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Contextual influences on animal decision-making:Significance for behavior-based wildlife conservation and management

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第1期12卷 32-48页

作者： Megan A.OWEN Ronald R.SWAISGOOD Daniel T.BLUMSTEIN Institute for Conservation Research San Diego Zoo GlobalSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Survival and successful reproduction require animals to make critical decisions amidst a naturally dynamic environmental and social background(i.e.“context”).However,human activities have pervasively,and rapidly,extended contextual variation into evolutionarily novel territory,potentially rendering evolved animal decision-making mechanisms and strategies *** suggest that explicitly focusing on animal decision-making(ADM),by integrating and applying findings from studies of sensory ecology,cognitive psychology,behavioral economics and eco-evolutionary strategies,may enhance our understanding of,and our ability to predict how,human-driven changes in the environment and population demography will influence animal ***,the decisions animals make involve evolved mechanisms,and behaviors emerge from the combined action of sensory integration,cognitive mechanisms and strategic rules of thumb,and any of these processes may have a disproportionate influence on *** there is extensive literature exploring ADM,it generally reflects a canalized,discipline-specific approach that lacks a unified conceptual *** a result,there has been limited application of ADM theory and research findings into predictive models that can enhance management outcomes,even though it is likely that the relative resilience of species to rapid environmental change is fundamentally a result of how ADM is linked to contextual ***,we focus on how context influences ADM,and highlight ideas and results that may be most applicable to conservation biology.

关键词： animal behavior anthropogenic change context decision-making wildlife management

Use of 3D-printed animal models as a standard method to test avian behavioral responses toward nest intruders in the studies of avian brood parasitism

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Avian Research 2022年第4期13卷 487-490页

作者： Xiangyang Chen Yan Cai Jiaojiao Wang Canchao Yang Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Ecology of Tropical Islands College of Life SciencesHainan Normal UniversityHaikou571158China

Living and/or non-living animal models are often used as stimuli to observe the behavioral responses of the target *** the past,parasites,predators,and harmless controls have been used to test host anti-parasitism defense behavior,and their taxidermy specimens have been widely used as a set of standard methods for the study of avian brood *** recent years,with the rapid development of 3D-printing technology,3D-printed bird models are expected to be applied as a standard method in the study of avian brood *** evaluate the use of 3D-printed models,this study tests the reaction of Oriental Reed Warbler(Acrocephalus orientalis)towards predators,parasites,or controls,and compares the reaction among different nest intruders and between taxidermy specimens and 3D-printed animal *** was found that the Oriental Reed Warbler responded most aggressively to the parasite,followed by predator,and finally the control;the results were consistent between the reaction to taxidermy specimens and 3D-printed animal models,indicating that 3D-printed models could serve as a substitute for taxidermy *** propose a series of advantages of using 3D-printed models and suggest them to be a standard method for widespread use in future studies of avian brood parasitism.

关键词： animal behavior Cuckoo parasitism Taxidermy specimens 3D-printed technology

Exposure to dietary mercury alters cognition and behavior of zebra finches

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 213-219页

作者： John R SWADDLE Tessa R. DIEHL Capwell E, TAYLOR Aaron S. FANAEE Jessica L. BENSON Neil R. HUCKSTEP Daniel A. CRISTOL Biology Department College of William and Mary Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA Biological Sciences Virginia Tech 1405 Perry Street Blacksburg VA 24061 USA

Environmental stressors can negatively affect avian cognitive abilities, potentially reducing fitness, for example by altering response to predators, display to mates, or memory of locations of food. We expand on current knowledge by investigating the effects of dietary mercury, a ubiquitous en- vironmental pollutant and known neurotoxin, on avian cognition. Zebra finches Taeniopygia gut- tata were dosed for their entire lives with sub-lethal levels of mercury, at the environmentally rele- vant dose of 1.2 parts per million. In our first study, we compared the dosed birds with controls of the same age using tests of three cognitive abilities： spatial memory, inhibitory control, and color association. In the spatial memory assay, birds were tested on their ability to learn and remember the location of hidden food in their cage. The inhibitory control assay measured their ability to ig- nore visible but inaccessible food in favor of a learned behavior that provided the same reward. Finally, the color association task tested each bird＇s ability to associate a specific color with the presence of hidden food. Dietary mercury negatively affected spatial memory ability but not inhibi- tory control or color association. Our second study focused on three behavioral assays not tied to a specific skill or problem-solving： activity level, neophobia, and social dominance. Zebra finches exposed to dietary mercury throughout their lives were subordinate to, and more active than, con- trol birds. We found no evidence that mercury exposure influenced our metric of neophobia. Together, these results suggest that sub-lethal exposure to environmental mercury selectively harms neurological pathways that control different cognitive abilities, with complex effects on be- havior and fitness.

关键词： animal behavior ecotoxicology cognition mercury spatial memory zebra finch.

Function of Ca^(2+)-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅳ in Ca^(2+)-stimulated neuronal signaling and behavior

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第1期58卷 6-13页

作者： SONG ZiXiang CHEN Qi DING Qi ZHENG Fei LI ChengWei XU LePing WANG HongBing Department of Adolescent Psychiatry and behavioral Therapy Heping Hospital Changzhou Department of Physiology Michigan State University Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Michigan State University College of Life Science and Agronomy Zhoukou Normal University Neuroscience Program Michigan State University

The activity of Ca2+/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase IV(Ca MKIV) is sensitive to activity-dependent changes in the level of intracellular Ca2+.Following neuronal stimulation,the activation of Ca MKIV may trigger synaptic modifications and transcriptional responses,both of which are involved in regulating cognitive and emotional ***,we used Ca MKIV knockout(KO) neurons and mice to examine the function of Ca MKIV in Ca2+-stimulated intracellular signaling and animal behavior,*** NMDA receptor activation or membrane depolarization,the up-regulation of CREB(c AMP responsive element binding protein) and its target gene Bdnf(brain-derived neurotrophic factor) was intact in cortical neurons obtained from Ca MKIV KO *** MKIV KO mice displayed severe impairment in contextual fear memory but normal locomotor activity and anxiety level in the contextual training *** Ca MKIV KO mice showed normal memory in the standard passive avoidance task,they were defective in learning the temporal dissociative passive avoidance *** indicated by the light/dark test and marble-burying test data,Ca MKIV KO mice showed less anxiety and normal *** the voluntary wheel-running test,Ca MKIV KO mice showed normal running time and distance but higher maximal running *** results demonstrate the function of Ca MKIV in regulating different forms of fear memory,anxiety,and certain aspect of motor function.

关键词： animal behavior calmodulin CREB ERK1/2 intracellular signaling learning and memory

Populations with individual variation in dispersal in heterogeneous environments: Dynamics and competition with simply diffusing populations

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Science China Mathematics 2020年第3期63卷 441-464页

作者： Robert Stephen Cantrell Chris Cosner Xiao Yu Department of Mathematics University of MiamiCoral GablesFL 33146USA School of Mathematical Sciences South China Normal UniversityGuangzhou 510631China

We consider a model for a population in a heterogeneous environment, with logistic-type local population dynamics, under the assumption that individuals can switch between two different nonzero rates of diffusion. Such switching behavior has been observed in some natural systems. We study how environmental heterogeneity and the rates of switching and diffusion affect the persistence of the population. The reactiondiffusion systems in the models can be cooperative at some population densities and competitive at others. The results extend our previous work on similar models in homogeneous environments. We also consider competition between two populations that are ecologically identical, but where one population diffuses at a fixed rate and the other switches between two different diffusion rates. The motivation for that is to gain insight into when switching might be advantageous versus diffusing at a fixed rate. This is a variation on the classical results for ecologically identical competitors with differing fixed diffusion rates, where it is well known that "the slower diffuser wins".

关键词： reaction-diffusion ecology and evolutionary biology population dynamics animal behavior individual variation in dispersal evolution of dispersal

Dispersal patterns of Reeves's pheasant based on genetic and behavioral evidence

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Current Zoology 2024年第4期70卷 480-487页

作者： Shuai Lu Xian Hou Shan Tian Zhengxiao Liu Yunqi Wang Ting Jin Jianqiang Li Pengcheng Wang Jiliang Xu School of Ecology and Nature Conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China State Key Laboratory of Efficient Production of Forest Resources Bejing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biodiversity and Biotechnology College of Life SciencesNanjing Normal UniversityNanjing 210o23China

Dispersal is an important life history trait that plays a crucial role in avoiding *** the dispersal pattern of a threatened species facilitates conservation *** species of Galliformes are forest-dwelling terrestrial birds with a weak dispersal ability and high conservation ***,little is known about the dispersal behavior and dispersal pattern of Galliformes species such as Reeves's pheasant Syrmaticus reevesi,a globally vulnerable species endemic to ***,we integrated behavioral and genetic analyses to inves-tigate the dispersal pattern of Reeves's *** results revealed that both females and males would disperse,although the overall dispersal pattern was more likely to be ***'s pheasant population had a low level of genetic diversity and a mild level of *** low genetic diversity was resulted from fragmented habitat,and male-biased dispersal may reduce the opportunity of *** research indicated that sex-biased dispersal patterns may be a behavioral mechanism adopted by wildlife to avoid inbreeding inafragmented habitat.

关键词： animal behavior dispersal Gallformes genetic diversity satellite tracking.

Integrative behavioral ecotoxicology： bringing together fields to establish new insight to behavioral ecology, toxicology, and conservation

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Current Zoology 2017年第2期63卷 185-194页

作者： Elizabeth K. PETERSON David B. BUCHWALTER Jacob L. KERBY Matthew K. LEFAUVE Claire W. VARIAN-RAMOS John R SWADDLE Department of Biological Sciences State University of New York-Albany Albany NY 12222 USA Department of Biological Sciences North Carolina State University Raleigh NC 27695 USA Department of Biology University of South Dakota Vermillion SD 57069 USA Department of Biological Sciences George Washington University Washington DC 20052 USA Department of Biology Colorado State University-Pueblo Pueblo CO 81001 USA Biology Department Institute for Integrative Bird Behavior Studies College of William & Mary Williamsburg VA 23187-8795 USA

The fields of behavioral ecology, conservation science, and environmental toxicology individually aim to protect and manage the conservation of wildlife in response to anthropogenic stressors, including widespread anthropogenic pollution. Although great emphasis in the field of toxicology has been placed on understanding how single pollutants affect survival, a comprehensive, interdis- ciplinary approach that includes behavioral ecology is essential to address how anthropogenic compounds are a risk for the survival of species and populations in an increasingly polluted world. We provide an integrative framework for behavioral ecotoxicology using Tinbergen＇s four postu- lates （causation and mechanism, development and ontogeny, function and fitness, and evolution- ary history and phylogenetic patterns）. The aims of this review are： 1） to promote an integrative view and re-define the field of integrative behavioral ecotoxicology; 2） to demonstrate how study- ing ecotoxicology can promote behavior research; and 3） to identify areas of behavioral ecotoxicol- ogy that require further attention to promote the integration and growth of the field.

关键词： animal behavior behavioral ecology conservation phylogenetic pollution toxicology.

A novel odor stimulation system in freely moving,behaving animals

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Integrative Zoology 2023年第4期18卷 782-797页

作者： Xinsong GUO Shan LI Xuejie YU Tingting WU Penglai LIU Yufeng SHAO Anan LI Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Brain Disease and Bio-information Research Center for Biochemistry and Molecular BiologyXuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology Institutes of Brain ScienceFudan UniversityShanghaiChina Artificial Auditory Laboratory of Jiangsu Province Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Departments of Neuroscience AnatomyHistologyand EmbryologyKey Laboratory of Preclinical Study for New Drugs of Gansu ProvinceSchool of Basic Medical SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhouChina

Precise and reliable presentation of odorants to animals is crucial for olfactory *** odor stimulation systems in anesthetized or awake,head-ﬁxed animals are well established,temporally precise odor presentation in awake,freely moving animals remains a ***,we describe a new odor stimulation system which presents odors directly to the nostrils of freely moving *** system comprises 3 modules:an odor-delivery module,an odor-generation module,and a control *** new system is precise and temporally reliable,and odor stimulation can be triggered by speciﬁc snifﬁng phases or other ***,the system can be combined with neural recordings,such as electrophysiology,and olfactory behavioral tests to investigate how neurons in the brain represent odor information during individual olfactory *** innovative odor stimulation system may replace traditional stimulation systems:It will enable precise odor presentation in a wide range of olfactory studies in freely moving animals.

关键词： animal behavior electrophysiology freely moving odor stimulation system olfaction