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Bacteriological Profile, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and Predictors of Bacteremia in Neonates with Clinical Sepsis at KCMC Hospital, Northern Tanzania

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第4期14卷 647-668页

作者： Nyemo P. Kwanga Aisa Shayo Rune Philemon Arnold Likiliwike Mselle Mathew Elise Kimambo Phillip Mrindoko Grace Kinabo Levina Msuya Hans Maro Raimos Olomi Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Kilimanjaro Christian Medical University College Moshi Tanzania Department of Pediatrics and Child Health Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre Moshi Tanzania UNICEF Tanzania Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background: Despite a significant decline in neonatal deaths in the last 20 years (5 million in 1990 to 2.4 million in 2019), the risk of death is still high, especially in developing countries. In Tanzania, neonatal sepsis is the third leading cause of neonatal death, accounting for 25% of all deaths. The rising global threat of antimicrobial resistance and the rising burden of neonatal death due to neonatal sepsis have been of great concern and have delayed progress toward reaching SDG goal 3.2 by 2030. This study aims to determine the bacteriological profile, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and predictors of bacteremia among neonates with clinical sepsis at KCMC Hospital in Northern Tanzania. Methodology: This study had a cross-sectional design conducted at KCMC Hospital, Northern Tanzania. The study population was neonates admitted to the neonatal unit at KCMC Hospital. Data were collected using questionnaires and blood cultures from neonates. Frequencies and proportions were used to summarize categorical variables, while continuous variables were summarized using mean and standard deviation. The frequencies and proportions of bacteria isolated and the antimicrobial susceptibility results were analyzed and compared using Pearson’s chi-square test and Fisher’s exact test where applicable. Modified Poisson regression model was used to determine factors associated with positive blood culture. Results: Out of 411 neonates with a clinical diagnosis of neonatal sepsis, 175 (42.9%) had positive blood cultures. Gram-positive bacteria were most frequently isolated at 52.3%, and gram-negative bacteria were 47.7%. Coagulase-negative Staphylococcus (30.7%) and Staphylococcus aureus (19.9%) were the predominant gram-positive isolates. Gram-negative isolates were Klebsiella spp 47 (26.7%), E. coli 10 (5.7%), and Citrobacter spp 10 (5.1%). The gram-positive isolates were sensitive to vancomycin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and ceftazidime, whereas the gram-negative were sensi

关键词： Bacteriological Profile antimicrobial susceptibility patterns Clinical Sepsis Neonates

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