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Replacing fishmeal with soybean meal affects survival, antioxidant capacity, intestinal microbiota, and mRNA expression of TOR and S6K1 in Macrobrachium rosenbergii

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Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2022年第2期40卷 805-817页

作者： Zhili DING Dongsheng ZHOU Jinxian ZHENG Xuefeng CHEN Youqin KONG Changle QI Yan LIU Qiongying TANG Guoliang YANG Jinyun YE Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Resources Conservation and Development College of Life ScienceHuzhou UniversityHuzhou 313000China Agriculture Ministry Key Laboratory of Healthy Freshwater Aquaculture Key Laboratory of Freshwater Aquaculture Genetic and Breeding of Zhejiang ProvinceZhejiang Institute of Freshwater FisheriesHuzhou 313001China

Using alternative plant-derived dietary protein to replace fishmeal,combined with practical evaluation indexes,is a recent focus for aquaculture *** 8-week feeding experiment with giant freshwater prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii post-larvae was conducted to determine the eff ects of replacing fi shmeal(FM)with soybean meal in the feed,in terms of growth performance,antioxidant capacity,intestinal microbiota,and mRNA expression of target of rapamycin(TOR)and ribosomal protein S6 kinase B1(S6K1).Four isonitrogenous diets with isocaloric value were prepared to contain 100%,75%,50%,or 25%FM as the protein source(dietary treatments FM100,FM75,FM50,and FM25,respectively).Each diet was fed to post-larval prawns(mean weight 0.045±0.002 g)twice a day in four *** signifi cant diff erence in weight gain was observed among all groups,but the survival rate of prawns fed the FM50 and FM25 diets was signifi cantly lower than that of prawns fed the FM *** mRNA expression of both TOR and S6K1 were the lowest in hepatopancreas of prawns fed the FM25 *** dismutase activity of prawns fed the FM25 diet was significantly lower than that of prawns fed *** contrast,the malondialdehyde content was signifi cantly higher in prawns fed FM25 as compared with those fed *** proportion of fishmeal in the diet did not affect the composition of core(phylum-level)intestinal microbiota,but greater fishmeal replacement with soybean meal had a potential risk to increase the relative abundance of opportunistic pathogens in the gut when considered at the genus *** results suggest that fishmeal replacement with soybean meal should not exceed 50%in a diet for post-larval ***.

关键词： animal protein plant protein replacement protein synthesis health crustacean

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Insulin resistance is associated with subclinical vascular disease in humans

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World Journal of Diabetes 2019年第2期10卷 63-77页

作者： María M Adeva-Andany Eva Ameneiros-Rodríguez Carlos Fernández-Fernández Alberto Domínguez-Montero Raquel Funcasta-Calderón Internal Medicine Department Hospital General Juan Cardona

Insulin resistance is associated with subclinical vascular disease that is not justified by conventional cardiovascular risk factors,such as smoking or *** injury associated to insulin resistance involves functional and structural damage to the arterial wall that includes impaired vasodilation in response to chemical mediators,reduced distensibility of the arterial wall(arterial stiffness),vascular calcification,and increased thickness of the arterial *** dysfunction associated to insulin resistance is present in asymptomatic subjects and predisposes to cardiovascular diseases,such as heart failure,ischemic heart disease,stroke,and peripheral vascular *** and functional vascular disease associated to insulin resistance is highly predictive of cardiovascular morbidity and *** pathogenic mechanisms remain *** studies have demonstrated that animal protein consumption increases the risk of developing cardiovascular disease and predisposes to type 2 diabetes(T2D)whereas vegetable protein intake has the opposite *** disease linked to insulin resistance begins to occur early in *** and adolescents with insulin resistance show an injured arterial system compared with youth free of insulin resistance,suggesting that insulin resistance plays a crucial role in the development of initial vascular *** of the vascular dysfunction related to insulin resistance should begin early in *** the clinical onset of T2D,asymptomatic subjects endure a long period of time characterized by insulin *** vascular dysfunction begins to develop during this phase,so that patients with T2D are at increased cardiovascular risk long before the diagnosis of the disease.

关键词： Diabetes Cardiovascular risk Arterial stiffness Arterial elasticity Intimamedia thickness Vascular calcification Insulin resistance animal protein Vegetable protein

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Review on Using of Housefly Maggots(Musca domestica)in Fish Diets

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Journal of Zoological Research 2020年第4期2卷 39-46页

作者： Hamed H.E.Saleh Aquaculture Division National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries(NIOF)El-FayoumEgypt

The main animal protein ingredient in fish diets is most often fishmeal because of its nutritional ***,the limited availability and increasingly cost of fishmeal has lead to investigations of either lowering or replacing the fishmeal content with more economic protein sources of animal and/or plant *** research for appropriate and cheap cost alternative sources of protein to use in commercial fish diets will be the most important factor in intensive fish culture *** meals are healthy and nutritious alternatives to fish meal due to their rich nutritional values,particularly protein,fat and *** maggots(Musca domestica)meal is also rich in B complex vitamins,trace elements and *** the results of previous studies,Housefly maggots meal can be used successfully to replace the fish meal portion partially or completely in the fish ***,the results observed that not physiological stressful was introduced in the fish by feeding Housefly maggots meal *** indicates that Housefly maggots meal were well utilized by the fish thus resulting in good growth of *** other study,observed a best growth performance with fish feeding on diets containing maggot’s meal compared with fish feeding on fishmeal *** indicates the high nutritional quality and fish acceptance of maggot’s meal.

关键词： animal protein Fishmeal Alternative sources of protein Fish diets Housefly maggots meal Physiological stressful Growth performance

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The Dutch, The World Tallest Are Shrinking in the Latest Decade or So: The Lessons from the Case of South Korea and Japan in North-East Asia

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2022年第1期13卷 85-96页

作者： Hiroshi Mori Senshu University Tokyo Japan

The Dutch have been the world tallest since the 1980s but plateaued in height for the past few decades. A century and a half ago, young men at 20 in the Netherlands were 165 cm in mean height, as tall as men in France and Portugal. They grew to 178 cm, as tall as Norwegian in 1960, and 183 cm in mean height in the 1990s and levelled off. It is most likely that the Dutch may have nearly attained genetic potential as a human being. The statue is a net measure that captures the supply of inputs to health. Based on the changes in per capita supply of protein from animal products, FAOSTAT, the Dutch seem to have reached the highest level in per capita supply of animal protein. Increases in the supply of protein, however, do not result in increasing human height, if consumption of other “essential nutrients” is insufficient (Blum, 2013;Mori, 2018)[1][2]. With the close case studies of Japan and South Korea in respect of food consumption specifically by children in growing ages, the author suspects that children in the Netherlands may have been insufficient in the supply of vegetables, “essential nutrients” on the top of animal products.

关键词： Men’s Height Growth Velocity Netherlands animal protein Vegetables Consumption by Age South Korea

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