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Valorization of the Caragana waste via two-stage bioaugmentation: Optimizing nutrition composition, palatability, and microbial contaminant control

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Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts 2024年第4期9卷 518-533页

作者： Guilin Du Marina Tišma Beiru He Xinghui Zhai Chenyang Yuan Zhengding Su Jiping Shi Baoguo Zhang Laboratory of Biorefinery Shanghai Advanced Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesShanghai 201210China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China School of Life Science and Technology ShanghaiTech UniversityShanghai 201210China Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Faculty of Food Technology OsijekFranje Kuhača 18Osijek HR-31000Croatia School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Institute of Materia Medica Xinjiang UniversityUrumqi 830017China

Caragana korshinskii kom. (CKK) waste, a common forestry byproduct in northwest of China, presents challenges in its transformation into alternative ruminant feed due to its initial nutritional limitations and unappealing palatability. Conventional strategies, such as ensiling and fungal- based solid-state fermentation (SSF) cannot effectively address this issue in practice. Herein, a two-stage bioaugmentation (TBA) process was devised, leveraging the benefits of ensiling and SSF. During the anaerobic ensiling phase, CKK waste was inoculated with Lactiplantibacillus plan- tarum LP1, effectively suppressing potential animal pathogens such as Aspergillus and Nocardiop- sis while enriching the material with potential probiotics like Pediococcus and Lactiplantibacillus , reaching an abundance of 95.7%. In the subsequent aerobic SSF stage, the ensiled CKK under- went inoculation with the white-rot fungus Irpex lacteus F17, which became enriched to 87.9%. Comprehensive multi-omics analysis identified Irpex as the key taxon, possessing an extensive redox enzyme system that led to the improvement in nutrient composition, reduction of astrin- gent phenolic substances, and mitigation of mycotoxins. As a result, the crude protein content of the CKK increased by 39.2%, while lignin, total phenolic substances, and tannic acid content de- creased by 24.4%, 52.2%, and 51.4%, respectively. The mycotoxin levels, including aflatoxin B1 , zearalenone, and vomitoxin, were rendered negligible, confirming the safety. Overall, this study demonstrates the TBA strategy can successfully transform challenging and unpalatable CKK waste into a nutrient-enriched and safe mycelium-based bioproduct, thereby enabling the valorization of a previously underutilized forestry resource as a promising alternative feed.

关键词： Caragana waste Two-stage bioaugmentation Alternative feed anti-nutritional factor Mycotoxin

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Optimization and Shelf-Life Evaluation of Pearl Millet Based Halwa Dry Mix

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Journal of Food Science and Engineering 2011年第4期1卷 313-322页

作者： D. N. Yadav S. Balasubramanian J. Kaur T. Anand A. K. Singh Food Grains and Oilseeds Processing Division Central Institute of Post Harvest Engineering and Technology Ludhiana 141004 Punjab India Dairy Technology Division National Dairy Research Institute Karna1132001 Haryana India

Indian traditional sweet dish i.e. halwa was developed from pearl millet grains. Pearl millet grains （Pennisetum typhoides var. PHB-2168） were steamed for 20 min at 1.05 kg cm^2 in order to minimize lipase activity, total phenols, phytic acid and tannins content. Steamed grains were dried （12 ± 0.5% moisture content）, pearled, milled, sieved through sieve opening size of 0.234 mm and were used for study. Central composite rotatable design （CCRD） with three independent variables i.e. vanaspati, sugar and water for rehydration were used to design the experiments. Sensory responses and rehydration ratio were used to study the individual and interactive effects of variables. Sensory score for colour varied from taste 6.3-7.9, mouth feel 6.4-7.8, overall acceptability （OAA） 6.5-7.9 and rehydration ratio （RR） from 1.4 to 2.3. All the responses fitted into quadratic equation with R2 〉 0.80. Halwa dry mix was also evaluated for stability in polyethylene pouches at ambient conditions and the peroxide and free fatty acids value were 21.35 meqO2 kg^-1 fat, 0.55% （oleic acid）, respectively after 6 months of storage. Based on compromise optimization, optimum levels of the ingredients recommended with 86.4% desirability were： vanaspati 38.6 g 100 g^-1 pearl millet semolina （PMS）, sugar 88.7 g 100 g^-1 PMS and water for rehydration 151 mL 100 g^-1 dry mix.

关键词： Pearl millet hydrothermal treatment anti-nutritional factor halwa rehydration ratio.

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