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Selecting accurate post-elimination monitoring tools to prevent reemergence of urogenital schistosomiasis in Morocco:a pilot study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 664-672页

作者： Abdelaali Balahbib Fatima Amarir Paul L.A.M.Corstjens Claudia Jde Dood Govert Jvan Dam Amina Hajli Meryem Belhaddad Bouchra El Mansouri Abderrahim Sadak Mohamed Rhajaouim El Bachir Adlaoui National Reference Laboratory for Schistosomiasis and Malacology National Institute of HygieneAgdalRabatMorocco Faculty of Science Laboratory of Zoology and General BiologyAgdalRabatMorocco Laboratory of Parasitology and Malacology Institute of Nursing Professions and Health TechniquesCasablancaMorocco Department of Molecular Cell Biology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands Department of Parasitology Leiden University Medical CenterLeidenThe Netherlands

Background:After alleged stop of transmission of schistosomiasis and further down the line in post elimination settings,sensitive tools are required to monitor infection status to prevent potential *** Rahala,where transmission cycle of Schistosoma haematobium is interrupted since 2004 but where 30%of snails are still infected by ***,potential human *** infection can’t be *** methods based on egg-counts do not provide the required sensitivity,antibody or antigen assays are envisaged as the most appropriate tools for this type of ***:In this pilot study,the performances of three assays were compared:two commercially available antibody tests(ELISA and haemagglutination format)indicating exposure,and an antigen test(lateral flow strip format)demonstrating active *** 37 recruited study participants resided in Rahala(Akka,province Tata,Morocco).Participants had been diagnosed and cured from schistosomiasis in the period between 1983 and *** 2015 these asymptomatic participants provided fresh clinical samples(blood and urine)for analysis with the aforementioned diagnostics ***:No eggs were identified in the urine of the 37 *** haemagglutination test indicated 6 antibody positives whereas the ELISA indicated 28 antibody positives,one indecisive and one false *** and haemagglutination results matched for 18 individuals,amongst which 5 out of 6 haemagglutination *** the antigen test(performed on paired serum and urine samples),serum from two participants(cured 21 and 32 years ago)indicated the presence of low levels of the highly specific Schistosoma circulating anodic antigen(CAA),demonstrating low worm level infections(less than 5 pg/ml corresponding to probably single worm pair).One tested also CAA positive with *** indicated the presence of human anti-Schistosoma antibodies in these two CAA positive cases,haemagglutination results were ***:To pre

关键词： Schistosomiasis Transmission stop Elimination Monitoring antibody test Antigen test Circulating Anodic Antigen(CAA) Active infection

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Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第42期17卷 4682-4688页

作者： Dana L Bruden Michael G Bruce Karen M Miernyk Julie Morris Debby Hurlburt Thomas W Hennessy Helen Peters Frank Sacco Alan J Parkinson Brian J McMahon Arctic Investigations Program Division of Preparedness and Emerging InfectionsNational Center for Emerging Zoonoses and Infectious DiseasesCenters for Disease Control and Prevention Alaska Native Tribal Health Consortium Anchorage

AIM： TO evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasive tests in a population of Alaska Native persons. High rates of Helicobacter pylori （H. pylon] infection, H. pyIori treatment failure, and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status at multiple time points over a patient＇s *** test, 13C urea breath test （UBT）, and immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of 13C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori test by culture or, in case of a negative culture result, by positive histology and a positive rapid urease test.RESULTS： The sensitivity and specificity of the 13C- UBT were 93% and 88%, respectively, relative to the gold standard. The antibody test had an equivalent sensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%. The false positive results for the antibody test were associated with previous treatment for an H. pylorlinfection [relative risk （RR） = 2.8]. High levels of antibodies to H. py/or/were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender, while high scores in the 13C-UBT test were associated with older age and with theH. pylori bacteria load on histological examination （RR = 4.4）. CONCLUSION： The 13C-UBT outperformed the antibody test for H. pylori and could be used when a noninvasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment outcome or when monitoring for reinfection.

关键词： Urea breath test antibody test Sensitivity Specificity

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