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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第3期6卷 335-341页

作者： Christine Amory-Mazaudier LPP/UPMC/Polytechnique/CNRS 4 Avenue de Neptune 94107 Saint-Maur-des-Fossds France

It was in 1995 that, at the end of the international project IEEY （International Equatorial Electrojet Year）, africa. and European scientists decided to create the IRGGEA （International Group in Geophysics Europe africa. in order to pursue the scientific work started during the IEEY project, The main objective of IRGGEA was to introduce new fields of research in africa.and built teams of africa. scientists recognized at an international level in these new fields. To reach this goal, we developed days after days methods to manage smoothly a large network of scientists from developed and developing countries. After a short introduction on the field of research developed in the IRGGEA, we present the organization of the work based on sharing practices and the results obtained in terms of scientific publications and socio-cultural aspects as the increase of the number of women and positions for students in their countries. Such an experience is easy to reproduce.

关键词： Scientific network ethical rules geophysics sustainable research africa.

Assessing the Public Lighting with Solar Panels in the Sub Saharan Countries in africa. Yaounde Case Study

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Journal of Energy and Power Engineering 2013年第10期7卷 1909-1914页

作者： Joseph Kenfack Antoine Amie Assouh Desire Biyo'o Olinga National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde 7048 Cameroon University of Douala Yaounde 1996 Cameroon Yaounde City Council Yaounde 867 Cameroon

Located in central africa. Cameroon offers a wealth of solar power opportunity. The public lighting in the capital city Yaounde is an example of solar energy promotion. The purpose of this paper is among other things aiming at assessing the solar energy resources of central africa.and making sure it can be used optimally at least for public lighting. Based on the knowledge from data collected and field experience for three years, the authors will assess the implementation of the technology and show how the use of solar energy can solve some problems in the city of Yaounde even when the area is grid connected. This paper will also identify actions for improved access to sustainable, friendly, affordable solar energy services to users, as well as a significant improvement of energy infrastructure and energy efficiency in the city. The authors will also address issues on identified obstacles for the promotion of solar energy in order to help the cities in sub Saharan countries to develop a vision aiming at developing good solar energy policy and better contribute to fight against poverty and climate change.

关键词： Solar energy public lighting Yaounde africa.

Financial Value of Nitrogen Fixation in Soybean in africa. Increasing Benefits for Smallholder Farmers

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Journal of Life Sciences 2010年第6期4卷 50-59页

作者： Jonas Nwankwo Chianu Jeroen Huising Seth Danso Peter Okoth Justina Nwanganga Chianu Nteranya Sanginga Tropical Soil Biology and Fertility Institute of the International Centre for Tropical Agriculture （TSBF-CIAT） Nairobi 00100 Kenya Agricultural Fertilizer Financing Mechanism （AFFM） OSAN A TR 808/B AfDB BP 323 1002 Belvedere Tunis 1002 Tunisia Ecological Laboratory University of Ghana Legon- Accra 00233 Ghana

The knowledge that soil microorganisms form an important component of below ground biodiversity, providing ecosystem services, is often not incorporated in formulation of policies to conserve and manage these microorganisms. Using the method of cost replacement or cost savings in terms of mineral nitrogen fertilizer that would have been required to attain the same level of nitrogen fixed biologically, this study contributes to awareness on the importance of these microorganisms. Applying the knowledge gained from several on-station and on-farm trials in africa. complemented with assumptions on FAO-sourced data from 19 africa. countries, this study estimated the financial value of nitrogen fixation of legume nodulating bacteria （LNB） associated with promiscuous soybean varieties. Results show that the financial value of the nitrogen-fixing attribute of soybean in africa. especially the promiscuous varieties, annually amounts to about $ 200 million US dollars across the 19 countries. With the fertilizer price of -$ 795 tl （June 2008）, this would amount to $ 375 million. The study recommends various ways of increasing the chances of smallholder farmers benefiting from the nitrogen-fixing attribute of LNB, especially since many cannot afford adequate quantities of inorganic fertilizers for increased crop productivity.

关键词： N2-fixation promiscuous soybean financial valuation africa.

Attitudes and Practices of Health Care Providers Regarding the Management of Uncomplicated Malaria in Abidjan, Cote d＇lvoire

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Journal of Life Sciences 2012年第7期6卷 747-753页

作者： Frederic Nogbou Ello Thomas Yapo Aba Ismael Ouattara Didier Koumavi Ekouvi Offoue Kra Pierre Aime Assemian Amath Wade Serge-Paul Eholie Emmanuel Bissagnene Department of lnfectious and Tropical Diseases in Abidjan University Hospital of Treichville 01 BP V3 Abidjan 01 Cote d 'lvoire PAC-CI Program Abidjan University Hospital ofTreichville USAC Extension 18 BP 1954 Abidjan 18 Cote d'Ivoire Laboratoire Sanofi Aventis Sanofi-Aventis Dakar BP 3529 Senegal

Malaria is a major public health problem in the Cote d＇Ivoire where it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. The objective of this study was to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of health care providers on the diagnosis and therapeutic procedures used to ensure the management of uncomplicated malaria in the health district of Abidjan. A cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2008 to December 2008 among 169 caregivers who treated 1,691 cases of uncomplicated malaria. Results： The knowledge of the caregivers of the national guidelines regarding malaria was sufficient （89%）. A diagnosis of uncomplicated malaria was established only on clinical arguments （70%）. The percentage of patients who were prescribed artemisinin-based combination therapy （ACT） was 86%. However, 25% of the antimalarials drugs that were prescribed to patients （oral quinine, artemisinin derivatives monotherapy, and herbal medicine） did not meet the recommendations on first choice treatment as suggested by the national program against malaria. These results indicate sufficient knowledge of the national guidelines for the treatment of malaria by health care providers as evidenced by acceptable prescriptions for ACTs despite an incomplete knowledge of the guidelines.

关键词： Malaria supplier of service ACT knowledge africa.

africa.development indicators 2011 1

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