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食物-能源-水钮带关系研究能否与农业创新保持同步?

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Engineering 2023年第4期23卷 24-28页

作者：庄杰, Tom Gill Frank E.Löffler 金明洲 Gary S.Sayler Department of Biosystems Engineering and Soil Science The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Center for Environmental Biotechnology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Institute for a Secure and Sustainable Environment The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Agricultural Leadership Education and CommunicationsThe University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Smith Center for International Agriculture The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Microbiology The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA Biosciences Division Oak Ridge National LaboratoryOak RidgeTN 37831USA Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering The University of TennesseeKnoxvilleTN 37996USA

1.Introduction,The interconnection among food-energy-water(FEW)systems in meeting societal demands is broadly acknowledged[1].Similarly,competitive or synergistic allocations of water and energy resources for Agricultural production,manufacturing,and human consumption are understood,and their economic impacts can be predicted[2].Far less appreciated and understood are the outcomes of the FEW nexus in response to operation changes in Agricultural practices and the associated technological innovations for future generations[3,4].Also,the inter-scale and feedback effects of emerging technology-driven resource reallocation and decision-making on FEW systems are largely unknown.For example,how do the agroeconomic feedbacks of intelligent technologies influence the FEW nexus of Agricultural production under environmental and demographic changes?How does the necessary water allocation for powering non-powered dams and pumped-storage hydropower generation influence Agricultural production and municipal water supply maintenance?How do solar and wind energy farms influence land use for agriculture and the rural economy?

关键词： Agricultural understood allocation

STRENGTHENINGNON-POINT SOURCEPOLLUTION CONTROLTOPROMOTEAgriculturalGREEN DEVELOPMENT

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2023年第4期10卷 503-509页

作者： Wen XU Jie ZHANG Linzhang YANG Xuejun LIU Fusuo ZHANG State Key Laboratory of Nutrient Use and Management College of Resources and Environmental SciencesNational Academy of Agriculture Green DevelopmentNational Observation and Research Station of Agriculture Green Development(QuzhouHebei)China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China College of Information and Electrical Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Key Laboratory of Agro-environment in Downstream of Yangtze Plain(Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Areas) Jiangsu AcademyofAgricultural SciencesNanjing210014China.

This special issue is a compilation of papers addressing various aspects of non-point source pollution and Agricultural green development in different regions around the world.Drafts of several papers were presented and discussed during a 2-day summit on Non-Point Source Pollution Control and Governance held in Dali,Yunnan Province,China,November 19-20,2022.The workshop was complemented by a half-day field trip to visit the Agricultural Green Production and Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Engineering Demonstration Base,as well as the Science and Technology Backyards in Gusheng Village,Dali City.The workshop was jointly organized by the National Academy of Agriculture Green Development of China Agricultural University,Erhai Academy of Green Development,and Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences.The event included participation of over 20 scientists representing 10 different organizations,along with 40 Chinese graduate students.

关键词： Agricultural jointly representing

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碳中和愿景下中国可持续农田土壤修复路径

Engineering 2023年第6期25卷 28-31页

作者：李芳柏方利平吴丰昌 National–Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-Environmental Pollution Control and ManagementInstitute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhou 510650China State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijing 100012China

1.Introduction Agricultural soil pollution is a major threat affecting soil health and the ability of soil to yield safe and sufficient food;thus,it is a barrier to the goal of zero hunger worldwide[1].The food deficiency problem continues to grow,particularly under the current atmosphere of global tension.United Nations(UN)organizations.

关键词： soil pollution Agricultural

Is the feminization of labor harmful to Agricultural production? The decision-making and production control perspective

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第6期18卷 1392-1401页

作者： LIU Jia-cheng XU Zhi-gang ZHENG Qiu-fen Lillian Hua School of Economics and Management Nanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095P.R.China School of Public Health Yale UniversityNew Haven 06510USA

Even today,academics continue to debate the effect of feminization of Agricultural labor force on Agricultural output.By considering the dimensions of participation in decision-making and production,this study divides the various Agricultural production models into three types:(i)the traditional model of decisions made either jointly by men and women or by men alone while both genders participate in production,(ii)complete feminization of Agricultural decision-making and the production labor force,and(iii)feminization of the Agricultural production labor force only.This study investigates the effects of combining or separating decision-making and production in regard to Agricultural development in the context of feminization of the Agricultural labor force.Using follow-up data collected from 2004–2008 by the Ministry of Agriculture of China,we built a comprehensive panel data model to test our hypotheses.Our research shows that in comparison to traditional Agricultural households and fully feminized Agricultural labor forces,partially feminized production resulted in lower grain yield and technological advancement.The feminization of Agricultural labor does not necessarily have a negative impact on Agricultural output,especially since heavy manual labor is being increasingly replaced by Agricultural machinery and outsourcing of tasks.The degree of feminization of the decision-making and production processes should be an important consideration when evaluating the purported negative effects of the feminization of Agricultural labor.

关键词： feminization Agricultural labor production decision-making control production management control

Interaction of silver nanoparticles with mediterranean Agricultural soils: Lab-controlled adsorption and desorption studies

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 205-216页

作者： Laura Torrent Eva Margui Ignasi Queralt Manuela Hidalgo Monica Iglesias Department of Chemistry University of Girona C/M. Aurelia Capmany 69 17003 Girona Spain Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA-CSIC) C. Jordi Girona 28-26 08034 Barcelona Spain

The production of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) has increased tremendously during recent years due to their antibacterial and physicochemical properties. As a consequence, these particles are released inevitably into the environment, with soil being the main sink of disposal. Soil interactions have an effect on AgNP mobility, transport and bioavailability. To understand AgNP adsorption processes, lab-controlled kinetic studies were performed.Batch tests performed with five different Mediterranean Agricultural soils showed that cation exchange capacity and electrical conductivity are the main parameters controlling the adsorption processes. The adsorption kinetics of different sized(40, 75, 100 and 200 nm)and coated(citrate, polyvinylpyrrolidone and polyethyleneglycol(PEG)) AgNPs indicated that these nanoparticle properties have also an effect on the adsorption processes.To assess the mobility and bioavailability of AgNPs and to determine if their form is maintained during adsorption/desorption processes, loaded soils were submitted to leaching tests three weeks after batch adsorption studies. The DIN 38414-S4 extraction method indicated that AgNPs were strongly retained on soils, and single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry confirmed that silver particles maintained their nanoform, except for 100 nm PEG-AgNPs and 40 nm citrate-coated AgNPs. The DTPA(diethylenetriaminepentaacetic acid) leaching test was more effective in extracting silver,but there was no presence of AgNPs in almost all of these leachates.

关键词： Silver nanoparticles Agricultural soils Sorption kinetics Leaching tests Single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry

Bingwen Zou (Ping-wen Tsou): pioneer of Agricultural higher education in China

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Protein & Cell 2021年第6期12卷 437-439页

作者： Yuanchao Wang College of Plant Protection Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210095China

Bingwen Zou,a renowed agronomist and educator,is one of the founders of Agricultural higher education in China(Fig.1)(Liu and Liu,1993).He is committed to set up modern agriculture education in China and supervised many studentswholaterbecamewell-knownexpertsinAgriciH-ture,including Shanbao Jin,Zefang Feng and Zhonglin Zou.Bingwen Zou made great contributions to the development of modern agriculture science in China,and was honored as one of the“Three Outstanding Scholars in Southeast”by premier Enlai Zhou.

关键词： education Agricultural agriculture

Pollen dispersal in traditional processing of buckwheat and its application in Agricultural archaeology

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Science China Earth Sciences 2018年第12期61卷 1792-1803页

作者： Yang LIU Xue SHANG Pengfei SHENG Guoding SONG Key Laboratory of Vertebrate Evolution and Human Origins of Chinese Academy of Sciences Institute of Vertebrate Paleontology and PaleoanthropologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100044China Department of Archaeology and Anthropology University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

Pollen, as an important index of the paleoenvironment and ancient human Agricultural activities, is also one of the significant indicators for research on buckwheat agriculture. In order to test buckwheat pollen dispersal during each crop processing stage, we applied traditional processing simulation experiments of buckwheat crops in a modern village, to collect aerial pollen and perform statistical analysis. The result has shown that the distribution of buckwheat pollen in residential areas is closely related to human processing behaviour. Among all the processing procedures, pollen release rate is highest in the threshing and the sieving stages. The redistribution and burial of pollen during crop processing is an important reason for the prominent increase of crop pollen concentration in the cultural layer. Not only can it indicate the cultivation and processing behaviour of humans but also provide a basis for identifying the crop processing remains in archaeological sites and assessing the intensity of Agricultural activities.

关键词： Buckwheat Crop processing Pollen dispersal Agricultural activities Agricultural archaeology

Relationships between climate change, Agricultural development and social stability in the Hexi Corridor over the last 2000 years

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Science China Earth Sciences 2019年第9期62卷 1453-1460页

作者： Yanpeng LI Quansheng GE Huanjiong WANG Haolong LIU Zexing TAO Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of Sciences

This case study of the Hexi Corridor, Northwestern China, utilizes statistical methods to estimate quantitatively the interaction at a regional level between climate change, ancient social developments, and political coping strategies over the past 2000 years. The data is sourced from high-resolution reconstructions of climate series(temperature and precipitation), and historical records of cultivated land, war, population, and changes in regional administrative systems. The results show that moisture conditions played a more significant role than temperature in driving land reclamation in the Hexi Corridor. Analysis also showed a negative correlation between war frequency and the area of cultivated land in the Corridor over 20-year time intervals. Population growth was found to have a significant positive correlation with the cultivated land area during the study period. The results indicate that a climate-induced decline in Agricultural production and the subsequent fluctuations in population could act as a trigger for social unrest, which is especially true at the mutual decadal time-scales. However, the interaction with administrative reform also suggests that, in the face of social and economic turmoil, a reasonable administrative hierarchy could strengthen the social governance of regional government, and promote social stability and economic development at a regional level. The study substantiates this notion with empirical quantitative evidence.

关键词： Climate change Agricultural development Social stability Regional administrative reform Hexi Corridor

Use of a calibrated SWAT model to evaluate the effects of Agricultural BMPs on sediments of the Kalaya river basin (North of Morocco)

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2019年第2期7卷 176-183页

作者： Harnza Briak Rachid Mrabet Rachid Moussadek Khadija Aboumaria Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Sciences and Techniques(FST)Abdelmalek Essaadi UniversityPostal Box 41690000 TangierMorocco Department of Environment and Natural Resources Scientific DivisionNational Institute for Agricultural Research(INRA)Postal Box 41510000 RabatMorocco

Soil erosion from Agricultural fields is a worldwide problem,to influence water quality,soil fertility and reservoir sedimentation especially in Mediterranean countries such as Morocco.In fact,this work assesses the effects of Best Management Practices (BMPs) on sediments using the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model in the Kalaya watershed in Northem Morocco,to recommend the most appropriate practice.This study is based on the use of three most usable practices:contouring,stripcropping and terracing,by the calibrated SWAT model.The general parameters of the model have been modified to reflect the implementation of different Agricultural BMPs used.Resulting sediment yield were compared with the baseline scenario,for validation.However,the effective measures to reduce sediment losses at the watershed level are organized according to their effectiveness,and these are terracing (28% reduction and the value is 15t/ha/yr) followed by strip-cropping (9% reduction and the value is 5t/ha/yr).In contrast,measurements performed by the contouring are inappropriate for the study area because they have contributed to increasing the soil erosion (more than 31% of losses and the value is 17t/ha/yr more than existing conditions).Therefore,the model illustrates that the terrace is effective for reducing sediment losses and limiting soil erosion especially on steep slopes.Thus,the results provide useful information for targeted management in order to implement the most effective Agricultural BMPs in the watershed.

关键词： Modeling Agricultural BMPs Sediment SWAT Kalaya river basin North Morocco