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Enhancing the total organic carbon measurement efficiency for water samples containing suspended solids using alkaline and ultrasonic pretreatment methods

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2020年第4期32卷 20-28页

作者： Han-Saem Lee Jin Hur Hyun-Sang Shin Department of Environment Energy Engineering Seoul National University of Science&TechnologySeoul01811South Korea Department of Environment&Energy Sejong UniversitySeoul05006South Korea

In this study,we investigated the effect of sample pretreatments(ultrasonication and alkaline extraction)on total organic carbon(TOC)measurements for water samples containing suspended solids(SS)of four different origins(algae,soil,sewage sludge,and leaf litter)to more clearly assess the impact of particulate organic carbon(POC)in *** effects each of ultrasonication(power,pulse,etc.)and alkaline extraction condition(concentration,time,etc.)on the TOC recovery and precision were investigated,and the results were compared with those of a new sample pre treatment method combining both *** treatment(0.01 mol/L NaOH)showed higher precision than ultrasonication(100/5 on/off pulse),and notably,the differences among the measured TOC values in samples of different origins were also further reduced in the alkaline *** suggests that the ultrasonic pretreatment results can be mainly attributed to the increase in POC recovery through particle size reduction,whereas the alkaline treatment results are achieved through the enhancement of POC *** is also particularly noteworthy that a higher TOC recovery of 87.6%±7.4%with a higher precision of 8.4%could be obtained using the combined method,compared to each treatment(ultrasonic:TOC recovery 34.7%,relative standard deviation 63.1%;alkaline:49.6%and 23.0%,respectively).Thus,simultaneous pretreatment with ultrasonication and alkaline extraction is expected to increase the oxidation rate of organic matter and the homogeneity of the samples,minimizing the loss of POC measurement values,and thereby improving the reliability of the TOC measurements of water samples containing SS.

关键词： Total organic carbon Suspended solids Pretreatment Ultrasonication alkaline extraction

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Optimization of Protein extraction and Decoloration Conditions for Tea Residues

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2017年第4期3卷 172-176页

作者： CUI Qiaoyun NI Xinghong ZENG Liang TU Zheng LI Jin SUN Kang CHEN Xuan LI Xinghui Tea Research Institute Nanjing Agricultural University College of Food Science Southwest University

To optimize alkaline method for extracting proteins from tea residue(TR), the effect of extraction conditions on tea protein extraction rate(TPER) was investigated. Single factor experiment showed the extraction temperature 80 °C, extraction time 100 min, p H value 13 and liquid–solid ratio 40:1 as the optimal extraction conditions. The orthogonal test revealed that the maximum TPER reached 29.71% under the following optimal combination of conditions: extraction temperature 70 °C, extraction time 60 min, p H 12 and liquid–solid ratio 50:1. For optimizing the purification of tea residue proteins, isoelectric point precipitation(p I), ammonium sulfate precipitation(a S) and isoelectric point plus ammonium sulfate precipitation(i PAS) were compared. The result showed that the highest protein precipitation rate(PPR) was 89.70% which was generated by using i PAS. Furthermore, powdered activated carbon was chosen as the most suitable decolorant for the extracted proteins.

关键词： tea protein alkaline extraction protein precipitation protein decoloration

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Coconut Press Cake alkaline Extract—Protein Solubility and Emulsification Properties

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第9期4卷 29-37页

作者： Borges Chambal Bjorn Bergenstahl Petr Dejmek Department of Chemical Engineering Faculty of EngineeringEduardo Mondlane UniversityMaputoMozambique Department of Food Technology Engineering and Nutrition Lund UniversityLundSweden

The solubility and the emulsification properties of a crude freeze dried alkaline protein extract (APE), 30% protein, obtained from coconut milk press cake by one step extraction at pH 11, were characterized at pH 2 to 11, and the cream and subnatant fractions of the emulsion studied by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. The protein solubility followed U profile, showing a minimum at pH 3 to 4, close to but not identical to reported iso-electric points of 4 - 5 for many coconut protein fractions. The extract showed good capacity to form oil-in-water emulsion outside the low solubility pH range. The bands that appeared to play a role in the emulsification were found at 32 and 42 kDa in SDS-PAGE electrophoresis, but the most predominant absorbed band was at 23 kDa.

关键词： Coconut Proteins Coconut Milk Press Cake alkaline extraction Oil-in-Water Emulsions Solubility SDS-PAGE Electrophoresis

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Purification of β-Glucan of Oyster Mushroom (Pleurotus pulmonarius) and Its Application in Model Food

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Agricultural Sciences 2023年第12期14卷 1732-1750页

作者： Hulya Demir Health Science Faculty Yeditepe University Istanbul Türkiye

Mushrooms are recognized as sources of β-glucan. The aim of this study was to purify β-glucan from oyster mushrooms (Pleurotus pulmonarius) by alkaline extraction. The extracted β-glucan was added to a cracker recipe and the sensory, physical and estimated glycemic index of the final product were evaluated. Optimum extraction parameters were determined to be 80˚C, 90 minutes and 30% KOH. The β-glucan crackers had a glycemic index ranging from 88.07 to 67.32, while glucose had a glycemic index of 100. Based on the sensory study, it can be concluded that crackers enriched with β-glucan and possessing functional qualities may meet consumer expectations.

关键词： Oyster Mushroom alkaline extraction Glycemic Index

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