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Determination of Organochlorine Pesticide Residues in Pumpkin, Spinach and Sorrel Leaves Grown in akwanga, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第5期9卷 508-515页

作者： E. G. Ibrahim N. Yakubu L. Nnamonu J. M. Yakubu Dept. of Pure and Applied Chemistry Plateau State University Bokkos Plateau Stae Nigeria Demonstration Secondary School College of Education Akwanga Nasarawa State Nigeria Dept. of Chemistry and Agrochemical Technology University of Agriculture Ma-kurdi Benue State Nigeria Dept. of Microbiology Federal University Wukari Wukari Nigeria

Three green leafy vegetable samples of pumpkin leaves, spinach leaves, and sorrel leaves were collected from a farm in akwanga and were tested for the presence of residues of organochlorine pesticides. The concentrations of all the pesticide residues in the vegetable samples were determined using GC/MS. Among the organochlorine pesticide p,p’-DDT was detected in pumpkin (0.75 mg/kg), spinach (0.319 mg/kg) and sorrel (0.219 mg/kg). θ-BHC and γ-BHC were detected only in pumpkin leaves (0.359 mg/kg and 0.647 mg/kg respectively). Dieldrin was detected in spinach and sorrel (0.124 mg/kg and 0.053 mg/kg respectively). Endrin was detected in pumpkin (0.732 mg/kg) and Aldrin in sorrel (0.095 mg/kg). All these values were above the maximum residue limit (MRL) value of the pesticides. Endosulfan II was detected in sorrel (0.306 mg/kg) below the MRL. The levels of most of the pesticide residues found in vegetables were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) that call for laws to regulate the use and circulation of such chemicals. Routine monitoring of pesticide residues in this study area is necessary for the prevention, control and reduction of environmental pollution, to minimize health risks.

关键词： akwanga Organochlorine Pesticide Residues Maximum Residue Limit Vegetables

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Prevalence of Organophosphorous Pesticide Residues in Pumpkin, Spinach and Sorrel Leaves Grown in akwanga, Nasarawa State, Nigeria

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2018年第5期9卷 516-524页

作者： E. G. Ibrahim N. Yakubu L. Nnamonu J. M. Yakubu Dept. of Pure and Applied Chemistry Plateau State University Bokkos Jos Plateau Stae Nigeria Demonstration Secondary School College of Education Akwanga Nasarawa State Nigeria Dept. of Chemistry and Agrochemical Technology University of Agriculture Ma-kurdi Benue State Nigeria Dept. of Microbiology Federal University Wukari Wukari Nigeria

Three green leafy vegetable samples of pumpkin leaves, spinach leaves, and sorrel leaves were collected from three different locations in a farm in akwanga and were tested for the presence of organophosphorus (OP) compounds. The concentrations of all the pesticide residues in the vegetable samples were determined using gas chromatography with mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The organophosphorus pesticides detected include carbaryl (0.052 mg/kg) in pumpkin, this is below European maximum residues limit (EU MRL) of 0.1 mg/kg, Dimethoate was found in pumpkin (0.165 mg/kg), spinach (0.103 mg/kg) and sorrel (0.250 mg/kg) all above the EU MRL of 0.05 mg/kg. Dichlofenthion was detected in pumpkin (0.308 mg/kg), pirimiphos methyl was detected in pumpkin and spinach (0.428 mg/kg and 0.149 mg/kg respectively), all these were below the EU MRL of 0.5 mg/kg. Chlorpyrifos was found in spinach (0.230 mg/kg) and sorrel (0.192 mg/kg) only spinach was above the EU MRL of 0.2 mg/kg. The pesticide residue Bromophosethyl was detected in all vegetables, pumpkin leaves (0.501 mg/kg), sorrel (1.571 mg/kg) and spinach (7.981 mg/kg) all above the EU MRL of 0.5 mg/kg. The remaining pesticides detected were all below their EU MRL value;these are Ethion found in spinach (0.167 mg/kg), Methyl Parathion in spinach (0.103 mg/kg) and sorrel (0.335 mg/kg). The levels of some of the organophosphorus pesticide residues found in vegetables were above the maximum residue limits (MRLs) set by the European Union. This calls for laws to regulate the use and circulation of such chemicals. Based on the observation made in these studies, it is proposed that more extensive monitoring investigation covering all vegetables part in akwanga Nasarawa state be carried out to find the exact position of pesticide residues.

关键词： akwanga Pesticide Residues Organophosphorous Maximum Residue Limit

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