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age estimation from facial images based on Gabor feature fusion and the CIASO-SA algorithm

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CAAI Transactions on Intelligence Technology 2023年第2期8卷 518-531页

作者： Di Lu Dapeng Wang Kaiyu Zhang Xiangyuan Zeng School of Measurement and Communication Engineering Harbin University of Science and TechnologyHarbinChina Cheriton School of Computer Science University of WaterlooWaterlooOntarioCanada

Aiming at the problem of long time-consuming and low accuracy of existing age estimation approaches,a new age estimation method using Gabor feature fusion,and an improved atomic search algorithm for feature selection is ***,texture features of five scales and eight directions in the face region are extracted by Gabor wavelet *** statistical histogram is introduced to encode and fuse the directional index with the largest feature value on Gabor ***,a new hybrid feature selection algorithm chaotic improved atom search optimisation with simulated annealing(CIASO-SA)is presented,which is based on an improved atomic search algorithm and the simulated annealing ***,the CIASO-SA algorithm introduces a chaos mechanism during atomic initialisation,significantly improving the convergence speed and accuracy of the ***,a support vector machine(SVM)is used to get classification results of the age *** verify the performance of the proposed algorithm,face images with three resolutions in the Adience dataset are *** the Gabor real part fusion feature at 48�48 resolution,the average accuracy and 1-off accuracy of age classification exhibit a maximum of 60.4%and 85.9%,*** results prove the superiority of the proposed algorithm over the state-of-the-art methods,which is of great referential value for application to the mobile terminals.

关键词： age estimation atom search algorithm feature selection Gabor feature simulated annealing

age estimation of individuals aged 5-23 years based on dental development of the Indonesian population

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 115-123页

作者： Adisty Setyari Putri Nurtami Soedarsono Benindra Nehemia Djaja Surya Atmadja Douglas H.Ubelaker Department of oral Biology Division of Forensic odontologyFaculty of DentistryUniversitas indonesiaJakartaindonesia Department of Dento-Maxillofacial radiology Faculty of DentistryUniversitas indonesiaJakartaindonesia Department of Forensic Medicine and Medico-legal Faculty of MedicineUniversitas indonesiaJakartaindonesia Department of anthropology national Museum of natural historysmithsonian institutionWashingtonDCUA

Dental development can be used to estimate age for forensic ***,most of the currently available methods are less reliable for the Indonesian population due to population *** study presents a new method and evaluates other methods that utilize dental development to estimate the age of Indonesian *** radiographs of 304 young Indonesian people aged 5–23 years old were analysed for deciduous tooth root resorption,permanent tooth calcification,and *** extent of tooth root resorption was determined based on AlQahtani’s modified Moorrees et *** calcification was classified based on a modified Demirjian et *** eruption was evaluated based on AlQahtani’s modified Bengston *** sequence of tooth root resorption,and permanent tooth calcification and eruption were grouped into 19 age categories(from 5–23 years old)in an *** differences between males and females,between maxillary and mandibular teeth,and between right and left teeth were also *** were minimal significant differences of tooth development between males and females,and between the right and left teeth(P>0.05),while the maxillary and mandibular dental development was significantly different(Page and sex individuals from Indonesia were assessed using the newly developed Atlas of Dental Development in the Indonesian Population,Ubelaker’s Dental Development Chart,The London Atlas of Human Tooth Development and Eruption by AlQahtani,and the age estimation Guide-Modern Australia population by *** was assessed by comparing estimated age to actual chronological age using the Bland-Altmand *** show that the smallest range of error was found in the Atlas of Dental Development in the Indonesian Population(−0.969 to 1

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic odontology age estimation tooth calcification tooth eruption root resorption

age estimation by Quantitative Cytomorphometric Study Using Buccal Mucosal Cells and Panoramic Radiography: A Comparative Forensic Study

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第3期9卷 219-227页

作者： Kavya Keerthika Nutulapati Sri Veda Donupati M P V Prabhat G Sarat Swagathika Mishra Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology Dr.Sudha and Nageswara Rao Siddhartha Institute of Dental SciencesGannavaramAndhra PradeshIndia

Aim: This study aims to estimate the age of an individual using buccal cells by calculating the average cell size and comparing with pulp/tooth area ratio on mandibular canine and linear measurements related to mental foramen using panoramic radiography (PR). Materials and Methods: One hundred healthy individuals undergoing PR for various dental procedures were included in this study after obtaining consent. Pulp/tooth ratio using Cameriere et al. method on mandibular canine and linear measurements related to mental foramen, i.e., the distance between the superior and inferior border of the mandible (S-I) and the mandible’s superior border to the superior margin of the mental foramen (S-sM) were estimated using Adobe Photoshop image editing software. Later, buccal smears obtained from the same individual were fixed with 95% alcohol and stained with Papanicolaou’s stain for cytomorphometric analysis. The age was calculated using the regression analysis and correlated with chronological age. Results: Statistical significance and better correlation were obtained pulp/ tooth area ratio, the distance of S-I of all age groups. However, the distance of S-sM proved to be more effective in Group 4 (51-60 years) and buccal cell size was found to be comparable to the chronological age particularly in Group 5 (above 60 years). Conclusion: In the present study, the accuracy of estimated age compared to the chronological age was more promising for pulp/tooth area ratio, followed by S-I, S-sM, and cell size.

关键词： age estimation cell size cytomorphometric analysis mental foramen pulp/tooth area ratio

Enhancing CNN for Forensics age estimation Using CGAN and Pseudo-Labelling

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2023年第2期74卷 2499-2516页

作者： Sultan Alkaabi Salman Yussof Sameera Al-Mulla Institute of Informatics and Computing in Energy Universiti Tenaga NasionalMalaysia College of Engineering and IT University of DubaiUAE

age estimation using forensics odontology is an important process in identifying victims in criminal or mass disaster ***,this process is done manually by human ***,the speed and accuracy may vary depending on the expertise level of the human expert and other human factors such as level of fatigue and *** improve the recognition speed and consistency,researchers have proposed automated age estimation using deep learning techniques such as Convolutional Neural Network(CNN).CNN requires many training images to obtain high percentage of recognition ***,it is very difficult to get large number of samples of dental images for training the CNN due to the need to comply to privacy acts.A promising solution to this problem is a technique called Generative Adversarial Network(GAN).GAN is a technique that can generate synthetic images that has similar statistics as the training set.A variation of GAN called Conditional GAN(CGAN)enables the generation of the synthetic images to be controlled more precisely such that only the specified type of images will be *** paper proposes a CGAN for generating new dental images to increase the number of images available for training a CNN model to perform age *** also propose a pseudolabelling technique to label the generated images with proper age and *** used the combination of real and generated images to trainDentalage and Sex Net(DASNET),which is a CNN model for dental age *** on the experiment conducted,the accuracy,coefficient of determination(R2)and Absolute Error(AE)of DASNET have improved to 87%,0.85 and 1.18 years respectively as opposed to 74%,0.72 and 3.45 years when DASNET is trained using real,but smaller number of images.

关键词： Dental forensics age estimation generative adversarial network pseudo-labelling convolutional neural network

Can canines alone be used for age estimation in Chinese individuals when applying the Kvaal method?

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第2期7卷 132-137页

作者： Mujia Li Jiamin Zhao Wenjie Chen Xin Chen Guang Chu Teng Chen Yucheng Guo Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research College of StomatologyXi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina Department of Orthodontics Stomatological Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong UniversityXi’anChina College of Medicine and Forensics Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterXi’anChina

Due to the secondary dentin formation,the dental pulp undergoes changes in shape throughout *** on this phenomenon,the Kvaal method has been applied to various populations for age estimation,and its usefulness has been *** applying the Kvaal method to Chinese subjects,we observed a relatively strong correlation between mandibular canines and *** study notes the correlation between canines and chronological age and is the first to identify which canine is most closely related to chronological *** addition,a new,simpler formula is determined based on canines according to Kvaal’s *** radiographs of 360 individuals from northern China were selected,from which the widths and lengths of the pulp from four canines were measured according to the Kvaal ***,inter-and intra-observer reliabilities were analyzed in order to assess the repeatability of these *** correlation between measurements and age was examined,and Chinese-specific age estimation formulae were *** results revealed that the ratios from the left maxillary canine exhibited the strongest correlation with age compared to the other canines,whereas the left mandibular canine showed the weakest correlation,which may contribute to the overall poor correlation of mandibular canines with ***’s more,the formula derived from the left maxillary canine in this study displayed the highest coefficients of determination,and the formula derived from all canines showed the lowest *** of these formulae performed better than the Chinese-specific formula derived from six different types of teeth in our previous study,which had formerly possessed the highest coefficients of determination and the lowest ***,we concluded that canines do play an important role in age estimation in the Chinese population,and the correlation between maxillary canines and chronological age is stronger than that of mandibular canines,although no distinct trend as t

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic odontology age estimation canine secondary dentine Kvaal method Chinese subjects

Progress in age estimation Based on DNA Methylation

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Journal of Forensic Science and Medicine 2023年第4期9卷 360-366页

作者： Yihang Huang Shengqiu Qu Yuanyuan Xiao Hui Jian Weibo Liang Department of Forensic Genetics West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic MedicineSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Department of Laboratory Medicine West China Second University HospitalSichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina

In forensic practice,the age of suspects or victims is crucial information that aids in the resolution of *** recent years,age estimation based on DNA methylation has gained significant attention in forensic *** methylation,an epigenetic marker,undergoes specific changes with age,making it a valuable tool for inferring the age of samples left at crime ***,the identification of age-related DNA methylation markers and the development of novel age estimation models are of great importance in forensic *** studies in the past decade have successfully established age estimation models based on DNA methylation,demonstrating excellent sensitivity and *** provide a comprehensive review,the authors of this paper conducted a systematic review of relevant articles published from 2012 to the *** used keywords such as“forensic,”“DNA methylation,”and“age estimation”to retrieve pertinent articles from the Web of Science *** review covers various aspects,including the sources of sample tissues used for age estimation,DNA methylation conversion methods,and different techniques for DNA methylation *** addition,the paper reviews the modeling methods for age estimation based on DNA methylation and factors that can influence DNA ***,this review serves as a valuable reference for forensic genetics,offering insights into the latest advancements in age estimation using DNA *** the field of forensic science continues to evolve,the integration of DNA methylation-based age estimation into practice is expected to enhance the accuracy and reliability of age determination in criminal investigations.

关键词： age estimation DNA methylation forensic genetics

Accuracy of Patient age estimation from Frontal Chest Radiographs of Adult Patients

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Open Journal of Radiology 2022年第2期12卷 37-48页

作者： Sarah Chibane Alexandre Semionov John Kosiuk Josephine Pressacco Karl Sayegh Gianni Giancaspro Aline Khatchikian Paul S. Benvenuto Joshua Chin Sukhmanjit Ghumman Abdulrahman Maimani Department of Diagnostic Radiology McGill University Health Centre Montreal Canada

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of patient age estimation from frontal chest radiographs of adult patients. Methods: 195 posterior-anterior chest radiographs without significant abnormalities were shown to 5 staff radiologists and 6 radiology residents, who were asked to provide their estimates of patient age to the nearest decade. Real patient age distribution ranged from 16 to 91 years of age. Results: On average, correct estimate of patient age decade was made in 22% of cases. Staff radiologists were overall more accurate in their estimations compared to residents. Best accuracy was achieved by the radiologist with the most years of clinical experience, however overall accuracy did not tend to correlate with number of years in practice for staff, nor years of post-graduate training for residents. Overall, patient age was most often overestimated. The least accurate estimates were made for patients younger than 20 years and older than 90. Best accuracy was seen for patients between 50 and 70 years of age. For patients between 20 and 90 years of age, overall estimates were within 11 - 15 years of their true age. There was no significant difference in accuracy of age estimation between radiographs of women and men. Conclusions: Average rate of correct age estimation to the nearest decade from normal frontal chest radiographs in our study was 22%. Staff radiologists were more accurate than radiology residents. Best estimates were made for middle-aged patients, and worst for extremes of age.

关键词： age estimation Chest Radiography Radiology Residents

estimation of age in forensic anthropology:historical perspective and recent methodological advances

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Forensic Sciences Research 2019年第1期4卷 1-9页

作者： Douglas H.Ubelaker Haley Khosrowshahi Department of Anthropology Smithsonian InstitutionWashingtonDCUSA

estimation of age represents a central focus of forensic anthropological analysis of human skeletal remains and of the living. Advances registered in recent research include the topics of taphonomic impact, new anatomical areas of interest, histology, population variation, the dental pulp chamber, technology, mathematical approaches, biochemical analysis and techniques specifically targeting the living. This article reviews the historical development of age estimation methods and considers likely future directions.

关键词： age estimation forensic sciences forensic anthropology history recent advances

estimation of the age of human semen stains by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy:a preliminary study

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Forensic Sciences Research 2020年第2期5卷 119-125页

作者： Shuai Zha Xin Wei Ruoxi Fang Qi Wang Hancheng Lin Kai Zhang Haohui Zhang Ruina Liu Zhouru Li Ping Huang Zhenyuan Wang Department of Forensic Pathology Xi’an Jiaotong University School of MedicineXi’anChina Department of Forensic Medicine Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Department of Forensic Medicine Xuzhou Medical UniversityXuzhouChina Department of Forensic Pathology Academy of Forensic ScienceShanghaiChina

Semen stain is one of the most important biological evidence at sexual crime *** estimation of human semen stains plays an important role in forensic work,and it is rarely studied due to lack of well-established *** this study,the technique called attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy(ATR-FTIR)coupled with advanced chemometric methods was employed to determine the age of semen stains on three different substrates:glass slides,tissues and fabric made of regenerated cellulose fibres up to 6 *** least squares regression(PLSR)was used in conjunction with spectral analysis for age estimation,and the results generated high R2 values(cross-validation:0.81,external validation:0.74)but a narrow margin of error for root mean square error(RMSE)(RMSE of cross-validation:0.77 d,RMSE of prediction:1.02 d).Additionally,our results indicated the robustness of PLSR model was not weaken by the influence of different substrates in this *** results indicate that ATR-FTIR,combined with chemometric methods,shows great potential as a convenient and efficient tool for age estimation of semen ***,the method could be applied to routine forensic investigations in the future.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic medicine semen stain age estimation spectroscopy Fourier transform infrared chemometrics