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Pediatric fatty liver disease:Role of ethnicity and genetics

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第23期20卷 7347-7355页

作者： Pierluigi Marzuillo Emanuele Miraglia del Giudice Nicola Santoro Department of Women and children and general and Specialized Surgery Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli80138 NaplesItaly Department of Pediatrics Yale University School of MedicineNew HavenCT 06520United States

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) comprehends a wide range of conditions, encompassing from fatty liver or steatohepatitis with or without fibrosis, to cirrhosis and its complications. NAFLD has become the most common form of liver disease in childhood as its prevalence has more than doubled over the past 20 years, paralleling the increased prevalence of childhood obesity. It currently affects between 3% and 11% of the pediatric population reaching the rate of 46% among overweight and obese children and adolescents. The prevalence of hepatic steatosis varies among different ethnic groups. The ethnic group with the highest prevalence is the Hispanic one followed by the caucasian and the African-American. This evidence suggests that there is a strong genetic background in the predisposition to fatty liver. In fact, since 2008 several common gene variants have been implicated in the pathogenesis of fatty liver disease. The most important is probably the patatin like phospholipase containing domain 3 gene (PNPLA3) discovered by the Hobbs’ group in 2008. This article reviews the current knowledge regarding the role of ethnicity and genetics in pathogenesis of pediatric fatty liver.

关键词： Non alcoholic fatty liver disease Ethnicity Patatin like phospholipase containing domain 3 gene Obesity Insulin resistance Glucokinase regulatory protein apolipoprotein c3 gene Farnesyl-diphosphate farnesyltransferase 1

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