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The“underfilled trinity model”of foreland basins revisited:reality or myth?

Journal of Palaeogeography 2024年第4期13卷 675-705页

作者： Xiu-Mian Hu Eduardo Garzanti Juan Li Marcelle BouDagher-Fadel Giovanni Coletti An-Lin Ma Wen-Dong Liang Wei-Wei Xue State Key Laboratory of Mineral Deposits Research Institute of Continental GeodynamicsSchool of Earth Sciences and EngineeringNanjing UniversityNanjing 210023China Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Universitàdi Milano-BicoccaMilano 20126Italy Department of Earth Sciences University College LondonGower StreetLondon WC1E 6BTUK

The“underfilled trinity”model of foreland-basin stratigraphy was proposed based on the observation that the initial sedimentary stages along the western and northern front of the western and central Alps were represented by shallow-water carbonates(Calcaires a Nummulites)overlain by hemipelagic marls(Marnes Bleues)and capped by siliciclastic turbidites(Gr es d'Annot).Subsequently,this model has been widely accepted and applied in foreland basins *** here re-investigated the Eocene-Oligocene sedimentary succession of the Western Alps to check its *** geological features of this region include:i)the existence of a Cretaceous-Eocene unconformity spanning more than 25 Myr in the studied sections;ii)a virtually synchronous age of the Calcaires a Nummulites,Marnes Bleues,and Gr es d'Annot formations across the Western Alps;iii)a long-term deepening-upward trend,from inner to outer ramp,documented by the Calcaires a Nummulites,followed by the pelagic Marnes Bleues and by the Gr es d'Annot turbidites;iv)the provenance of the Gr es d'Annot Formation from the Maures-Est erel Massif and/or CorsicaSardinia block in the south,rather than from the Alpine orogen in the *** integrating field observations,sedimentological,biostratigraphic,and provenance analyses,we found the Eocene“underfilled foreland”model too simplistic and inadequate to explain the basin evolution in the western Alpine *** on the alternative scenario proposed herein,the Annot and Barr^eme basins formed in the late Eocene(40-35 Ma)in an extensional/transtensional setting during a period of major change in tectonic stress fields across western Europe on the upper plate of the Apennine subduction.

关键词： Western Alps Paleogene Annot basin Foreland-basin models Flysch and molasse stages apenninic subduction

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