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Comparative Study on Density Tolerance of Main Varieties in Southwest Maize Zone

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第2期16卷 259-261,383页

作者：彭明汤彬陈志辉湘西自治州农业科学院湖南吉首416000 湖南省作物研究所湖南长沙410125

This paper conducted a split-plot trial to study the yield,main agronomic characters and density tolerance of 11 maize varieties in southwest maize zone using the density and variety as experimental *** results indicated that ① the differences among density,variety and the intersection of density and variety were extremely significant;② Average yield of the tested varieties under high planting density（64 500 plant/hm^2） was significantly higher than that under low-density（49 500plant/hm^2）,and increased 10.37%;③ Four types were selected by the performance of all varieties under high planting density,such as high yield increase with high density,high yield but not increase with high density,low yield increase with high density,low yield but not increase with high density.

关键词： Hybrid maize Split plot experiment Yield agronomic traits

Effect of Preparations of Bamboo Vinegar and Copper Sulfate on Green Algae and Tobacco Seedling Growth

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Asian Agricultural Research 2017年第6期9卷 89-91,95页

作者： Tingqing WANG Lingjie XU Qianhua YUAN Xiuhai ZHANG Weiqian ZHONG Kun QIU Chuanren MA Tobacco Production and Management Department of Qiandongnan Tobacco Company Cengong Branch of Qiandongnan Tobacco Company

To provide theoretical and technical basis for the application of preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate in the prevention of green algae in floating system for tobacco seeding,the soaking and spraying methods were employed to study the effect of different concentrations of preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate on green algae and tobacco seedling growth. The results showed that the preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate of different concentrations played a strong role in inhibiting green algae growth and had better effect than copper sulfate. Spraying 1∶ 200 preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate could significantly promote tobacco seedling growth,and the leaf fresh weight increased by 15. 80% compared with CK,with significant difference; spraying 1∶ 50 preparations was not conducive to tobacco seedling growth. It was recommended to spray 1∶ 200 preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate in floating system for tobacco seeding,which could promote tobacco seedling growth and reduce green algae to varying degrees.

关键词： Preparations of bamboo vinegar and copper sulfate Green algae Tobacco seedlings agronomic traits Fresh matter

The Effect of Sowing Date and Density on the Characters and Yield of Maize in Chongqing

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第12期16卷 2640-2643页

作者：田红琳杨华蒋志成张丕辉李晔周汝平崔俊娟许明陆重庆市农业科学院玉米研究所重庆401329 重庆科光种苗有限公司重庆400060 重庆市石柱县农业委员会重庆409100

In order to investigate the most suitable sowing period and the optimum planting density of new com variety ‘Yudan 30＇ In Chongqing region, using split plot experiment design, the effect of sowing date and planting density on main a- gronomic characters and yield of maize in the field was studied. The results showed that in Chongqing, the delay of sowing date could shorten the fertility peri- od, and reduce 100-grain Weight and yield, but could increase plant height and ear height, panicle traits did not change significantly. With the density increasing, plant height and ear height also increased, while ear length, ear diameter, stem diameter, row number and kernel number also decreased. 100-grain weight and yield also in- creased with the increase of density, but to a certain threshold, yield and 100-grain weight decreased with the increase of density. The yield of 3 sowing periods pre- sented as AI〉A2〉A3, the yield of 4 kinds of density presented as B3〉EH〉B2〉B1, and the yield under sowing time and density interaction presented as AIB3〉A1B4〉 A2.B3〉A2.B4〉A3B3〉 A3B4〉A2.B2〉A1BI〉A2BI〉A3BI. So proper eady sowing and increase of planting density could raise the yield of maize per unit area, and AIB3 was the optimum planting configuration in Chongqing area.

关键词： Corn Sowing time Density agronomic traits Yield

Quantitative traits of Ion Beam Induced Mutagenesis in Triticum aestivum

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2012年第9期13卷 1817-1821页

作者：房欢焦浈郑州大学河南省离子束生物工程重点实验室河南郑州450052

[Objective] The aim of this study was to elucidate the quantitative traits of plants mutagenized by ion beam. [Method] The particular variation phenotypes, a- gronomic traits, and protein and wet gluten contents of progenies derived from the same ion beam induced mutant were investigated. [Result] Morphological polymor- phism existed in some individuals. Plant height, spike length and protein content were significantly influenced by ion beam, and effective tiller number and wet gluten content were moderately influenced. Multiple comparisons of all the indices within groups indicated genomic instability among these groups. Coefficient of variation im- plied the differences within group were very low. [Conclusion] Ion beam irradiation displayed characteristics of multi-directivity and non-directiveness. It aroused multiple variations in the same mutant. Instability among progeny indicates cells had different fate even in the same irradiated tissue. It may take several generations for mutants to stabilize particular phenotypes. The effects of ion beam irradiation may be the in- terrelated direct irradiation damage, indirect irradiation damage and late effect, such as bystander effect and adaptive response.

关键词： Ion beam agronomic traits Protein and wet gluten contents

Differentiation of Barley Genotypes with High Phosphorus Efficiency under Low Phosphorus Stress

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2013年第11期14卷 1615-1619页

作者：杨涛何金宝曾亚文普晓英杨树明杜娟云南省农业科学院生物技术与种质资源研究所/云南省农业生物技术重点实验室/农业部西南作物基因资源与种质创制重点实验室云南昆明650205 文山州农业科学研究所云南文山663000

[Objective] This study aimed to investigate differences in phosphorus effi-ciency between two-rowed barley and multiple-rowed barley and differences in phos-phorus efficiency among various agronomic traits, and to explore the relationship be-tween agronomic traits and row type with phosphorus efficiency. [Method] Under available phosphorus mass fractions of 1.32 and 36.6 mg/kg, 172 barley varieties, including 79 two-rowed foreign barley, 22 multiple-rowed foreign barley, 58 two-rowed Chinese barley and 13 multiple-rowed Chinese barley, were selected to com-pare differences in phosphorus efficiency-related agronomic traits. Plant height, spike length, number of unfil ed grains, number of unfil ed grains, main panicle weight, to-tal panicle weight, total stem weight, weight of aerial part and heading stage were surveyed for statistical analysis. [Result] The results showed that, various agronomic traits were larger under fertilization condition than under non-fertilization condition ex-cept number of unfil ed grains and heading stage. Plant high, spike length, weight of aerial part and heading stage varied greatly under non-fertilization condition; number of fil ed grains, number of unfil ed grains and total stem weight varied greatly under fertilization condition. In two-rowed barley, plant height and number of fil ed grains of Chinese varieties were higher than those of foreign varieties, while other agronomic traits such as spike length, number of unfil ed grains, main panicle weight, total panicle weight, total stem weight, weight of aerial part and heading stage of foreign varieties were higher than those of Chinese varieties. Spike length and weight of aerial part in multiple-rowed and two-rowed foreign barley were higher than those in Chinese barley. In multiple-rowed barley, plant height, number of unfil ed grains, total panicle weight and total stem weight of foreign varieties were higher under non-fer-tilization condition and lower under fertilization condit

关键词： Low phosphorus stress Barley High phosphorus efficiency Genotype agronomic traits

Effects of Different Biochar Dosages and Types on Growth, Yield and Output Value of Flue-cured Tobacco in Hanzhong Area

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Agricultural Science & Technology 2015年第11期16卷 2476-2480页

作者：牛玉德聂兆君李金峰韩治建杨宏星王国良梅运鹏李先锋汤建华叶协锋刘红恩陕西省烟草公司汉中市公司汉中723000 河南农业大学资源与环境学院河南郑州450002 商丘市质量技术监督检验测试中心河南商丘476000 河南农业大学烟草学院/国家烟草栽培生理生化研究基地河南郑州45000

[Objective] This study was to investigate the effects of different biochar dosages and trpes on growth, yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco in Hanzhong. [Methods] In May-September of 2013, Xiaonanhai Town, Nanzheng County, Hanzhong City, a field experiment was carded out to study the effects of- biochardosage and type on tobacco agronomic traits, yield and output value in each growth period. [Results] Biochar application significantly increased plant height, stem diameter and leaf size in the early growth pedod, and raised tobacco yield, output value and the proportion of high grade leaf： With the increase of biochar dosage, tobacco agronom~ traits were significantly improved, and yield, output value and proportion of high-grade tobacco leaves also increased significantly, and the highest tobacco yield and output value occurred at the dosage of 900 kg/hm2. agronomic traits of tobacco leaves with the application of rice husk char and wheat straw char were significantly better than those with the application of peanut shell char, appli- cation of rice husk char was more conducive to the development of leaves in the vigorous pedod and stems in the squaring period, but straw char was beneficial to improvement of plant height and leaf number in the vigorous period and leaf growth in the squaring period, and application of rice husk char had the best effect on the increases of yield and output value of tobacco leaves. [Conclusion] Application of biochar is an effective measure forimproving tobacco-planting soil and promoting the growth and development of tobacco in Hanzhong, biochar application amount should be controlled at about 600-900 kg/hm2, and rice husk char is the preferred choice as soil improvement material.

关键词： Flue-cured tobacco Biochar agronomic traits Yield and output value

Overexpression of OsOSM1 gene enhances rice resistance to sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

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Overexpression of OsOSM1 gene enhances rice resistance to sh...

Overexpression of OsOSM1 Gene Enhanced Rice Resistance to Sheath Blight Caused by Rhizoctonia solani

中国植物病理学会第十二届青年学术研讨会

作者： Xiang Xue Zixiang Cao Xuting Zhang Yu Wang YaFang Zhang Zongxiang Chen Xuebiao Pan Shimin Zuo Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou University

Sheath blight（SB）,caused by Rhizoctonia solani,is one of the most destructive rice diseases *** has been difficult to generate SB resistant variety through conventional breeding because of typically quantitative nature of rice resistance to ***,we found that the gene Os12g0569500（named OsOSM1）,belongs to TLP-PA subfamily,was strongly induced expression by *** in SB resistant variety *** the study,we identified five genes including OsOSM1 that showed high identity on amino acid ***,only OsOSM1 was found highly expressed at rice booting stage and in leaf sheath,which was correlated with SB serious development in *** of OsOSM1 was strongly induced by methyl jasmonate（MeJA） and reduced by JA biosynthesis inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid（SHAM）,while was not apparently affected by ethephon（ET）,salicylic acid（SA）and kinetin（KT）.OsOSM1 was localized to plasma *** of OsOSM1 could significantly up-regulate the expression of pathogenesis-related genes and strongly enhanced rice resistance to ***,we did not found apparently alternation of OsOSM1 overexpression lines compared with the wild type on morphologies and grain *** together,our results demonstrate that OsOSM1 plays an important role in rice SB resistance and can be used in rice breeding toward SB resistance.

关键词： Rice OsOSM1 gene expression sheath blight resistance agronomic traits

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Overexpression of OsOSM1 Gene Enhanced Rice Resistance to Sh...

Overexpression of OsOSM1 gene enhanced rice resistance to sheath blight caused by Rhizoctonia solani

中国植物病理学会2016年学术年会

作者： XUE Xiang CAO Zi-xiang ZHANG Xu-ting WANG-Yu ZHANG Ya-fang CHEN Zong-xiang PAN Xue-biao ZUO Shi-min Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics of the Ministry of EducationYangzhou University

Sheath blight（SB）,caused by Rhizoctonia solani,is one of the most destructive rice diseases *** has been difficult to generate SB resistant variety through conventional breeding because of typically quantitative nature of rice resistance to ***,we found that the gene Os12g0569500（named OsOSM1）,belongs to TLP-PA subfamily,was strongly induced expression by *** in SB resistant variety *** the study,we identified five genes including OsOSM1 that showed high identity on amino acid ***,only OsOSM1 was found highly expressed at rice booting stage and in leaf sheath,which was correlated with SB serious development in *** of OsOSM1 was strongly induced by methyl jasmonate（MeJA） and reduced by JA biosynthesis inhibitor salicylhydroxamic acid（SHAM）,while was not apparently affected by ethephon（ET）,salicylic acid（SA） and kinetin（KT）.OsOSM1 was localized to plasma *** of OsOSM1 could significantly up-regulate the expression of pathogenesis-related genes and strongly enhanced rice resistance to ***,we did not found apparently alternation of OsOSM1 overexpression lines compared with the wild type on morphologies and grain *** together,our results demonstrate that OsOSM1 plays an important role in rice SB resistance and can be used in rice breeding toward SB resistance.

关键词： Rice OsOSM1 Gene expression Sheath blight resistance agronomic traits

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Overexpression of OsOSM1 gene enhanced rice resistance to sh...