople’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouPeople’s Republic of China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouPeople’s Republic of China Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqiPeople’s Republic of China

The aral sea crisis is considered one of the most severe ecological tragedies from the 1960s in Central Asia.The reasons for this crisis,especially in the twenty-first century,are still scientific disputes.This study investigated the relationship between land cover change in the aral sea related basins and the aral sea crisis from 2000 to 2020 by employing the GlobeLand30 dataset with 30 m resolution.Results showed that the cultivated land in the aral sea basin increased by 2,291 km^(2),and 75.4%of it occurred in the region of Karakum Canal,the largest water conservancy project for irrigation in the world.The water surface area of reservoirs increased by 1,183.5 km^(2) during the same period.Coincident with this change,the aral sea further shrank from 26,280.8 km^(2) in 2000 to 9,285.2 km^(2) in 2020,mainly occurred in the first decade of the twenty-first century.These imply that the aral sea crisis is persistent in the twenty-first century and is likely driven by water competition among different regions within the basin for agricultural irrigation.Strengthening the coordination and cooperation of crossboundary water resource management is still the most important management strategy choice to address the crisis from a broader perspective.

关键词： aral sea Karakum Canal water resource management endorheic river basins remote sensing

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Impact of aridization on soil cover transformation of the aral sea and the modern Syr-Darya Delta

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2011年第2期3卷 150-154页

作者： Tomina Tatyana KONSTANTINOVNA Azhikina Natalya ZHEKSEMBAEVNA Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry named after Uspanov

The effects of human activities on the soil cover transformation in the eastern part of Kazakhstan were investigated during the period of 1956-2008.The results of the research for different soil types in Priaralye indicated that there was 643.3×103 hm2 solonchaks,accounting for 38.5 % of the total area（1670.5×10^3 hm^2） in 2008.Vast areas are occupied with dried lakeshore soil（311.1× 10^3 hm^2）,sandy soils（147.6×10^3 hm^2） and grey-brown desert soils and solonetzes（146.7×10^3 hm^2）.In 2001 the area of solonchak was 755×103 hm2 and decreased to 643.3×10^3 hm^2 in 2008,which due to the shrinkage of the aral sea,the areas of marsh and lakeshore solonchaks decreased with the increase of dried bottom of the aral sea.The level of soil cover transformation in the modern delta of the Syr-Darya River can be seen from the comparison of the results obtained from the different years in the study area.The area of solonchaks increased by 10×10^3 hm^2 and the area of alluvial-meadow salinizied soils increased by 17.9×10^3 hm^2 during the period of 1956-1969.It means that many non-salinizied soils were transformed into salinizied ones.Striking changes occurred in the structure of soil cover as a result of aridization.So,the researches in1969 significantly determined the areas of hydromorphic soils subjected to desertification（it was not fixed on the map before 1956）.Later,these soils were transformed into takyr-like soils.The area of takyr-like soils increased almost by 3 times for 34 years（from 1956 to 1990）.The long-term soil researches on soil cover transformation in Priaralye have shown that the tendencies of negative processes（salinization and deflation） are being kept and lead to further soil and eco-environment degradation in the region.

关键词： soil transformation aridization aral sea Syr-Darya Delta

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Forecasting changes of hydrological and hydrochemical conditions in the aral sea

引用

Geodesy and Geodynamics 2014年第3期5卷 55-58页

作者： Vakhob Rafikov Mamadjanova Gulnora Institute of Seismology of the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan

The increase of irretrievable river water withdrawals and regulation of river flow has a negative effect on the natural regime of the aral sea. The Ainu Darya River and the Syr Darya River Basins are the largest irrigated farming areas. Their favorable soil and climatic conditions ensure guaranteed yields of various crops on irrigated lands. Since 1961, for the drastic increase of irretrievable river water withdrawal, mainly for irrigation, the inflow of fiver water into the aral sea has started to decrease significantly, accordingly the sea＇s hydrological and hydrochemical regimes disrupted dramatically. The sea level has continued to drop as evaporation exceeds inflow. This negatively transforms the natural environment and worsens socio-economic conditions in Priaralie as a whole, especially in the lower reaches of Amu Darya and Syr Darya, where natural conditions are largely determined by the sea＇s impact. At present, this causes desertification of the nonirrigated zone in the deltas, spreading to new areas as the aral sea dries out.

关键词： aral sea hydrological condition hydrochemical condition fiver water withdrawal natural environment

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Surface water and aerosol spatiotemporal dynamics and influence mechanisms over drylands

引用

Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第2期14卷 295-310页

作者： Xiangyue Chen Hongchao Zuo Wenpeng Wang Jikai Duan Mingheng Chang Jingzhe Wang College of Atmospheric Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Artificial Intelligence Shenzhen PolytechnicShenzhen 518055China State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Under the background of global warming and excessive human activities,much surface water in drylands is experiencing rapid degradation or shrinkage in recent years.The shrinkage of surface water,especially the degradation of lakes and their adjacent wetlands in drylands,may lead to the emergence of new salt dust storm hotspots,which causes greater danger.In this paper,based on high spatial resolution global surface water(GSW)and multiangle implementation of atmospheric correction(MAIAC)AOD data,we systematically analyze the dynamic characteristics of surface water and aerosols in typical drylands(Central Asia,CA)between 2000 and 2018.Simultaneously,combined with auxiliary environment variables,we explore the driving mechanisms of surface water on the regional salt/sand aerosols on different spatial scales.The results show that the seasonal surface water features an increasing trend,especially a more dramatic increase after 2015,and the permanent surface water indicates an overall decrease,with nearly 54.367%at risk of receding and drying up.In typical lakes(aral sea and Ebinur Lake),the interannual change feature of the surface water area(WA)is that a continuous decrease during the study period occurs in aral sea area,yet a significant improvement has occurred in Ebinur Lake after 2015,and the degradation of Ebinur Lake takes place later and its recovery earlier than aral sea.The aerosol optical depth(AOD)in CA shows obvious seasonal variation,with the largest in spring(0.192±0173),next in summer(0.169±0.106),and the smallest in autumn(0.123±0.065).The interannual variation of AOD exhibits an increase from 2000 to 2018 in CA,with high AOD areas mainly concentrated in the Taklamakan Desert and some lake beds resulting from lake degradation,including aral sea and Ebinur Lake.The AOD holds a similar trend between aral sea and Ebinur Lake on an interannual scale.And the AOD over Ebinur Lake is lower than that over aral sea in magnitude and lags behind in reaching the peak compared with aral sea.The WA change can sign

关键词： Surface water Aerosols PLS-SEM Central Asia aral sea Ebinur Lake

来源：

维普期刊数据库评论

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Long-term variations in runoff of the Syr Darya River Basin under climate change and human activities

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2021年第1期13卷 56-70页

作者： Sanim BISSENBAYEVA Jilili ABUDUWAILI Assel SAPAROVA Toqeer AHMED State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Al-Farabi Kazakh National University Almaty 050040Kazakhstan Institute of Geography Satbayev UniversityAlmaty 050010Kazakhstan Centre for Climate Research and Development COMSATS University IslamabadTarlai Kalan 45550Pakistan

In this study,we analyzed the hydrological and meteorological data from the Syr Darya River Basin during the period of 1930–2015 to investigate variations in river runoff and the impacts of climate change and human activities on river runoff.The Syr Darya River,which is supplied by snow and glacier meltwater upstream,is an important freshwater source for Central Asia,as nearly half of the population is concentrated in this area.River runoff in this arid region is sensitive to climate change and human activities.Therefore,estimation of the climatic and hydrological changes and the quantification of the impacts of climate change and human activities on river runoff are of great concern and important for regional water resources management.The long-term trends of hydrological time series from the selected 11 hydrological stations in the Syr Darya River Basin were examined by non-parametric methods,including the Pettitt change point test and Mann-Kendall trend tests.It was found that 8 out of 11 hydrological stations showed significant downward trends in river runof f.Change of river runoff variations occurred in the year around 1960.Moreover,during the study period(1930–2015),annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,and annual potential evapotranspiration in the river basin increased substantially.We employed hydrological sensitivity method to evaluate the impacts of climate change and human activities on river runoff based on precipitation and potential evapotranspiration.It was estimated that human activities accounted for over 82.6%–98.7%of the reduction in river runoff,mainly owing to water withdrawal for irrigation purpose.The observed variations in river runoff can subsequently lead to adverse ecological consequences from an ecological and regional water resources management perspective.

关键词： river runoff variations water resources management land use/land cover changes Mann-Kendall trend test hydrological sensitivity analysis aral sea Central Asia

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Spatiotemporal changes in water,land use,and ecosystem services in Central Asia considering climate changes and human activities

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2021年第9期13卷 881-890页

作者： YU Yang CHEN Xi Ireneusz MALIK Malgorzata WISTUBA CAO Yiguo HOU Dongde TA Zhijie HE Jing ZHANG Lingyun YU Ruide ZHANG Haiyan SUN Lingxiao State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Cele National Station of Observation&Research for Desert Grassland Ecosystem in Xinjiang Cele 848300China Polish-Chinese Centre for Environmental Research Institute of Earth SciencesUniversity of Silesia in KatowiceBankowa 1240-007 KatowicePoland Advanced Research Institute Southwest University of Political Science&LawChongqing 401120China School of Tourism&Research Institute of Human Geography Xi'an International Studies UniversityXi'an 710128China School of Environment and Material Engineering Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China

Central Asia is located in the hinterland of Eurasia,comprising Kazakhstan,Uzbekistan,Kyrgyzstan,Turkmenistan,and Tajikistan;over 93.00%of the total area is dryland.Temperature rise and human activities have severe impacts on the fragile ecosystems.Since the 1970s,nearly half the great lakes in Central Asia have shrunk and rivers are drying rapidly owing to climate changes and human activities.Water shortage and ecological crisis have attracted extensive international attention.In general,ecosystem services in Central Asia are declining,particularly with respect to biodiversity,water,and soil conservation.Furthermore,the annual average temperature and annual precipitation in Central Asia increased by 0.30℃/decade and 6.9 mm/decade in recent decades,respectively.Temperature rise significantly affected glacier retreat in the Tianshan Mountains and Pamir Mountains,which may intensify water shortage in the 21st century.The increase in precipitation cannot counterbalance the aggravation of water shortage caused by the temperature rise and human activities in Central Asia.The population of Central Asia is growing gradually,and its economy is increasing steadily.Moreover,the agricultural land has not been expended in the last two decades.Thus,water and ecological crises,such as the aral sea shrinkage in the 21st century,cannot be attributed to agriculture extension any longer.Unbalanced regional development and water interception/transfer have led to the irrational exploitation of water resources in some watersheds,inducing downstream water shortage and ecological degradation.In addition,accelerated industrialization and urbanization have intensified this process.Therefore,all Central Asian countries must urgently reach a consensus and adopt common measures for water and ecological protection.

关键词： water resources land-use changes ecosystem services climate changes human activities aral sea

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Investigation of crop evapotranspiration and irrigation water requirement in the lower Amu Darya River Basin, Central Asia

引用

Journal of Arid Land 2021年第1期13卷 23-39页

作者： Durdiev KHAYDAR CHEN Xi HUANG Yue Makhmudov ILKHOM LIU Tie Ochege FRIDAY Abdullaev FARKHOD Gafforov KHUSEN Omarakunova GULKAIYR State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia Chinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China Ministry of Water Resources of the Republic of Uzbekistan Scientific Research Institute of Irrigation and Water ProblemsTashkent 100187Uzbekistan Key Laboratory of GIS&RS Application Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011China

High water consumption and inefficient irrigation management in the agriculture sector of the middle and lower reaches of the Amu Darya River Basin(ADRB)have significantly influenced the gradual shrinking of the aral sea and its ecosystem.In this study,we investigated the crop water consumption in the growing seasons and the irrigation water requirement for different crop types in the lower ADRB during 2004–2017.We applied the FAO Penman–Monteith method to estimate reference evapotranspiration(ET0)based on daily climatic data collected from four meteorological stations.Crop evapotranspiration(ETc)of specific crop types was calculated by the crop coefficient.Then,we analyzed the net irrigation requirement(NIR)based on the effective precipitation with crop water requirements.The results indicated that the lowest monthly ET0 values in the lower ADRB were found in December(18.2 mm)and January(16.0 mm),and the highest monthly ET0 values were found in June and July,with similar values of 211.6 mm.The annual ETc reached to 887.2,1002.1,and 492.0 mm for cotton,rice,and wheat,respectively.The average regional NIR ranged from 514.9 to 715.0 mm in the 10 Irrigation System Management Organizations(UISs)in the study area,while the total required irrigation volume for the whole region ranged from 4.2×109 to 11.6×109 m3 during 2004–2017.The percentages of NIR in SIW(surface irrigation water)ranged from 46.4%to 65.2%during the study period,with the exceptions of the drought years of 2008 and 2011,in which there was a significantly less runoff in the Amu Darya River.This study provides an overview for local water authorities to achieve optimal regional water allocation in the study area.

关键词： crop evapotranspiration crop water requirement net irrigation requirement CROPWAT model Amu Darya River aral sea

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：