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Morphology and multigene phylogeny revealed Peroneutypa aquilariae sp.nov.(Diatrypaceae,Xylariales)from aquilaria sinensis in Yunnan Province,China

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Studies in Fungi 2022年第1期7卷 128-138页

作者： Tian-Ye Du Samantha C.Karunarathna Xian Zhang Dong-Qin Dai Ying Gao Ausana Mapook Saowaluck Tibpromma Center for Yunnan Plateau Biological Resources Protection and Utilization College of Biological Resource and Food EngineeringQujing Normal UniversityQujing 655011YunnanChina Center of Excellence in Fungal Research Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand School of Science Mae Fah Luang UniversityChiang Rai 57100Thailand

Dead twigs of aquilaria sinensis(Thymelaeaceae)with fungal fruiting bodies were collected from Xishuangbanna,Yunnan Province,China.After initial morphological observations,an interesting fungus whose morphologically resembled Peroneutypa was isolated.Molecular phylogeny of combined ITS and tub2 showed our fungal collection is phylogenetically closely related to P.mackenziei.However,in morphology,our fungal collection is distinct from P.mackenziei in having an ostiolar canal without periphyses and the absence of paraphyses.Based on unique morphological characteristics and multigene phylogenetic analyses results,our fungal isolate is described in this paper as Peroneutypa aquilariae sp.nov.In addition,this is the first report of the genus Peroneutypa from the host A.sinensis.Full description,illustrations,and a phylogenetic tree to show the placement of the new species are provided.A synoptic table of morphological characteristics in Peroneutypa reported worldwide is also provided.

关键词： sp.nov illustration aquilaria

Pollination and seed dispersal of aquilaria sinensis(Lour.)Gilg(Thymelaeaceae):An economic plant species with extremely small populations in China

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Plant Diversity 2016年第5期38卷 227-232页

作者： Gao Chen Changqiu Liu Weibang Sun Kunrning Botanical Garden Kunrning Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunrning 650201YunnanChina Key Laboratory for Plant Diversity and Biogeography of East Asia Kunming Institute of BotanyChinese Academy of SciencesKunming 650201YunnanChina

Pollination and seed dispersal in angiosperms have long been investigated in order to understand the coevolution of plants and animals.However,the signals from flowers and/or seeds to attract pollinators and/or seed dispersers have received comparatively little attention.In this study,the pollination biology and seed dispersal of the vulnerable agarwood plant aquilaria sinensis(Lour.) Gilg,a traditional medicinal plant in China,was studied in its natural distribution range.The reproductive tactics of A.sinensis were studied in detail by employing various tests dealing with fruit set and also seed dispersal.Dynamic headspace extraction followed by GC-MS analysis was also performed in order to reveal the composition of floral scent.The results showed that noctuids and pyralids are the most effective pollinators of pollinator-dependent A.sinensis.The main compounds of the floral scent were(E,E)-α-Farnesene(61.9 ± 3.2%),trans-Ocimene(16.6 ± 1.2%),and Benzyl salicylate(4.6 ± 1.1%).The results obtained from seed dispersal experiments indicate that hornets are effective seed dispersers and they may play an important role in long-distance seed dispersal of A.sinensis.Based on our findings,we recommend several protection methods for this threatened agarwood plant in China.

关键词： aquilaria GC-MS Pollination Pyralidae Seed dispersal Vespa

History and perspectives of induction technology for agarwood production from cultivated aquilaria in Asia: a review

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Journal of Forestry Research 2019年第1期30卷 1-11页

作者： Putra Desa Azren Shiou Yih Lee Diana Emang Rozi Mohamed Forest Biotech Laboratory Department of Forest Management Faculty of Forestry Universiti Putra Malaysia Department of Forest Management Faculty of ForestryUniversiti Putra Malaysia

Agarwood, the resinous product of aquilaria spp.(Thymelaeaceae), is highly valued for medicinal and fragrant purposes. Unsustainable forest harvesting contributes to the declining population in the wild, threatening their existence. As a protection effort, cultivation occurred in range countries, mainly in Asia, effectively establishing mass plantations. The success of domesticating aquilaria relies heavily on technological advancement in agarwood induction, without which the entire thriving industry will collapse. In this paper, we describe efforts since 1929 and current progress and variation in induction as practiced in Asia. The methods include traditional practices and artificial induction via inoculum and chemical inducer, experimented and patented or otherwise. Artificial induction methods are being developed to intensify agarwood production in terms of yield and quality. While traditional methods are commonly applied by rural planters, artificial methods with the use of specific agents/chemicals are seen as more appealing for inducing agarwood, and have a higher demand from entrepreneurs and plantation owners.Several issues related to induction technology faced by stakeholders in agarwood cultivation are presented, such as safety levels, cost, yields, and quality. We conclude by highlighting remaining challenges in induction methods and their associated technologies.

关键词： aquilaria Agarwood Cultivation 'Gaharu’ Inducer Inoculum

Effect of lyophilized aqueous leaf extract of aquilaria subintegra on aphrodisiacproperties in mice

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2019年第4期8卷 167-173页

作者： Nur Hidayat Che Musa Haniza Hanim Mohd Zain Mohammed Muayad TA Husni Ibrahim Biology Department Faculty of Science and MathematicsSultan Idris Education University35900 Tanjong MalimPerak Darul RidzuanMalaysia Environmental Research Centre University of TechnologyBaghdadIraq

Objective: To investigate the effects of aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts on the aphrodisiac properties including sexual behaviour, testosterone level, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice. Methods: In this experiment, each male cohabitated with one female in a polysulfone cage. 30 ICR male mice were divided into 6 groups that received normal saline (the control group), 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg, 500 mg/kg, and 1000 mg/kg body weight of aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts orally for 21 days consecutively. Sexual behavior, percentage of pregnancy, number of offspring and male to female ratio of offspring in ICR mice were measured according to the established methods. Testosterone level was measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results: Mice that received aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts at 50 mg/kg body weight (day 0) had significantly higher mount frequency as compared to the control group;groups treated with 100, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight extracts produced a greater number of offsprings when compared to the control group. All aphrodisiac parameters were similar between the treatment groups and the control group, indicating that aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extract did not significantly alter the aphrodisiac parameters. Conclusions: aquilaria subintegra leaf aqueous extracts have no effect on the aphrodisiac properties, but could increase the breeding rate in mice.

关键词： aquilaria subintegra Aphrodisiac Sexual behaviour Testosterone Offspring

Protective effects of Aristolochia longa and aquilaria malaccensis against lead induced acute liver injury in rats

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Journal of Acute Disease 2017年第5期6卷 193-197页

作者： Derouiche Samir Zeghib Khaoula Gharbi Safa Khelef Yahia Feriani Anouar Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology Faculty of natural science and lifeUniversity of Echahid Hamma Lakhdar-ElouedEl-oued39000El-ouedAlgeria Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology Faculty of Science of Sfax3018SfaxTunisia

Objective: To investigate the protective effects of Aristolochia longa (A. longa) and aquilaria malaccensis (A. malaccensis) on acute hepatotoxicity induced by lead in female albino rats. Methods: Twenty five (25) apparently healthy female Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups of five rats in each: control, Pb, Pb + A. longa (Ar), Pb+ A. malaccensis (Aq), and Pb+ A. longa (Ar) + A. malaccensis (Aq) lead (100 mg/kg b.w.) as Pb (C2H3O2)2 added in their drinking water for 75 days. A. longa (rhizome powder at a dose of 10 g/kg of diet ) and A. malaccensis (heartwood powder at a dose 10 g/kg of diet) were added to the feed during the last 15 days of lead exposed in the animals. Results: Obtained results revealed that lead treatment caused a significant increase in serum GOT, GPT and ALP activities and in liver of MDA level and CAT activity. In contrast, it led to an decrease in the liver GOT, GPT and GST activities and in GSH level in rats. Also, the results clearly showed that lead causes alterations of hepatic tissue in comparison with controls. Our results showed that treatment with A. malaccensis and A. longa a partial correction of the previous parameters. The histological observations confirmed the hepatoprotection results by the biochemical parameters. Conclusions: Results demonstrated beneficial effects of A. longa and A. malaccensis treatment in Pb-induced oxidative stress and tissue damage in liver.

关键词： Aristolochia longa aquilaria malaccensis Acute hepatotoxicity Acetate lead Stress oxidative

Cloning and Characterization of δ-Guaiene Synthase Genes Encoding a Sesquiterpene Cyclase from aquilaria microcarpa Cell Cultures

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第16期6卷 2603-2611页

作者： Fumiya Kurosaki Syun Hirohashi Takahiro Katoh Futoshi Taura Jung-Bum Lee Laboratory of Medicinal Bio-Resources Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences for Research University of Toyama Sugitani Toyama Japan

Three cDNA clones encoding δ-guaiene synthase, a sesquiterpene cyclase, were isolated from tissue cultures of aquilaria microcarpa, and data mining analysis of the orthologous genes suggested that 10 and 9 amino acid residues of N- and C-terminal ends of the translated products of these clones remained undefined. The recombinant enzyme proteins, to which the putative missing Nand C-terminal amino acid sequences (MSSAKLGSAS and ALLRHAIEI, respectively) were ligated, exhibited the catalytic activities of sesquiterpene biosynthesis. Among these three δ-guaiene synthases, two isoforms were capable of liberating α-guaiene, δ-guaiene, β-elemene plus α-humulene as a minor product, while remaining one isoenzyme generated α-, δ-guaiene and β-elemene but not α-humulene. Although the enzyme protein solely lacking in the N-terminal 10 amino acid residues was capable of synthesizing the sesquiterpenoids, the protein without 9 amino acids at Cterminal did not exhibit the catalytic activity. These results suggest that two types of δ-guaiene synthase;α-, δ-guaiene, β-elemene-producing type, and α-, δ-guaiene, β-elemene plus α-humulene-producing type;concomitantly occur in A. microcarpa cell cultures, and several amino acid residues at C-terminal of the synthase protein are essential to exhibit the catalytic activities as the sesquiterpene cyclase.

关键词： Methyl Jasmonate Yeast Extract Sesquiterpene δ-Guaiene Synthase aquilaria microcarpa

Medicinal Uses of Agarwood

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Chinese Medicine and Culture 2021年第4期4卷 260-265页

作者： Lertnimitphun Peeraphong Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Huachiew TCM ClinicBangkok 10100Thailand

Agarwood from aquilaria plants, also known as Chen Xiang (沉香), is traditionally used for the treatment of abdominal pain and as a sedative. Because of the great demand and the rareness of agarwood, extensive harvesting of aquilaria plants has nearly led to the extinction of the species. To fully utilize this resource, the use of different parts of aquilaria needs to be investigated. This article will focus on the pharmacological properties and the mechanism of action of different parts of aquilaria plants.

关键词： Agarwood aquilaria Chen Xiang(沉香) Chinese medicine

Correction to:Dynamic analysis of gene expression and determination of chemicals in agar wood in aquilaria sinensis

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Journal of Forestry Research 2021年第5期32卷 I0002-I0002页

作者： Zeqing Wu Wanzhen Liu Jing Li Liangwen Yu Li Lin College of Pharmacy Xinxiang Medical UniversityXinxiang 453003HenanPeople’s Republic of China College of Sports and Health Guangzhou Univeisity of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China College of Chinese Materia Medical Guangzhou University of Chinese MedicineGuangzhou 510006GuangdongPeople’s Republic of China

The article "Dynamic analysis of gene expression and determination of chemicals in agarwood in aquilaria sinensis",written by Zeqing Wu,Wanzhen Liu,Jing Li,Liangwen Yu and Li Lin was originally published elec-tronical... 详细信息

关键词： aquilaria Dynamic analysis

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柯拉斯那沉香化学成分分析

热带生物学报 2016年第1期7卷 111-116页

作者：王红妮董文化梅文莉李薇盖翠娟戴好富海南大学园艺园林学院海口570228 中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所/农业部热带作物生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室海口571101 海南省沉香工程技术研究中心海口571101

为了研究瑞香科沉香属植物柯拉斯那（aquilaria crassna）沉香的化学成分,采用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等进行分离纯化。结果表明：从其乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到10个化合物,运用波谱学方法分别鉴定为：2-（2-苯乙... 详细信息

为了研究瑞香科沉香属植物柯拉斯那（aquilaria crassna）沉香的化学成分,采用硅胶柱色谱,Sephadex LH-20柱色谱等进行分离纯化。结果表明：从其乙醇提取物的乙酸乙酯萃取物中分离得到10个化合物,运用波谱学方法分别鉴定为：2-（2-苯乙基）色酮（1）,6-甲氧基-2-（2-苯乙基）色酮（2）,2-[2-（4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（3）,6-甲氧基-2-[2-（4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（4）,6,7-二甲氧基-2-（2-苯乙基）色酮（5）,5-羟基-6-甲氧基-2-[2-（4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（6）,6-甲氧基-2-[2-（3-甲氧基-4-羟基苯）乙基]色酮（7）,6-甲氧基-2-[2-（3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（8）,6-羟基-2-[2-（4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（9）和6-羟基-2-[2-（3-羟基-4-甲氧基苯）乙基]色酮（10）。化合物2~10为首次从柯拉斯那沉香中分离得到。活性测试结果显示化合物4,5,7和8对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有一定的抑制活性。

关键词：沉香 aquilaria crassna 2-(2-苯乙基)色酮乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制活性