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amylose content,Morphology,Crystal Structure,and Thermal Properties of Starch Grains in Main and Ratoon Rice Crops

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第4期90卷 1119-1130页

作者： Na Kuang Huabin Zheng Qiyuan Tang Yuanwei Chen Xiaomin Wang Youyi Luo College of Agronomy Hunan Agricultural UniversityChangsha410128China

Rice ratooning,or the production of a second rice crop from stubble after the harvest of the main crop,is considered to be a green and resource-efficient rice production *** present study was conducted to examine variance in amylose content(AC),grain morphology,crystal structure,and thermal properties of starch between main-and ratoon-season rice of seven ***-season rice grains had higher ACs and significantly lower transition gelatinization temperatures(To,Tp,and Tc)than did main-season rice *** relative crystallinity and lamellar peak intensity of ratoon-season rice starch were 7.89%and 20.38%lower,respectively,than those of main-season rice *** addition,smaller granules with smoother surfaces and lower thermal parameters were observed in the starch of ratoon-season *** relative crystallinity and lamellar peak intensity of starch correlated negatively with the AC and positively with transition gelatinization *** results suggest that the superior cooking quality of ratoon-season rice is attributable to the moderate increase of grain AC,which reduces the relative crystallinity,weakens the crystal structure,and lead to a decrease in the gelatinization temperature.

关键词： Ratooning rice starch amylose content crystal structure thermal property

Determination of amylose content and Its Relationship with RVA Profile Within Genetically Similar Cultivars of Rice(Oryza sativa ***)

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2010年第8期9卷 1101-1107页

作者： WANG Xin-qi YIN Lin-qing SHEN Ge-zhi XU Li LIU Qiao-quan Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences Shanghai 201106 P..R. China Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics Ministry of Education/Yangzhou Agricultural College Yangzhou 225009 P.R.China

Anther culture pure lines with antisense Wx gene were generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated co-transformation followed by anther culture in transgenic rice （Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica）. The antisense Wx transgenic pure lines were used to analyze the differences and the relationship between RVA eigenvalues among the lines with different amylose contents. 77 pure lines of anther culture having antisense Wx gene were studied for the amylose content of its offspring cultivar, Wuyunjing 7. It was found that levels ofamylose content were similar to the control in 19 lines （16.0%）; 1-5% lower than control in 50 lines, of which, within 11.0-13.9% in 40 lines; and 3.1-4.0% in 8 lines. The effect of the amylose content on RVA eigenvalue was analyzed through the RVA profile graphic comparison and test of significance for RVA eigenvalues. The analysis of RVA profiles with different amylose contents indicated that there were two kinds of RVA profiles within genetically similar cultivars. The lines with 3.1-4.0% of amylose content were distinctly different from other lines and conventional glutinous rice. The comparison of the similarity curve of RVA profile of the lines with different amylose contents showed that the lines with lower amylose content had a distinguished RVA profile with the curve increasing gradually, but not exceeding the first apex. The test of significance for eigenvalues of the RVA profile in the lines with different amylose contents indicated that there were five eigenvalues remarkably different among the lines with 3.1-4.0% of amylose content compared with other two groups. Further, there were three eigenvalues remarkably different among the lines with 11.0-13.5% of amylose content compared with control group. An optimized mathematical model, which characterizes the relationships between the amylose content and RVA eigenvalue, has been established in this study. From this model, it was clearly indicated that the parameters PeT and SBV were more

关键词： antisense Wx gene amylose content RVA profile rice

Relationship Between the First Base of the Donor Splice Site of Waxy Gene Intron 1 and amylose content in Yunnan Indigenous Rice Varieties

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Rice science 2007年第3期14卷 189-194页

作者： ZHANG Ya 1i Xu Ming hui ZENG Ya wen YAO Chun xin CHEN Shan na Key Laboratoty of Biotechnology Research of Yunnan Province Yunnan Academy of Agricultural SciencesKunming650223China College of Lie Science Yunnan UniversityKunming650091China

There exists a single nucleotide polymorphism, G or T, at the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 in rice. In order to study the relationship between the first base of the donor splice site of waxy gene intron 1 and amylose content in rice, the one-step PCR method was used to determine whether it is G or T in 220 Yunnan indigenous rice varieties from 14 districts, 55 towns/counties of Yunnan Province, and 101 varieties of which were validated by the PCR-Acc I method. According to the G/T polymorphism, 164 rice varieties showed GG-genotype, while the other 56 fell into TT- genotype, accounting for 74.5% and 25.5% of all the test varieties, respectively. When all the rice varieties were divided into indica and japonica subspecies, it was found that 80.5% of indica rice and 67.0% of japonica rice belonged to GG-genotype. The rice varieties with GG-genotype had significantly higher amylose content （18.95% on average） than those with TT- genotype （all below 16%）, but 33 rice varieties with GG-genotype still had low amylose content ranging from 3.91% to 15.93%, and most of them came from the Dai minority area in the Southwest of Yunnan Province. However, there was no significant difference in the mean amylose content of the same GG or TT genotypes between indica and japonica rice, suggesting that different genetic backgrounds, indica or japonica, had no effect on amylose content. The coefficient of correlation between the genotype and amylose content was 0.733 （P〈0.01）.

关键词： Yunnan indigenous rice varieties waxy gene intron the first base of donor splice site amylose content genotype relationship

Correlation of Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) Variants in the Leader Sequence of the waxy Gene with amylose content of the Grain in Rice

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Acta Botanica Sinica 2001年第2期43卷 146-150页

作者：谈移芳张启发华中农业大学作物遗传改良国家重点实验室武汉430070

Variation of two simple sequence repeats (SSRs) in the leader region of the waxy gene was analyzed in a sample of 74 accessions, including Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica, japonica and wild rice (***) representing a wide distribution range of amylose content (AC) in cultivated rice. Eight alleles were detected in the (CT) n motif and two alleles were resolved in the (AATT) n motif. The distribution of the alleles of the two SSRs was quite uneven as detected by the (CT) n motif. The repeat numbers of the two SSR motifs, (CT) n and (AATT) n, appeared to be inversely related such that the total length of this region was maintained. AC of the varieties was highly correlated with the length of SSRs. Differences in AC among the various SSR genotypes were statistically highly significant as analyzed using genotypes of both SSR motifs. Although the SSR variation did not seem to have obvious function in the synthesis of the starch synthase encoded by the waxy gene, the almost perfect correlation between the two SSRs and AC level could be used for quality improvement in rice breeding programs.

关键词： microsatellite DNA rice quality amylose content

Lowering Grain amylose content in Backcross Offsprings of indica Rice Variety 057 by Molecular Marker-Assisted Selection

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Rice science 2005年第3期12卷 157-162页

作者： ZHANO Shi-lu NI Da-hu YI Cheng-xin LI Li WANG Xiu-feng WANG Zong-yang YANG Jian-bo Rice Research Institute Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences Hefei 230031 China Shanghai Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 200032 China Department of Agronomy Anhui Agricultural University Hefei 230036 China Anqing Institute of Agricultural Sciences Anqing 246007 China

To lower the amylose content （AC） of the indica rice restorer line 057 with high AC, backcrosses were made respectively by using four indica varieties （R367, 91499, Yanhui 559, Hui 527） as low AC donor parents and 057 as the recurrent parent. A molecular marker （PCR-Acc Ⅰ） was used to identify the genotypes （GG, TT and GT） of the waxy （Wx） gene. Plants with GT genotype were selected and used as female parent and crossed with 057 to advance generation. The ACs of rice grains harvested from plants with different Wx genotypes were measured and compared to analyze the efficiency of marker-assisted selection. The ACs of the rice grain, harvested from the plants of Wx genotypes GG, GT and TT, were higher than 20%, in the range of 17.7-28.5%, and less than 18%, respectively. The PCR-Acc Ⅰ marker could be used for efficiently lowering the AC of 057 through backcrossing, and there were some influence of parental genetic background on the AC of rice grains with the same Wx genotype.

关键词： molecular marker-assisted selection indica rice amylose content grain quality

Effect of Fast Neutron Irradiation on amylose content and Amylopectin Structure of Thailand Rice Cultivar Jao Hom Nin

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2010年第4期11卷 19-21,97页

作者：李梅广西农业职业技术学院广西南宁530007

[Objective]The aim was to research the effect of fast neutron irradiation on amylose content and amylopectin structure.[Method] The amylose content and amylopectin structure of the M4 plants of Thailand rice cultivar Jao Hom Nin irradiated with fast neutron at 13 Gy were evaluated and analyzed in this paper.[Result]The results showed that amylose content of rice could be changed by fast neutron irradiation,many rice mutants with reduced amylose content and many others with enhanced amylose content even some mutants with amylose content near to waxy rice could be isolated,but fast neutron irradiation almost had no effect on amylopectin structure of the samples.[Conclusion]The study provided a basis for breeding rice cultivar with different amylose content in order to meet with the taste hobby of different people and the further processing of diverse rice products via the irradiation of fast neutron.

关键词： Rice Fast neutron Irradiation amylose content Amylopectin structure

Determination of Rice amylose content by Near-infrared Spectroscopy

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2017年第4期18卷 729-732页

作者：彭玉梅刘华强朱学栋杨霞何晓容蒋欢况小锁重庆市渝东南农业科学院重庆涪陵408000

amylose contents in 298 rice samples were determined by conventional method, and a near-infrared spectral model of rice amylose content was established by partial least squares. The calibration determination coefficient （RC） was 0.95; the standard error of calibration （SEC） was 1.58; and the determination coefficient of cross validation （RP） was 0.91, and the standard error of prediction SEP was 1.92. External validation was performed with 20 samples, the predicted values and the determined values were not significantly different, and the correlation coefficient between them was over 95%. The calibration model has good prediction perfor- mance, and could rapidly determine rice amylose content instead of chemical ana- lytical method.

关键词： Rice amylose content Near-infrared spectrum Partial least squares

Introgression of lac6/tl1/du13 improves the palatability of japonica rice

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The Crop Journal 2024年第4期12卷 1259-1265页

作者： Yong Yang Tao Zhang Yuliang Shi Yan Lu Qianfeng Li Xiaolei Fan Lichun Huang Lu Chen Xuetang Song Qing Liu Changquan Zhang Qiaoquan Liu Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genomics and Molecular Breeding/Zhongshan Biological Breeding Laboratory/Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of Education Agricultural College of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009JiangsuChina Jiang Su(Wu Jin)Rice Research Institute Changzhou 213175JiangsuChina

amylose content(AC)is a crucial determinant of the eating and cooking quality(ECQ)of rice,with low AC varieties exhibiting a softer texture and greater stickiness-attributes that enhance palatability and are desirable in specific culinary *** harness these traits,significant efforts have been made to manipulate AC to improve rice *** research utilized the MutMap+approach to identify LAC6/TL1,a gene that is an allele of Du13,responsible for low ***6 encodes a C2H2 zinc finger protein,which specifically increases the splicing efficiency of the Wxb allele without affecting the Wxa *** studies of LAC6 revealed that its proper integration could rectify the undesirable AC phenotype,whereas mutations within this gene led to reduced AC and were associated with shorter grain length and decreased thousand-grain *** these drawbacks,such mutations positively impact rice palatability,presenting a trade-off between grain size and eating *** address the challenges posed by the reduced grain weight associated with LAC6 mutations,we developed a specific molecular marker for LAC6,which has been effectively used in breeding programs to select lac6/tl1/du13 homozygous individuals with larger grain *** findings demonstrate that the“small grain”trait associated with lac6/tl1/du13 can be effectively mitigated through combined phenotype-based and marker-assisted *** study highlights the potential of lac6/tl1/du13 as a valuable gene for breeding novel,high-quality soft rice varieties through targeted breeding strategies.

关键词： Rice Dull endosperm amylose content Wx Breeding

Comparison of Near Infrared Spectroscopy Models for Determining Protein and amylose contents Between Calibration Samples of Recombinant Inbred Lines and Conventional Varieties of Rice

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Agricultural Sciences in China 2007年第8期6卷 941-948页

作者： ZHANG Hong-jiang WU Jin-hong LUO Li-jun LI Ying YANG Hua YU Xin-qiao WANG Xiao-shan CHEN Liang MEI Han-wei Shanghai Agrobiological Gene Center Shanghai 201106 P.R.China

The near infrared spectra of 178 recombinant inbred lines （RILs） from the cross of Ⅱ-32B/Yuezaoxian 6 （YZX6） and 511 varieties in rice were acquired. A total of 80 RILs and 96 cultivars were selected as modeling samples by comparing the spectra similarity primarily. Three partial least square （PLS） regression models were developed, based on the RILs （RIL-model）, the varieties （Var-model） and their mixture （Mix-model）, for protein content （PC） and amylose content （AC）, respectively. Cross validation and outer prediction showed that the models were largely influenced by the range and distribution of modeling samples. The regression model of PC based on the cultivars and the model of AC based on RILs had higher coefficient of determination （r^2 ≥ 0.9） and lower root mean square error of cross validation （RMSECVs）. The disadvantages of RIL samples for PC model and variety samples for AC model were probably caused by the narrow range of variance. Aberrant predictions were obtained for outer sample with PC or AC outside the range or within the distribution gap of modeling samples. The Mix-models gave more reliable prediction as the distribution of RIL and variety modeling samples were complementary to each other.

关键词： Oryza sativa L. protein content amylose content NIR spectroscopy RILs varieties