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Effect of Aging on anticipatory Postural Adjustment and Reaction Times in the Pre-Crossing Phase of Obstacle Negotiation

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Advances in Aging Research 2015年第5期4卷 161-167页

作者： Maryam Hayati Saeed Talebian Hassan Ashayeri Behrouz Attarbashi Moghadam Department of Physical Therapy School of Rehabilitation Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Department of Basic Sciences School of Rehabilitation Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran

Background: Obstacle crossing is the common reason of falling in older adults. anticipatory postural adjustments phase (APAP) and reaction time phase (RTP) are two important factors in falling prediction. According to previous studies, these parameters increase in older adults at high risk falling. This study explored the effect of aging on APAP and RTP in obstacle negotiation. Method: Nineteen older adults (mean age: 66.73 ± 3.38 years) and twelve young adults (mean age: 26.5 ± 4.37 years), participated in this study. Participants take part in gait initiation task from a starting position on a force platform under two conditions, unobstructed and obstructed (obstacle placed at 1 m from the initial position). RTP and APAP were measured and Timed “Up” & “Go” test (TUG) as a functional test, recorded for all participants. Results: There was no significant difference between healthy young and older adults in RTP and APAP in the unobstructed and obstructed conditions. TUG test was the most sensitive indicator of falling between two groups. Conclusion: Information processing capacity for motor planning and proper strategy selection in pre crossing phase of obstacle negotiation did not have significant difference in healthy old and young groups. Maybe in respect to select healthy older adults without any neurological disorders and cognitive impairments, low attention demand of well learned walking and obstacle negotiation tasks, lead to perform both postural task more automatically and without any significant difference detection.

关键词： Obstacle Negotiation Fall anticipatory Postural Adjustment Phase Aging Reaction Time Phase

Identifying topologies and system parameters of uncertaintime-varying delayed complex networks

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2019年第1期62卷 94-105页

作者： WANG Xiong GU HaiBo WANG QianYao Lü JinHu LSC Academy of Mathematics and Systems Science Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Mathematical Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Automation Science and Electrical Engineering State Key Laboratory of Software Development Environment and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data and Brain Computing Beihang University

Node dynamics and network topologies play vital roles in determining the network features and network dynamical *** it is of great theoretical significance and practical value to recover the topology structures and system parameters of uncertain complex networks with available information. This paper presents an adaptive anticipatory synchronization-based approach to identify the unknown system parameters and network topological structures of uncertain time-varying delayed complex networks in the presence of noise. Moreover, during the identification process, our proposed scheme guarantees anticipatory synchronization between the uncertain drive and constructed auxiliary response network simultaneously. Particularly, our method can be extended to several special cases. Furthermore, numerical simulations are provided to verify the effectiveness and applicability of our method for reconstructing network topologies and node parameters. We hope our method can provide basic insight into future research on addressing reconstruction issues of uncertain realistic and large-scale complex networks.

关键词： system parameters and network topologies identification anticipatory synchronization uncertain time-varying delayed complex networks noise-perturbed complex networks

Balance control during gait initiation: State-of-the-art and research perspectives

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2017年第11期8卷 815-828页

作者： Eric Yiou Teddy Caderby Arnaud Delafontaine Paul Fourcade Jean-Louis Honeine Laboratoire CIAMS Université Paris-Sud Université Paris-Saclay Laboratoire CIAMS Université d’Orléans Laboratoire IRISSE UFR des Sciences de l’Homme et de l’Environnement Université de la Réunion Ecole Nationale de Kinésithérapie et Rééducation Department of Public Health Experimental and Forensic Medicine University of Pavia

It is well known that balance control is affected by aging, neurological and orthopedic conditions. Poor balance control during gait and postural maintenance are associated with disability, falls and increased mortality. Gait initiation-the transient period between the quiet standing posture and steady state walking-is a functional task that is classically used in the literature to investigate how the central nervous system(CNS) controls balance during a whole-body movement involving change in the base of support dimensions and center of mass progression. Understanding how the CNS in able-bodied subjects exerts this control during such a challenging task is a prerequisite to identifying motor disorders in populations with specific impairments of the postural system. It may also provide clinicians with objective measures to assess the efficiency of rehabilitation programs and better target interventions according to individual impairments. The present review thus proposes a state-of-the-art analysis on:(1) the balance control mechanisms in play during gait initiation in able bodied subjects and in the case of some frail populations; and(2) the biomechanical parameters used in the literature to quantify dynamic stability during gait initiation. Balance control mechanisms reviewed in this article included anticipatory postural adjustments, stance leg stiffness, foot placement, lateral ankle strategy, swing foot strike pattern and vertical center of mass braking. Based on this review, the following viewpoints were put forward:(1) dynamic stability during gait initiation may share a principle of homeostatic regulation similar to most physiological variables, where separate mechanisms need to be coordinated to ensure stabilization of vital variables, and consequently; and(2) rehabilitation interventions which focus on separate or isolated components of posture, balance, or gait may limit the effectiveness of current clinical practices.

关键词： Balance control anticipatory postural adjustments Leg stiffness Foot placement Lateral ankle strategy Foot strike pattern Vertical center of mass braking Dynamic stability Gait initiation Biomechanics

Summary of Development as a Reflective Practitioner

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海外英语 2012年第7X期 279-281页

作者：杨丽华 College of Foreign Languages Yunnan Agricultural University

Reflection is considered crucial and widely used in educational setting to help teachers to question their teaching practice and promote their professional *** a reflective practitioner is very important both for inservice and preservice *** reflecting on routine teaching practices,teachers can identify the strengths and weaknesses of each session and make improvements upon the inadequacies so that to promote and enhance professional development and *** this article,a reflective teacher presents her developing process as a reflective practitioner which is encouraging and inspiring to provide other practitioners in the similar context with a different perspective and reference.

关键词： reflective practitioner anticipatory reflection re

An ongoing concern: Helping children comprehend death

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Open Journal of Nursing 2013年第3期3卷 307-313页

作者： Sandra L. McGuire Logan S. McCarthy Mary Anne Modrcin Caylor School of Nursing Lincoln Memorial University Harrogate USA

This article addresses the need for anticipatory guidance about death and death education with young children. Children often experience the death of an immediate family member before the age of ten. This number increases if one considers the loss of friends, pets, and other loved ones. However, children experience a death with little or no anticipatory guidance or knowledge about death. anticipatory guidance can assist the child in having a better understanding of a death when it occurs. Talking about death with children can be difficult for adults. However, it is important to address the topic and realize the impact anticipatory guidance in relation to death can have in assisting with childhood bereavement, anticipatory grief, and anticipatory adaptation. By providing anticipatory education related to death symptoms such as grief, anger, and/or fear, regressive or aggressive behaviors can be prevented or lessened when a death occurs. Age appropriate developmental levels for understanding the concept of death, resources for death education, and literature that can be used for death education are presented. Any resource used for death education with children should be carefully reviewed by the adult for its appropriateness prior to its use.

关键词： Children Death Education anticipatory Guidance

Is State Anhedonia Characteristic of Parkinson’s Disease?

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Advances in Aging Research 2015年第6期4卷 225-229页

作者： Gwenolé Loas Pierre Krystkowiak Department of Psychiatry & Laboratory of Psychiatric Research (ULB 266) Cliniques Universitaires de Bruxelles H&#244pital Erasme Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Bruxelles Belgium Department of Neurology Amiens University Hospital Amiens France Laboratoire de Neurosciences Fonctionnelles et Pathologie (LNFP) University of Picardie Jules Verne (UPJV) Amiens France.

Anhedonia, the lowered ability to experience pleasure, is one of the non-motor symptoms in Parkinson’s disease. Recently, the distinction between consummatory and anticipatory anhedonia has been proposed and anhedonia, notably in PD, could constitute a stable characteristic (anhedonia-trait) or secondary symptom (anhedonia-state). Several studies, using healthy control groups, reported high state consummatory and anticipatory anhedonia in PD using the Snaith Hamilton Pleasure Scale (SHAPS), but when control groups included subjects with different illnesses no significant differences were reported. The aim of the present study was to compare PD subjects with subjects presenting a non-Parkinson motor neurological disease on the anhedonia subscale of the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II). This subscale rated consummatory and anticipatory anhedonia state. No significant difference was reported. This result confirmed that PD subjects were not characterized by high levels of state anhedonia when the subjects were compared to subjects with a different disease. Contrary to trait consummatory anhedonia, state anhedonia could be nonspecific to Parkinson’s disease.

关键词： Parkinson’s Disease Anhedonia Consummatory anticipatory Depression BDI-II