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Journal of Ocean University of China 2023年第1期22卷 235-241页

作者： YANG Xu SHI Yongfu CAI Youqiong CHI Hai East China Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesShanghai 200090China

The objective of this study was to determine the quality changes and shelf life of ready-to-eat roasted antarctic krill,either untreated(CT)or treated with sodium diacetate(SD)or sodium diacetate and a deoxidizer(SDD),during storage at room temperature(25℃)by using sensory,physiochemical,and microbial ***,fluoride accumulation in this food product was used to evaluate its *** showed that the addition of SD and SDD resulted in better sensory scores compared of that of CT samples(Pantarctic *** results showed that the shelf life of ready-to-eat roasted antarctic krill treated with SDD was extended by up to 52 ***,rats fed ready-to-eat roasted antarctic krill showed accumulation of fluoride exclusively in the *** accumulation of fluoride residues in the thighbone showed *** concentrations of fluoride residues in rats were(1760.03±38.21),(2371.52±42.15)mgkg^(−1) and(3615.44±30.53)mgkg^(−1),which were less than sodium fluoride feeding group(4621.01±28.67)mgkg^(−1).The results suggested that the SD and SDD treatments led to better quality and shelf life extension

关键词： antarctic krill ready-to-eat product antioxidant quality changes shelf life safety potential

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Purification and Characterization of a Novel Lipase from antarctic krill

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2020年第1期19卷 209-215页

作者： CHEN Xin WANG Chunlan XU Jiakun WANG Fang JIANG Yihui CHEN Yixuan and ZHAO Xianyong College of Food Science and Technology Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai 201306China Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesKey Laboratory of Sustainable Development of Polar FisheryMinistry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of PRCQingdao 266071China Laboratory for Marine Drugs and Bioproducts of Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology Qingdao 266237China Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266071China College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266100China

Lipase from antarctic krill,with a molecular weight of 71.27kDa,was purified with ammonium sulfate precipitation and a series of chromatographic separations over ion exchange(DEAE)and gel filtration columns(Sephacryl S-100),resulting in 5.2%recovery with a 22.4-fold purification *** optimal pH and temperature for enzyme activity were 8.0 and 45℃,*** lipase had Km and Vmax values of 3.27mmolL−1 and 2.4Umg−1,respectively,using p-nitrophenyl laurate as the *** activity was enhanced by adding Ca2+and Mg2+ions in the concentration ranges of 0–0.5mmolL−1 and 0–0.3mmolL−1,respectively,while the activity was inhibited by a further increase in these ion ***3+and Cu2+ions showed obvious inhibitory effects on enzyme activity,and the inhibition rates were 71.8%and 53.3%when the ion concentrations were 0.5mmolL−1.

关键词： antarctic krill lipase isolation and purification enzymology properties

Endogenous Trypsin Triggers Free Fluoride Release from antarctic krill(Euphausia superba)Cuticle

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2024年第3期23卷 766-774页

作者： PENG Yuanhuai JI Wei JI Hongwu HAN Zhiping ZHANG Shiqi WEN Yaping College of Food Science and Engineering Lingnan Normal UniversityZhanjiang 524048China College of Biological and Food Engineering Guangdong University of EducationGuangzhou 510303China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Products Processing and Safety Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China College of Food Science and Technology Guangdong Ocean UniversityZhanjiang 524088China College of Continuing Education Lingnan Normal UniversityZhanjiang 524048China

During postmortem storage,fluoride in antarctic krill can be enriched in the ***,as the most important digestive enzyme in antarctic krill with a high activity in low temperature,plays a potential role in this *** this study,endogenous trypsin was purified and its properties were *** involvement of trypsin in the generation of free fluoride from antarctic krill cuticle was *** microstructure before and after hydrolysis was compared with scanning electron microscopy,and the ash samples of the hydrolyzed antarctic krill cuticle were analyzed with X-ray diffraction,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,and electron dispersive spectroscopy,*** spectrometry analysis and inhibition tests confirmed that the purified enzyme was endogenous *** of the present study indicated that trypsin digestion caused the increases of the concentrations of both fluoride ions and free amino N simultaneously,while the protein coated on the cuticle surface was dissolved ***,no compositional change was detected in the cuticle inorganic *** findings suggest that trypsin triggered free fluoride release from antarctic krill *** addition,the kinetics of free fluoride release could be described by the equation C_(W)=(1-0.97^(-0.006t)-0.03e^(0.0558t))×337.53+*** present study improved the understanding of the role of trypsin in free fluoride release from antarctic krill cuticle,facilitating future studies aimed at reducing the fluoride content in krill protein during antarctic krill processing.

关键词： antarctic krill cuticle fluoride trypsin

Purification of Antimicrobial Peptide from antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) and its Function Mechanism

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Journal of Ocean University of China 2013年第3期12卷 484-490页

作者： ZHAO Ling YIN Bangzhong LIU Qi CAO Rong Department of Food Engineering and Nutrition Yellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences

The preliminary purification and antimicrobial mechanism of antimicrobial peptide from antarctic krill were studied in this paper. The results showed that the molecular weight range of antimicrobial polypeptide （CMCC-1） obtained by cation exchange chromatography was between 245-709D as detected by molecular sieve chromatography, and the minimum inhibition concentration （MIC） of CMCC-1 against Staphylococcus aureus was 5.0mgmL^-1. The antimicrobial mechanism of CMCC-1 was studied with S. aureus as indicator bacterium. Compared with control group, the results of the experimental group in which S. aureus was treated with CMCC-1 were as follows： l） CMCC-1 could inhibit cell division at logarithmic phase. 2） The protein and reducing sugar con- tent, and the conductivity of culture medium increased, and the activity of alkaline phosphatase and [3-galactosidase could be detected in the culture medium. 3） Observation under scanning electron microscope revealed that somatic morphology became irregular, and then somatic surface became coarse. The cell became much smaller, and most somatic ceils gathered. The boundary between cells became dim and finally fused as a whole. 4） Observation under transmission electron microscope showed that the surface of S. aureus became rough and the reproducing ability was restrained. The cell wall became thin and the cytoplasm shrunk. Substances inside cell leaked out, which caused cells death. 5） SDS-PAGE analysis showed that some bands disappeared, and the residual bands became vague. 6） The genomic DNA electrophoresis results showed that the genomic DNA bands ofS. aureus were not degraded but the brightness significantly reduced. Thus, it is supposed that CMCC-1 could destroy the cell wall and membrane of S. aureu, increase the cell membrane permeability and the leaking-out of intracellular substances, and thus cause the death ofS. aureu.

关键词： antarctic krill antimicrobial peptide purification antimicrobial mechanism

Study on chemical forms of fluorine enrichment of antarctic krill

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2000年第4期19卷 63-71页

作者： Pan Jianming, Zhang Haisheng, Liu Xiaoya (Second Institute of Oceanography, State Oceanic Administration, Hangzhou 310012, China) Second Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Hangzhou 310012 China

The different forms fluoine in different parts of molting process of krill was analyzed by culture of antarctic krill (Euphausia superba). The results shaw that fluorine amount in cuticle is up to 90% of total in the krill. During the krill molting process, the fluorine content in cuticle and muscle varies alternatively. This is to say, the fluorine content in new cuticle and muscle is much lower after molted, the fluorine in krill comes from seawater by biological absorption of the krill, and the fluorine absorbed by krill lost with the old cuticle at the end stage of molting process. Meanwhile, the new molting process starts again. The evidence is proved by the change of different forms fluorine content in cuticle and muscle during krill's molting process. At last the author proposes the fluorine enriching process model of antarctic krill.

关键词： antarctic krill fluorine enrichment chemical forms

A worldwide bibliometric analysis of antarctic krill research during 1960 to 2015

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Chinese Journal of Population,Resources and Environment 2017年第4期15卷 357-364页

作者： Fei Liu Library Beijing Normal University

This study conducted a bibliometric analysis of 1251 articles related to antarctic krill from 1960 to 2015, based on the Core Collection in Thomson Reuters＇ Web of Science. We analyzed the results from four aspects： annual distribution, Web of Science categories and the major journals, inter- national collaboration and author keywords. The antarctic krill research has developed rapidly since 1978, with an increasing article output. The studies mostly focused on the fields of marine and freshwater biology, oceanography, and ecology. Polar Biology, Marine Ecology-Progress Series and Deep-Sea Research Part II-Topical Studies in Oceanography, were the top three journals to publish the antarctic krill-related papers. Although Russia is the earliest state to report antarctic krill, U.S.A. and England were leaders with the largest output quantity and the highest cooperation frequencies. The researches in PR China have taken a blooming since 2009 and will play a more and more important role in the world. The frequencies of author keywords were counted. The high-frequency keywords were further divided into four groups with cohesive subgroup analysis, which suggested the major themes. This paper depicts the existing publica- tions on antarctic krill. Our goal is to serve a point of reference and provide the direction for the future work.

关键词： antarctic krill publications keywords analysis bibliometric analysis

Evaluation of the biological toxicity of fluorine in antarctic krill

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Advances in Polar Science 2014年第1期25卷 38-45页

作者： ZHANG Ling LU Xiaoqi WANG Zhangmin QIN Liqiang LIN Zhiqin YUAN Linxi ZHANG Wen YIN Xuebin School of Earth and Space Science University of Science and Technology of China Suzhou Key Lab for Eco-safety and Human Health Suzhou Institute for Advanced StudyUniversity of Science and Technology of China Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene School of Public HealthSoochow University Environmental Sciences Program Southern Illinois University Department of Orthopedics Research Institute Soochow University

antarctic krill is a potentially nutritious food source for humans, but lfuorine （F） toxicity is a matter of concern. To evaluate the toxicity of F in antarctic krill, 30 Wistar rats were divided into three groups with different dietary regimens：a control group, a krill treatment group （150 mg＆#183;kg-1 F）, and a sodium lfuoride （NaF） treatment group （150 mg＆#183;kg-1 F）. After three months, F concentrations in feces, plasma, and bone were determined, and the degree of dental and skeletal lfuorosis was assessed. The F concentrations in plasma and bone from the krill treatment group were 0.167 0＆#177;0.020 4 mg.L-1 and 2 709.8＆#177;301.9 mg＆#183;kg-1, respectively, compared with 0.043 8＆#177;0.005 5 mg＆#183;L-1 and 442.4＆#177;60.7 mg＆#183;kg-1, respectively, in samples from the control group. Concentrations of F in plasma and bone in the krill treatment group were higher than in the control group, but lower than in the NaF treatment group. The degree of dental lfuorosis in the krill treatment group was moderate, compared with severe in the NaF treatment group and normal in the control group. The degree of skeletal lfuorosis did not change signiifcantly in any group. These results showed that the toxicity of F in antarctic krill was lower than for an equivalent concentration of F in NaF, but it was toxic for rats consuming krill in large quantities. To conclude, we discuss possible reasons for the reduced toxicity of F in antarctic krill. The present study provides a direct toxicological reference for the consideration of antarctic krill for human consumption.

关键词： antarctic krill fluorine (F) fluorosis rat experiment toxicological effect

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH OF FLUORIDE IN antarctic OCEAN Ⅱ. THE VARIATION CHARACTERISTICS AND CONCENTRATION CAUSE OF FLUORIDE IN THE CUTICLE OF antarctic krill

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 1993年第2期4卷 36-41页

作者：张海生泮建明程先豪夏卫平

The cause of the concentration of fluoride in Antaractic krill is studied by the analysis of the characteristics of fluoride change in the cuticle of the krill before and after moulting. Associated with other related information, the source and accumulating mechanism of fluoride in krill are also disscussed. Results show that as an inorganic medium the cuticle of krill has the second concentrating function and action to fluoride after moulting , which has nothing to do with the biological action of the krill. The fluoride is concentrated from seawater, which is prosecuted mainly in the form of ion exchange.

关键词： antarctic krill concentration cause fluoride

The distribution and standing crops of antarctic krill in the Prydz Bay region during the austral summer of 1991/1992 and 1992/1993

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 1997年第1期8卷 58-66页

作者：陈雪忠徐震夷陈冠镇

The horizontal and vertical distributions of antarctic krill in the Prydz Bay region were investigated in 1991/1992 and 1992/1993. The result showed that the high density distribution area of antarctic krill was within the area of 63°～67°S 、68°E and the waters of above 70 m deep. The standing crops of antarctic kill was 1.699×10 6 t within the surveyed area of 150533.9 km 2 in 1991/1992 and 4.043×10 6 t within the surveyed area of 125740.7 km 2 in 1992/1993.

关键词： antarctic krill distribution standing crops Prydz Bay.

BIOGEOCHEMISTRY RESEARCH OF FLUORIDE IN antarctic OCEAN Ⅰ. THE STUDY OF FLUORIDE ANOMALY IN antarctic krill

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Chinese Journal of Polar Science 1993年第1期4卷 55-61页

作者：张海生潘建明程先豪朱碧英

The aim of the study is to investigate the existing form and the partitioning pattern of fluoride in krill (Euphusia superba) by analysing the fluoride and other elements in various part of krill, primarily to approach the potential concentrating mechanism and the effect of fluoride in krill on the geochemical characteristics of fluoride in the antarctic ecoenvironment. The results of the study show that the amount of flouride in various part of krill has a considerable difference. Most of fluoride is concentrated in the carapace, up to 4028 μg/g, and the head and legs, respectively 2724 μg/g and 2828 μg/g. The muscle contains the least flouride with amount of 226 μg/g. The amount of fluoride in whole freeze - dried krill is averagely 1232 μg/g, which indicates that the functional position of fluoride in krill is mainly located at the crust. Only a few of fluoride is found in the chitin of the carapaces (200 μg/g), which exhibits that fluoride in the carapaces exists mostly in the form of the nonchitious constitutent. In addition, the variation and concentration of flouride is related closely to some other elements such as P, Ca. Thus, fluoride in the carapaces is likely to exist as the form of the inorganic salt with P and Ca. It is also estimated frorn the study that a slightly higher concentration of fluoride in seawater and lower in sediment of the area relative to other oceans is possibly affected by the concentration of fluoride in the huge storage of krill in the area. The bioprocesses and precipitation with relation to the activity of krill should be very important and key sectoin to the geochemical cycling of the fluoride in antarctic ocean.

关键词： antarctic krill Fluoride Ecoenvironment