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Ore-Forming Fluids Characteristics and Metallogenesis of the anjing Hitam Pb-Zn Deposit in Northern Sumatra, Indonesia

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Journal of Earth Science 2019年第1期30卷 131-141页

作者： Chaowen Huang Gaofeng Du Huajun Jiang Jianfeng Xie Daohan Zha Huan Li Chun-Kit Lai Key Laboratory of Metallogenic Prediction of Nonferrous Metals and Geological Environment Monitoring Ministry of Education School of Geosciences and Info-Physics Central South University Geological Survey of Anhui Province School of Earth and Space Sciences University of Science and Technology of China Research Institute of Hunan Provincial Nonfenous Metals Geological Exploration Bureau Hunan Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Utilization Faculty of Science Universiti Brunei Darussalam Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits(CODES) University of Tasmania

The anjing Hitam Pb-Zn deposit in northern Sumatra(Indonesia) is one of the largest Pb-Zn deposits in the region. The stratiform orebodies are mainly hosted in the middle member of the Carboniferous–Permian Kluet Formation of the Tapanuli Group. Mineral paragenesis and crosscutting relationships suggest a two-stage Pb-Zn mineralization:(I) sedimentary and(Ⅱ) hydrothermal mineralization. Ore-related calcite from both stages Ⅰ and Ⅱ contains mainly liquid-and gas-liquid two-phase-type fluid inclusions(FI). For stage I ore-forming fluids, FI homogenization temperatures(T_h) are 105 to 199 oC, and the salinities are 9.6 wt.% to 16.6 wt.% NaCleqiv, reflecting low temperature and medium-low salinity; whereas in stage Ⅱ, the T_h(206 to 267 oC) and salinity(19.0 wt.% to 22.5 wt.% NaCleqiv) are considerably higher. Fluid inclusion and C-O isotope characteristics suggest that the stage I ore-forming fluids were mainly derived from a mixture of seawater and magmatic fluids(probably from deep-lying plutons), whereas the stage Ⅱ ore-forming fluids were likely magmatic-derived with wall rock input. We propose that the anjing Hitam deposit was a Carboniferous exhalative sedimentary(SEDEX) deposit overprinted by the Pleistocene vein-style magmatic-hydrothermal mineralization.

关键词： anjing Hitam SEDEX, C-O isotopes fluid inclusion Sumatra Indonesia

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