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Multi-agent mobile networking observation experiment at the air-sea interface of ocean eddy

Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第10期67卷 3083-3097页

作者： Yi ZHANG Dongxiao WANG Li ZHOU Chunhua QIU Yunfei ZHANG Zhiliang DENG Biao ZHANG Yunping LIU Yeqiang SHU Fenghua ZHOU Danian LIU Zhengqiu ZHANG School of Marine Sciences Sun Yat-Sen University Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai) School of Marine Technology and Geomatics Jiangsu Ocean University Zhuhai Yunzhou Intelligent Technology Co. Ltd.Research and Design Center School of Automation Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology School of Marine Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography South China Sea Institute of Oceanology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Current climate forecasting has advanced to the stage of investigating mesoscale air-sea interactions. Recent studies have identified significant structural differences between the cores and edges of mesoscale eddies; however, the effects of these structural variations on air-sea fluxes and the Marine Atmospheric Boundary Layer(MABL) remain underexplored. Traditional observations often fail to capture the detailed structures of eddies, necessitating enhanced observations at high spatiotemporal resolution for mesoscale eddies. To address this, efforts have been made to develop multi-agent platforms and expendable air-sea interface observation technologies. A task-oriented observation scheme was developed to monitor the spatial characteristics of mesoscale eddies. The South China sea(SCS) is rich in mesoscale eddies with rapid motion changes, requiring enhanced observations of the air-sea interface using multi-agent mobile networking. An anticyclonic eddy was observed in the eastern region of the Xisha Islands in the SCS, and we examined variations in air-sea fluxes across different regions within the eddy.

关键词： Multi-agent Mobile networking Mesoscale eddy air-sea interface Collaborative observation

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CO_2 exchange at air-sea interface in the Huanghai sea

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2000年第1期19卷 79-89页

作者： Dong-Chan Oh Mi-Kyung Park Kyung-Ryul Kim (1. Department of Oceanography, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea) Department of Oceanography Seoul National University Seoul 151-742 South Korea

During the Huanghai sea Circulation and Material Flux Expedition in Spring 1996, fco_2 in surface water and atmosphere was measured. The fco2 in surface water varied in a range from 220 to 360 uatm1) while atmospheric concentration was nearly constant at 360μatm, showing that the Huanghai sea surface waters were undersaturated with respect to atmospheric Co during the time of investigation. A model was developed in this study in order to estimate the Co flux at the air-sea interface. The model incorporates the time-series variations of the distributions in SST (sea surface temperature), salinity, mixed-layer depth, atmospheric fco2, gas-transfer velocity, and CZCS chlorophyll concentration in the Huanghai sea and was calibrated with the observed fco2 data. The primary parameter affecting fco2 in surface water is the variation of SST through time. The annual fluxes of Co are estimated as 0. 033 Gt C from the sea into the atmosphere and 0. 044 Gt C from the air into sea. The Huanghai sea, thus behaves as a CO2 sink absorbing 0. 011 Gi C of CO2 a year. *** to about 0. 5 % of global oceanic absorption capacity.

关键词： Huanghai sea CO2 exchange air-sea interface

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Relations between Low-Frequency Modes of Climate Variability and air-sea Heat Flux at the Mediterranean interface

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Journal of Earth Science and Engineering 2014年第2期4卷 101-106页

作者： Lamri Nacef Nour El Islam Bachari Department of Ecology and Environment Faculty of Biological Sciences Houari Boumediene University of Science and TechnologyAlgiers 16111 Algeria

The main objective of this work is to examine statistical causality relationships between low-frequency modes of climate variability and winter （December to February） anomaly of net heat flux at the Mediterranean air-sea interface. The introduction of the concept of Granger causality allowed us to examine the influence of these climates indices on the net heat flux anomaly and to select Mediterranean surface regions that really influenced by each index. Results show that the winter anomaly of the net heat flux in the Algerian basin south and the gulf of Lion is mainly caused by the Arctic Oscillation. El Nifio-Southern Oscillation influences much more the Algerian basin north and the northern lonian sea. The Quasi-Biennial Oscillation affects only the Alboran and the Tyrrhenian seas. But the Adriatic and Levantine basin are impacted by any climate index. They also show that these climate indices can increase explained variance in winter variations of air-sea net heat flux by 10% to 15%, with a lag of three seasons. These relationships are less persistent and spatially limited.

关键词： Mediterranean sea winter net heat flux air-sea interface climate index causality analysis.

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An Eddy Perspective of Global air-sea Covariation

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Journal of Meteorological Research 2021年第5期35卷 882-895页

作者： Jianjie LIU Ge CHEN Guiyan HAN Bentao ZHANG Department of Marine Technology Institute for Advanced Ocean StudyOcean University of ChinaQingdao 266100 Laboratory for Regional Oceanography and Numerical Modeling Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237 Department of Guanlan Satellites for Marine Science Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and TechnologyQingdao 266237

Mesoscale eddies are widely distributed in the global *** affect the ocean flow field and material transport,and play an important role in the energy transfer between the ocean and the *** the development of high-resolution satellite observations,many regional studies are emerging on the coupling effects between mesoscale eddies and the *** this study,each identified global eddy(2010-2016,about 13 million eddies)is collocated and normalized with sea surface temperature(SST,2010-2014),sea surface wind(2010-2016),sea surface air temperature at 2 m(2010-2016),water vapor(2010-2014),evaporation rate(2010-2016),cloud liquid water(2010-2014),and rainfall rate(2010-2014).Four normalization methods are used:non-rotated normalization,and normalizations based on wind direction,flow direction,and eddy egg direction ***,the eddy explained variations of the air-sea parameters are calculated to obtain their spatial *** eddy explained variation ranges of the seven parameters are 24%-78%,12%-21%,3%-35%,8%-22%,9%-18%,0-53%,and0-58%,*** influence of mesoscale eddies on the air-sea interface can be summarized as a vertical mixing *** study is novel in that it explores the overlying air-sea distribution from the perspective of global *** numerical distributions of climatological air-sea parameters are determined by utilizing the multiyear composite overlying air-sea distribution over global eddies using the eddy coordinate system,and the contribution of eddies to this pattern is *** study is important for the investigation of global climate change.

关键词： mesoscale eddies normalization explained variation air-sea interface vertical mixing mechanism global eddy perspective

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Modeling of the eddy viscosity by breaking waves

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2007年第6期26卷 116-123页

作者： ZHANG Shuwen YUAN Yeli ZHENG Quan＇ an South China sea Environmental Institute Guangdong Ocean University Zhanjiang 524088 China Key Laboratory of Marine Science and Numerical Modeling of State Oceanic Administration First Institute of Oceanography State Oceanic Administration Qingdao 266061 China Department of Meteorology Maryland University Maryland 20742 USA

Breaking wave induced nearsurface turbulence has important consequences for many physical and biochemical processes including water column and nutrients mixing, heat and gases exchange across air-sea interface. The energy loss from wave breaking and the bubble plume penetration depth are estimated. As a consequence, the vertical distribution of the turbulent kinetic energy （TKE）, the TKE dissipation rate and the eddy viscosity induced by wave breaking are also provided. It is indicated that model results are found to be consistent with the observational evidence that most TKE generated by wave breaking is lost within a depth of a few meters near the sea surface. High turbulence level with intensities of eddy viscosity induced by breaking is nearly four orders larger than vw1（ = κu ＊wz）, the value predicted for the wall layer scaling close to the surface, where u ＊w is the friction velocity in water, κ with 0. 4 is the yon Kármán constant, and z is the water depth, and the strength of the eddy viscosity depends both on wind speed and sea state, and decays rapidly through the depth. This leads to the conclusion that the breaking wave induced vertical mixing is mainly limited to the near surface layer, well above the classical values expected from the similarity theory. Deeper down, however, the effects of wave breaking on the vertical mixing become less important.

关键词： air-sea interface near-surface dynamics TKE dissipation rate eddy viscosity

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Fate of river‐transported carbon in china:implications for carbon cycling in coastal ecosystems

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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability 2017年第3期3卷 15-27页

作者： Yang Gao Tiantian Yang Yafeng Wang Guirui Yu Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and College of Resources and EnvironmentUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101 China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing100049 China Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of CaliforniaIrvineCalifornia 92697 USA State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100085 China

Rivers play an important role in carbon(C)exchange between terrestrial and oceanic water bodies and the *** aim of this study was to systematically quantify fluxes in riverine C export and C exchange in the air-sea interface of marine ecosystems in *** show that annual C transport from rivers to coastal ecosystems in China can reach up to 64.35 TgC,which accounts for approximately 4.8%-8.1%of global C transport from river *** the Bohai sea,particulate inorganic carbon is the main form of C influx,and it can reach up to 20.79 TgC/***,dissolved inorganic carbon is the main form of C influx into the East China sea,and it can reach up to 10.52 TgC/yr,which is 42.6%of the total annual C imported into the East China ***’s marine ecosystems including the Yellow sea,the Bohai sea,the East China sea,and the South China sea can absorb 65.06 TgC/yr from the atmosphere.

关键词： air-sea interface carbon flux carbon transport China seas riverine carbon

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On Radar Signatures of Upwelling

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Journal of Geodesy and Geoinformation Science 2021年第1期4卷 17-23页

作者： Werner ALPERS Kan ZENG Institute of Oceanography University of HamburgHamburg 20146Germany Ocean Remote Sensing Institute Ocean University of ChinaQingdao 266003China

In studies of upwelling,usually data from infrared and optical sensors is used which provides information on the sea surface temperature(SST)and the chlorophyll-a(Chl-a)*** this paper,we show that also synthetic aperture radars(SAR)images can give valuable contribution to such *** regions become detectable by SAR because they are associated with a reduction of the radar backscatter due to(1)the change of the stability of the air-sea interface or/and(2)the presence of biogenic ***,the boundary of upwelling regions consists of a line of increased radar backscatter due to the presence of convergent surface flow.

关键词： upwelling synthetic aperture radar cyclonic eddies Agulhas Return Current biogenic surface films chlorophyll concentration air-sea interface sea surface temperature

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