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Climatology, trend of aerosol-cloud parameters and their correlation over the Northern Indian Ocean

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Geoscience Frontiers 2023年第4期14卷 173-186页

作者： Harshbardhan Kumar Shani Tiwari Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research(AcSIR) Ghaziabad201002India aerosol and Cloud Research Lab Geological Oceanography DivisionCSIR–National Institute of OceanographyGoa403004India

aerosols are one of the important atmospheric constituents and exert indirect impact on climate through the modification of microphysical and radiative properties of clouds that in turn perturb the precipitation pattern.Thus,the long term quantification of changes in aerosol and cloud characteristics and their interactions on both temporal as well as spatial scale will provide a crucial information for the better assessment of future climate change.In present study,18 years(2003-2020)MODerate Resolution Imaging Spectro-radiometer(MODIS)derived aerosol-cloud dataset over the Northern Indian Ocean(NIO)were analysed to assess climatology and trend of aerosol,cloud characteristics and their correlation.We found a strong heterogeneity in spatio-temporal variation of aerosol and cloud parameters over the NIO that are more prominent for the coastal region.The climatological mean of aerosol loading is found high(AOD≥0.5)over the outflow region along the Indian sub-continent and low(AOD≤0.2)over the northern equatorial open ocean.The climatological mean of cloud properties shows dominance of optically thicker deep convective(CTP700 hPa and CTT>273 K)over the northwestern Arabian Sea(AS).Similarly,bigger effective radii(>17µm)observed along the equatorial open ocean whereas smaller CER(aerosol loading(>0.003 yr^(-1))suggesting a significant impact of s

关键词： aerosol Cloud properties Northern Indian Ocean Climatology Trend Correlation

Influence of South Asian Biomass Burning on Ozone and aerosol Concentrations Over the Tibetan Plateau

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第7期39卷 1184-1197,I0002-I0013页

作者： Junhua YANG Shichang KANG Yuling HU Xintong CHEN Mukesh RAI State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Lanzhou 730000China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China CAS Center for Excellence in Tibetan Plateau Earth Sciences Beijing 100101China

In this work,the influence of South Asian biomass burning emissions on O_(3) and PM_(2.5)concentrations over the Tibetan Plateau(TP)is investigated by using the regional climate chemistry transport model WRF-Chem.The simulation is validated by comparing meteorological fields and pollutant concentrations against in situ observations and gridded datasets,providing a clear perspective on the spatiotemporal variations of O_(3) and PM_(2.5)concentrations across the Indian subcontinent,including the Tibetan Plateau.Further sensitivity simulations and analyses show that emissions from South Asian biomass burning mainly affect local O_(3) concentrations.For example,contribution ratios were up to 20%in the Indo-Gangetic Plain during the pre-monsoon season but below 1%over the TP throughout the year 2016.In contrast,South Asian biomass burning emissions contributed more than 60%of PM_(2.5)concentration over the TP during the pre-monsoon season via significant contribution of primary PM_(2.5)components(black carbon and organic carbon)in western India that were lofted to the TP by westerly winds.Therefore,it is suggested that cutting emissions from South Asian biomass burning is necessary to alleviate aerosol pollution over the TP,especially during the pre-monsoon season.

关键词： South Asian biomass burning ozone aerosol black carbon Tibetan Plateau

Comparison of the Anthropogenic Emission Inventory for CMIP6 Models with a Country-Level Inventory over China and the Simulations of the aerosol Properties

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第1期39卷 80-96页

作者： Tianyi FAN Xiaohong LIU Chenglai WU Qiang ZHANG Chuanfeng ZHAO Xin YANG Yanglian LI College of Global Change and Earth System Science Beijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China Department of Atmospheric Sciences Texas A&M UniversityCollege StationTexas 77843USA International Center for Climate and Environment Sciences Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Department of Earth System Science Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100091China

Anthropogenic emission inventory for aerosols and reactive gases is crucial to the estimation of aerosol radiative forcing and climate effects.Here,the anthropogenic emission inventory for AerChemMIP,endorsed by CMIP6,is briefly introduced.The CMIP6 inventory is compared with a country-level inventory(i.e.,MEIC)over China from 1986 to 2015.Discrepancies are found in the yearly trends of the two inventories,especially after 2006.The yearly trends of the aerosol burdens simulated by CESM2 using the two inventories follow their emission trends and deviate after the mid-2000s,while the simulated aerosol optical depths(AODs)show similar trends.The difference between the simulated AODs is much smaller than the difference between model and observation.Although the simulated AODs agree with the MODIS satellite retrievals for country-wide average,the good agreement is an offset between the underestimation in eastern China and the overestimation in western China.Low-biased precursor gas of SO_(2),overly strong convergence of the wind field,overly strong dilution and transport by summer monsoon circulation,too much wet scavenging by precipitation,and overly weak aerosol swelling due to low-biased relative humidity are suggested to be responsible for the underestimated AOD in eastern China.This indicates that the influence of the emission inventory uncertainties on simulated aerosol properties can be overwhelmed by model biases of meteorology and aerosol processes.It is necessary for climate models to perform reasonably well in the dynamical,physical,and chemical processes that would influence aerosol simulations.

关键词： anthropogenic emission inventory AerChemMIP CMIP6 MEIC aerosol CESM2

New Progress and Challenges in Cloud–aerosol–Radiation–Precipitation Interactions:Preface for a Special Issue※

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2022年第12期39卷 1983-1985页

作者： Chuanfeng ZHAO Yuan WANG Husi LETU Department of Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Department of Earth Atmosphericand Planetary SciencesPurdue UniversityWest LafayetteIN 47907USA State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science The Aerospace Information Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Beijing 100101China

Clouds play essential roles in the Earth’s radiative energy balance and global hydrological cycle.aerosols,the particles suspended in the air,can change cloud properties by interacting with radiation or serving as cloud condensation nuclei.However,the variations in cloud properties subjected to aerosol context,and their impacts on radiation and precipitation,are related to many complicating factors such as land types,meteorological conditions,cloud types,aerosol properties,and their co-varied relationships.Complication of cloud-aerosol-radiation-precipitation interactions makes representation of clouds one of the largest uncertainties in climate models for future climate prediction.It has also become a prevailing topic in atmospheric sciences over the past several decades.

关键词： Cloud aerosol prevailing

Spinal fusion is an aerosol generating procedure

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World Journal of Orthopedics 2023年第5期14卷 340-347页

作者： Joanna Lind Langner Nicole Segovia Pham Ann Richey Yousi Oquendo Shayna Mehta John Schoeneman Vorhies Pediatric Orthopaedic Surgery Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304United States Orthopaedic Surgery Hospital for Special SurgeryNew YorkNY 10021United States

BACKGROUND Transmission of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 can occur during aerosol generating procedures.Several steps in spinal fusion may aerosolize blood but little data exists to quantify the risk this may confer upon surgeons.aerosolized particles containing infectious coronavirus are typically 0.5-8.0μm.AIM To measure the generation of aerosols during spinal fusion using a handheld optical particle sizer(OPS).METHODS We quantified airborne particle counts during five posterior spinal instrumentation and fusions(9/22/2020-10/15/2020)using an OPS near the surgical field.Data were analyzed by 3 particle size groups:0.3-0.5μm/m^(3),1.0-5.0μm/m^(3),and 10.0μm/m^(3).We used hierarchical logistic regression to model the odds of a spike in aerosolized particle counts based on the step in progress.A spike was defined as a>3 standard deviation increase from average baseline levels.RESULTS Upon univariate analysis,bovie(Paerosol size range.Further research is warranted to determine if such particles have the potential to contain infectious viruses.Previous research has sh

关键词： Optical particle sizers aerosol COVID-19 Orthopaedic procedures Spinal fusion SARS-CoV-2

aerosol optical properties and the mixing state of black carbon at a background mountainous site in Eastern China

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2019年第9期31卷 21-38页

作者： Liang Yuan Yan Yin Hui Xiao Jian Hao Kui Chen Xingna Yu Xiaoling Zhang Key Laboratory for aerosol-Cloud-Precipitation of China Meteorological Administration School of Atmospheric Physics Nanjing University cf Information Science and Technology Nanjing 210044 China Plateau Atmosphere and Environment Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province College of Atmospheric Science Chengdu University of Information Technology Chengdu 610225 China Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology CMA Guangzhou 510641 China Tianjin Institute of Meteorological Science Tianjin 300074 China

In-situ measurements of aerosol optical properties were conducted at Mt. Huang from September 23 to October 28, 2012. Low averages of 82.2, 10.9, and 14.1 Mm-1 for scattering coefficient(σsp, neph, 550), hemispheric backscattering coefficient(σhbsp, neph, 550), and absorption coefficient(σap, 550), respectively, were obtained. Atmospheric aging process resulted in the increase of σap, 550 but the decrease of the single scattering albedo(ω550) at constant aerosol concentration. However, the proportion of non-light-absorbing components(non-BCs) was getting higher during the aging process, resulting in the increase of aerosol diameter, which also contributed to relatively higher σsp, neph, 550 and ω550. Diurnal cycles of σsp, neph, 550 and σap, 550 with high values in the morning and low values in the afternoon were observed closely related to the development of the planetary boundary layer and the mountain-valley breeze. BC mixing state, represented by the volume fraction of externally mixed BC to total BC(r), was retrieved by using the modified Mie model.The results showed r reduced from about 70% to 50% when the externally mixed non-BCs were considered. The periodical change and different diurnal patterns of r were due to the atmospheric aging and different air sources under different synoptic systems. Local biomass burning emissions were also one of the influencing factors on r. aerosol radiative forcing for different mixing state were evaluated by a "two-layer-single-wavelength" model,showing the cooling effect of aerosols weakened with BC mixing state changing from external to core-shell mixture.

关键词： aerosol optical properties Mixing state Direct radiative forcing Background mountainous site Mt.Huang

Distribution and transport characteristics of fine particulate matter in beijing with mobile lidar measurements from 2015 to 2018

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2022年第5期34卷 65-75页

作者： Lihui Lv Tianshu Zhang Yan Xiang Wenxuan Chai Wenqing Liu Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province Institutes of Physical Science and Information TechnologyAnhui UniversityHefei 230601China Key Laboratory of Environmental Optics and Technology Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of SciencesHefei 230031China China National Environmental Monitoring Centre Beijing 100012China

Accurately quantifying the concentration and transport flux of atmospheric fine particu-late matter(PM_(2.5))is vital when attempting to thoroughly identify the pollution formation mechanism.In this study,the mobile lidar measurements in Beijing on heavily polluted days in December from 2015 to 2018 are presented.The lidar was mounted on a vehicle,which could perform measurements along designated routes.On the basis of mobile lidar mea-surements along closed circuits of the 6th Ring Road around Beijing,the spatial distribution and transport flux of PM_(2.5) in Beijing were determined with information of wind field.In the spatial distribution,both the concentration and transport of PM_(2.5) were revealed to be more significant in the southern section of Beijing.The regional transport layer at heightsaerosol boundary layer height determined from the image edge detection(IED)method,the inter-annual variations of the aerosol boundary layer height(ABLH)were also analysed.The ABLH decreased from 0.73 to 0.46 km during the same heavy pollution period from 2015 to 2018.Increasingly adverse aerosol boundary layer(ABL)meteorological factors,including lower ABLH,light winds,temperature inversions,and accumulated moisture,have become necessary for pollution formation in Beijing.

关键词： aerosol PM_(2.5) Regional transport Lidar Mobile measurement

‘aerosol optical properties under different pollution levels in the pearl river delta(PRD)region of China’J.Environ.Sci.87(2020)49–59

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第1期33卷 182-187页

作者： Liuwei Kong Min Hu Qinwen Tan Miao Feng Yu Qu Junling An Yuanhang Zhang Xingang Liu Nianliang Cheng State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation School of EnvironmentBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing 100875China College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China Chengdu Academy of Environmental Sciences Chengdu 610072China State Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Boundary Layer Physics and Atmospheric Chemistry Institute of Atmospheric PhysicsChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100029China Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring Center Beijing 100048China

The authors regret 详细信息

The authors regretaerosol scattering hygroscopic growth factor(f(RH=80%))values were 2.0,2.12 and 2.18 for the excellent,good and pollution levels,respectively."should be revised to"The mean value of PM 2.5(24-hr)increased from less than 35μg/m^(3)(excellent)to 35–75μg/m^(3)(good)and then to greater than 75μg/m^(3)(pollution),corresponding to mean PM 2.5 values of 24.9,51.2 and 93.3μg/m^(3),respectively.The aerosol scattering hygroscopic growth factor(f(RH=80%))values were 2.69,2.33 and 2.09 for the excellent,good and pollution levels,respectively."

关键词： pollution aerosol revised

aerosol effects on ozone concentrations in Beijing:A model sensitivity study

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2012年第4期24卷 645-656页

作者： Jun Xu Yuanhang Zhang Shaoqing Zheng Youjiang He State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk Assessment Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences Beijing 100012 China College of Environmental Sciences Peking University Beijing 100871 China Appraisal Center for Environment ＆ Engineering State Environmental Protection Administration Beijing 100012 China

Most previous O3 simulations were based only on gaseous phase photochemistry. However, some aerosol-related processes, namely, heterogeneous reactions occurring on the aerosol surface and photolysis rate alternated by aerosol radiative influence, may affect O3 photochemistry under high aerosol loads. A three-dimensional air quality model, Models-3/Community Multi-scale Air Quality-Model of aerosol Dynamics, Reaction, Ionization, and Dissolution, was employed to simulate the effects of the above-mentioned processes on O3 formation under typical high O3 episodes in Beijing during summer. Five heterogeneous reactions, i.e., NO2, NO3, N2O5, HO2, and O3, were individually investigated to elucidate their effects on O3 formation. The results showed that the heterogeneous reactions significantly affected O3 formation in the urban plume. NO2 heterogeneous reaction increased O3 to 90 ppb, while HO2 heterogeneous reaction decreased O3 to 33 ppb. In addition, O3 heterogeneous loss decreased O3 to 31 ppb. The effects of NO2, NO3, and N2O5 heterogeneous reactions showed opposite O3 concentration changes between the urban and extra-urban areas because of the response of the reactions to the two types of O3 formation regimes. When the aerosol radiative influence was included, the photolysis rate decreased and O3 decreased significantly to 73 ppbO3. The two aerosol-related processes should be considered in the study of O3 formation because high aerosol concentration is a ubiquitous phenomenon that affects the urbanand regional air quality in China.

关键词： aerosol heterogeneous reactions ozone radiative influence