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Effect of current density on groundwater arsenite removal performance using air cathode electrocoagulation

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第6期15卷 211-219页

作者： Yanxiao Si Fang Zhang Chen Hong Guanghe Li Haichuan Zhang Dun Liu School of Environment and State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Surface Engineering Division Sinopec Petroleum Exploration and Production Research InstituteBeijing 100083China School of Energy and Environmental Engineering University of Science and Technology BeijingBeijing 100083China

Naturally occurring arsenic enrichment in groundwater poses a huge threat to human *** cathode electrocoagulation(ACEC)has recently been proposed to enhance As(Ⅲ)oxidation and lower energy *** this study,ACEC,EC/O_(2) and EC/N_(2) were evaluated with different current densities from 1 to 8 mA/cm^(2) to investigate the effect on As(Ⅲ)removal in different redox *** density had no appreciable effect on arsenic removal efficiency given the same charge in ACEC because the concentration ratio of Fe/H2O_(2) under different current densities remained ***,in EC/O_(2) and EC/N_(2),As(Ⅲ)removal was inhibited at higher current densities(4–8 mA/cm^(2)),likely because more Fe(Ⅱ)competed with As(Ⅲ)for the oxidant,leading to less effective oxidation of As(Ⅲ).In all EC systems,the$OH units generated per power consumption reached the highest value at the lowest current *** with other EC systems,the ACEC system showed lower energy consumption at all current densities due to the low energy consumption of the electrode reaction and more free radical generation.A lower current density saved more energy at the expense of time,showing the trade-off relationship between energy consumption and removal *** operation costs for As(Ⅲ)removal under optimal conditions were calculated as 0.028$/m^(3) for ACEC,0.030$/m^(3) for EC/O_(2),and 0.085$/m^(3) for EC/N_(2)

关键词： Electrocoagulation air cathode Arsenic Current density Energy consumption

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Synthesis, Characterization and Performance Evaluation of an Advanced Solid Electrolyte and air cathode for Rechargeable Lithium-air Batteries

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Journal of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering 2016年第1期4卷 74-89页

作者： Susanta K. Das Jianfang Chai Salma Rahman Abhijit Sarkar Department of Mechanical Engineering Kettering University Flint Michigan USA Michigan Molecular Institute Midland Michigan USA

Synthesis and characterization of a tri-layered solid electrolyte and oxygen permeable solid air cathode for lithium-air battery cells were carried out in this investigation. Detailed fabrication procedures for solid electrolyte, air cathode and real-world lithium-air battery cell are described. Materials characterizations were performed through FTIR and TGA measurement. Based on the experimental four-probe conductivity measurement, it was found that the tri-layered solid electrolyte has a very high conductivity at room temperature, 23。C, and it can be reached up to 6 times higher at 100。C. Fabrication of real-world lithium-air button cells was performed using the synthesized tri-layered solid electrolyte, an oxygen permeable air cathode, and a metallic lithium anode. The lithium-air button cells were tested under dry air with 0.1 mA - 0.2 mA discharge/ charge current at elevated temperatures. Experimental results showed that the lithium-air cell performance is very sensitive to the oxygen concentration in the air cathode. The experimental results also revealed that the cell resistance was very large at room temperature but decreased rapidly with increasing temperatures. It was found that the cell resistance was the prime cause to show any significant discharge capacity at room temperature. Experimental results suggested that the lack of robust interfacial contact among solid electrolyte, air cathode and lithium metal anode were the primary factors for the cell’s high internal resistances. It was also found that once the cell internal resistance issues were resolved, the discharge curve of the battery cell was much smoother and the cell was able to discharge at above 2.0 V for up to 40 hours. It indicated that in order to have better performing lithium-air battery cell, interfacial contact resistances issue must have to be resolved very efficiently.

关键词： Lithium-air Solid Electrolyte air cathode Button Cell Metallic Lithium

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Carbon-based cathode materials for rechargeable zinc-air batteries: From current collectors to bifunctional integrated air electrodes

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Carbon Energy 2020年第3期2卷 370-386页

作者： Jingkun Wu Bin Liu Xiayue Fan Jia Ding Xiaopeng Han Yida Deng Wenbin Hu Cheng Zhong Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringTianjin UniversityTianjinChina Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin UniversityFuzhouChina

Rechargeable zinc-air batteries(ZABs)have attracted much attention as the next-generation energy conversion and storage devices due to the abundance and environmental friendliness of zinc(Zn)for anode materials,as well as the safety and low cost of aqueous ***,rational design of nonprecious and low-cost integrated air cathode materials with a desirable bifunctional oxygen electrocatalytic performance remains a great challenge for the commercialization of rechargeable *** previous research studies,various cost-effective carbon-supported electrocatalysts and light-weight carbon-based current collectors for air cathodes have been developed,showing vast potential in the application of carbon-based *** improve the bifunctional performance and integration of air cathodes,efforts with respect to the design of morphology,defects,and synergistic effects of carbon-based materials have been *** this perspective,the general understanding of the air cathode construction and the battery working mechanism is *** recent progress in the design of carbon-based materials for air cathodes in rechargeable ZABs is *** possible future research directions and the expected development trends are also discussed,aiming to facilitate the commercialization of advanced rechargeable ZABs in our life.

关键词： air cathode carbon electrocatalyst rechargeable zinc-air battery support

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Recent advances in bifunctional catalysts for zinc-air batteries:Synthesis and potential mechanisms

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2022年第10期65卷 2221-2245页

作者： ZHAO LinWei GU TengTeng LIANG ZiWei LIU Jun School of Materials Science and Engineering Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage MaterialsSouth China University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510641China

Zinc-air batteries(ZABs) are considered promising candidates for next-generation clean and sustainable energy storage devices because of their low cost, safety, environment-friendliness, and high specific energy density. However, owing to its poor chargedischarge capacity and low efficiency, its practical application remains challenging. The main obstacles are the intrinsic slow reaction kinetics on the air cathode, including the oxygen reduction reaction(ORR) during discharging and oxygen evolution reaction(OER) during recharging. Therefore, a reasonable design of bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts with high activity and stability is the key to the development of ZABs. In this review, the recent advances in bifunctional ORR/OER electrocatalysts as air cathodes in ZABs are discussed from three perspectives: metal-organic framework-based catalysts, metal-free carbon catalysts, and metal-based catalysts. In particular, the synthesis, electrocatalytic activity, and potential mechanism of bifunctional catalysts in ZABs are discussed. In recent years, research on bifunctional catalysts has intensified, and the performance of these catalysts has significantly improved. However, most of the experimental products have complex preparation processes and high costs;therefore, the industrialization of these experimental products remains difficult. This review offers prospects for the optimal design of high-activity rechargeable ZAB bifunctional air cathodes.

关键词： zinc-air batteries air cathode bifunctional electrocatalysts non-noble metal catalyst

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Metal–air batteries: A review on current status and future applications

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2023年第2期33卷 151-171页

作者： Tao Li Meng Huang Xue Bai Yan-Xiang Wang Key Laboratory of Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials of Ministry of Education Shandong University School of Materials Science and Engineering Shandong University of Science and Technology

Metal–air batteries(MABs) have been paid much more attention owing to their greater energy density than the most advanced lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). Rechargeable MABs are considered as promising candidates for the next-generation of energy storage techniques for applications ranging from large-scale energy storage systems to electric vehicles and portable devices. However, there are still numerous scientific problems that must be overcome before their commercial application. With the aim of providing a comprehensive understanding of this new electrochemical system particularly Li–air batteries, this review paper provides an overview of the current status including corresponding strategies from the perspective of various battery components, including air cathode,metal anode and electrolyte. In addition, other promising MABs such as Zn–air, Mg–air and Al–air batteries are also introduced briefly for comparison. Finally, the applications and prospects of these four types of MABs are discussed and some perspectives for this research field are also provided.

关键词： Metal–air batteries air cathode Metal anode Electrocatalyst Electrolyte

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A comprehensive review on recent progress in aluminum-air batteries

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Green Energy & Environment 2017年第3期2卷 246-277页

作者： Yisi Liu Qian Sun Wenzhang Li Keegan R.Adair Jie Li Xueliang Sun Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering University of Western Ontario School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Central South University

The aluminum-air battery is considered to be an attractive candidate as a power source for electric vehicles(EVs) because of its high theoretical energy density(8100 Wh kg^(-1)), which is significantly greater than that of the state-of-the-art lithium-ion batteries(LIBs). However,some technical and scientific problems preventing the large-scale development of Al-air batteries have not yet to be resolved. In this review, we present the fundamentals, challenges and the recent advances in Al-air battery technology from aluminum anode, air cathode and electrocatalysts to electrolytes and inhibitors. Firstly, the alloying of aluminum with transition metal elements is reviewed and shown to reduce the selfcorrosion of Al and improve battery performance. Additionally for the cathode, extensive studies of electrocatalytic materials for oxygen reduction/evolution including Pt and Pt alloys, nonprecious metal catalysts, and carbonaceous materials at the air cathode are ***, for the electrolyte, the application of aqueous and nonaqueous electrolytes in Al-air batteries are discussed. Meanwhile, the addition of inhibitors to the electrolyte to enhance electrochemical performance is also explored. Finally, the challenges and future research directions are proposed for the further development of Al-air batteries.

关键词： Aluminum-air battery Aluminum anode air cathode Oxygen reduction reaction Electrolytes

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Recent progress and future perspectives of flexible metal‐air batteries

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SmartMat 2021年第4期2卷 519-553页

作者： Tingzhen Li Xinwen Peng Peng Cui Ge Shi Wu Yang Zehong Chen Yongfa Huang Yongkang Chen Jinyuan Peng Ren Zou Xiaoyan Zeng Jian Yu Jianyun Gan Zhiyuan Mu Yuling Chen Jiaming Zeng Juan Liu Yunyi Yang Yujia Wei Jun Lu State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of TechnologyGuangzhouChina Chemical Sciences and Engineering Division Argonne National LaboratoryLemontIllinoisUSA

With the rapid development of wearable and intelligent flexible electronic devices(FEDs),the demand for flexible energy storage/conversion devices(ESCDs)has also *** flexible metal‐air batteries(MABs)are expected to be one of the most ideal ESCDs due to their high theoretical energy density,cost advantage,and strong deformation *** the improvement of the device design,material assemblies,and manufacturing technology,the research on the electrochemical performance of flexible MABs has made significant ***,achieving the high mechanical flexibility,high safety,and wearable comfortability required by FEDs while maintaining the high performance of flexible MABs are still a daunting *** this review,flexible Zn‐air and Li‐air batteries are mainly exemplified to describe the most recent progress and challenges of flexible *** start with an overview of the structure and configuration of the flexible MABs and discuss their impact on battery performance and *** it focuses on the research progress of flexible metal anodes,gel polymer electrolytes,and air ***,the main challenges and future research perspectives involving flexible MABs for FEDs are proposed.

关键词： air cathode flexible electronic device flexible metal‐air battery gel polymer electrolytes metal anode

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