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Electric field and force characteristic of dust aerosol particles on the surface of high-voltage transmission line

Chinese Physics B 2024年第1期33卷 368-378页

作者：刘滢格李兴财王娟马鑫孙文海 School of Physics Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China Xinhua College of Ningxia University Yinchuan 750021China School of Electronic-Electrical Engineering Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

High-voltage transmission lines play a crucial role in facilitating the utilization of renewable energy in regions prone to desertification. The accumulation of atmospheric particles on the surface of these lines can significantly impact corona discharge and wind-induced conductor displacement. Accurately quantifying the force exerted by particles adhering to conductor surfaces is essential for evaluating fouling conditions and making informed decisions. Therefore, this study investigates the changes in electric field intensity along branched conductors caused by various fouling layers and their resulting influence on the adhesion of dust particles. The findings indicate that as individual particle size increases, the field strength at the top of the particle gradually decreases and eventually stabilizes at approximately 49.22 k V/cm, which corresponds to a field strength approximately 1.96 times higher than that of an unpolluted transmission line. Furthermore,when particle spacing exceeds 15 times the particle size, the field strength around the transmission line gradually decreases and approaches the level observed on non-adhering surface. The electric field remains relatively stable. In a triangular arrangement of three particles, the maximum field strength at the tip of the fouling layer is approximately 1.44 times higher than that of double particles and 1.5 times higher compared to single particles. These results suggest that particles adhering to the transmission line have a greater affinity for adsorbing charged particles. Additionally, relevant numerical calculations demonstrate that in dry environments, the primary adhesion forces between particles and transmission lines follow an order of electrostatic force and van der Waals force. Specifically, at the minimum field strength, these forces are approximately74.73 times and 19.43 times stronger than the gravitational force acting on the particles.

关键词： high-voltage current electric field aerosol particles force characteristic

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Insight into the interaction between water and surfactant aerosol particles based on molecular dynamics simulations

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颗粒学报:英文版 2023年第6期77卷 128-135页

作者： Chao Zhang Zhichao Zhang Longxiang Bu Yang Yang Wei Xiong Yueshe Wang School of Energy and Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow and Heat Transfer in Power Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai200093China State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an710049China

The ubiquitous surfactant significantly influences the hygroscopic growth of atmospheric aerosol ***,knowledge on the morphology of surfactant particles after the adsorption of water is *** this study,the interaction between water and particles composed of surface active malonic acid(MA)or adipic acid(AA)are simulated based on the molecular dynamics *** key point is the combined effect of temperature and water content on the structural properties of particles and the surface propensity of surfactants at the equilibrium *** show that demixed structure 1 with the adsorption of water clusters on acid grain,mixed structure and demixed structure 2 with acids coating on water droplet can be *** temperature increasing from 160 K to 330 K the surface propensity of MA and AA increases first and then *** the standard atmospheric temperature(280-330 K),the surface propensity of MA and AA increases with increasing water content and alkyl group,and its sensitivity to temperature and water content varies ***,all surfactants at the particle surface orient their hydrophobic groups toward the *** findings improve our insight into the surfactant partitioning and further assist in more accurate prediction of the particle hygroscopic growth.

关键词： aerosol particles Surfactant Surface propensity Hygroscopic growth Molecular dynamics

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Charging states on atmospheric aerosol particles affected by meteorological conditions

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Particuology 2020年第5期18卷 1-9页

作者： Yuanping He Zhaolin Gu Weizhen Lu Liyuan Zhang Daizhou Zhang Tomoaki Okuda Chuck Wah Yu Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences Xi'an Jiaotong UniversityXi'an 710049China Department of Architecture and Civil Engineering City University of Hong KongKowloon TongHong KongChina Department of Environmental Engineering Chang'an UniversityXi'an 710064China Faculty of Environmental Symbiotic Sciences Prefectural University of KumamotoKumamoto 862-8502Japan Department of Applied Chemistry Keio University3-14-1 HiyoshiKohoku-kuYokohama 223-8522Japan International Society of the Built Environment(1SBE) Milton Keynes MK78HQUK

Previous studies on haze formation focused mainly on the various chemical components in aerosol particles and their physicochemical effects on particle behaviour(e.g.,generation,growth,and agglomeration).This paper describes the measurement of the charging state on atmospheric aerosol particles,which could be affected by meteorological conditions.A series of experiments on particle charging state and meteorological factors was undertaken on the roof of the west 4th building on the Qujiang Campus at Xi'an Jiaotong University(China).Measurements were conducted approximately 20 m above ground level,Our results showed that most atmospheric particles carried net negative or positive charge and that the electric charge on the particles varied diurnally and *** average amount of charge on particles was higher in winter than in *** number concentration of charged particles was higher during the day than *** difference in the average charge of aerosol particles was found between sand-dust days and haze days.A strong relationship was found between the PM2.s concentration,charge amount on particles,and *** findings show that particle formation and growth could partly be attributed to variation in particle charging state,which is related to meteorological conditions including atmospheric humidity.

关键词： aerosol particles Atmospheric humidity Charging state Haze day Physicochemical effect Sand-dust day

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Effect of aerosol particles on Orographic Clouds:Sensitivity to Autoconversion Schemes

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Advances in Atmospheric Sciences 2020年第2期37卷 229-238页

作者： Hui XIAO Yan YIN Pengguo ZHAO Qilin WAN Xiantong LIU Guangzhou Institute of Tropical and Marine Meteorology China Meteorological AdministrationGuangzhou 510641China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and TechnologyNanjing 210044China College of Atmospheric Science Chengdu University of Information&TechnologyChengdu 610225China

aerosol particles can serve as cloud condensation nuclei(CCN)to influence orographic ***,which describes the initial formation of raindrops from the collision of cloud droplets,is an important process for aerosol-cloud-precipitation *** this study,seven autoconversion schemes are used to investigate the impact of CCN on orographic warm-phase *** the initial cloud droplet concentration is increased from 100 cm^(-3)to 1000 cm^(-3)(to represent an increase in CCN),the cloud water increases and then the rainwater is suppressed due to a decrease in the autoconversion rate,leading to a spatial shift in surface *** of the results from the autoconversion schemes show that the sensitivity of cloud water,rainwater,and surface precipitation to a change in the concentration of CCN is different from scheme to *** particular,the decrease in orographic precipitation due to increasing CCN is found to range from-87%to-10%depending on the autoconversion ***,the surface precipitation distribution also changes significantly by scheme or CCN concentration,and the increase in the spillover(ratio of precipitation on the leeward side to total precipitation)induced by increased CCN ranges from 10%to 55%under different autoconversion *** simulations suggest that autoconversion parameterization schemes should not be ignored in the interaction of aerosol and orographic cloud.

关键词： orographic cloud precipitation autoconversion aerosol particles

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Study on optical constants inversion and infrared transmission characteristics of aerosol particles

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Journal of Harbin Institute of Technology(New Series) 2011年第6期18卷 1-6页

作者：王希影齐宏牛臣基阮立明 School of Energy Science and Engineering Harbin Institute of Technology Postdoctoral Research Center of Instruments Science and Technology Harbin Institute of Technology

Based on the experimental infrared spectral transmittances,an inverse model has been developed to determine the optical constants of the aerosol particles (SiO2 and Al2O3).Combined with the Mie theory and Kramers-Kronig (K-K) relations,the complex refractive indices of the SiO2 and Al2O3 particles are *** effects of the measurement errors on the inverse results are also *** the optical constants inversed from the experiment,the discrete ordinate method (DOM) is used to calculate the infrared transmission characteristics of the aerosol particle *** the multi-scattering and self-emission of the particles,the equivalent transmittance ratio (ETR) is suggested to evaluate the infrared transmission characteristics of the aerosol *** attention is given to analyze the effects of the volume fraction and diameters on infrared transmission *** the volume fraction is larger than 0.001,the particle diameter has little effect on the infrared transmission *** the uniform monodisperse particles in the detection waveband range of 3-5 μm and 8-12 μm,there exists a critical diameter where the ETR reaches the minimum *** addition,the ETR of 3-5 μm is smaller than that of 8-12 μm with the same volume fraction and particle diameter.

关键词： aerosol particles optical constants inversion infrared transmission characteristics

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Calculation of collision frequency function for aerosol particles in free molecule regime in presence of force fields

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Frontiers in Energy 2013年第4期7卷 506-510页

作者： Xiaowei LUO Yannick BENICHOU Suyuan YU Institute of Nuclear Energy and New Energy Technology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China

The collision frequency function for aerosol particles has already been calculated for the free molecule regime and for the continuum range. The present work, taking into account the influence of internal force fields such as magnetic force, electric force and molecular forces, created by particles themselves, recalculated the collision frequency in the case of particles much smaller than the mean free path of the gas （free molecule regime）. Attractive forces increase naturally the collision frequency, while repulsive forces decrease it. The calculation was performed for all types of central forces deriving from a potential, including Coulomb forces and Van der Waals forces.

关键词： aerosol particles collision frequency function coagulation

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Photochemical Decomposition of Pesticide Chemicals in aerosol particles and Thin Films Relevant to Environmental Conditions

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Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering 2014年第3期8卷 286-301页

作者： Yuri N. Samsonov Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute of Chemical Kinetics and Combustion Novosibirsk 630090 Russia

Contamination of the environment by pesticides is the inevitable aftermath of plant protection, and a substantial portion of pesticide pollutants exists in the form of aerosol particles levitated in the air and deposited on plants, and as the pesticide residues （thin films） on the surface of plant leaves. The sunlight photolysis could be the resource for the accelerated photochemical decomposition of pesticide compounds to minimize the long-term environmental contamination. The rates of photochemical decomposition of pesticide chemicals propiconazole （commercial formulation Tilt） and haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl （Zellek） were measured in particles of 0.12-1.3 μm in diameter and in films 0.04-0.2 μm thick. A specific polyaromatic sensitizer Shirvanol was used to induce accelerated decomposition of the above pesticide particulates under both the solar radiation and the artificial UV light. It was established that propiconazole decomposes by the sensitized photo-oxidation only, but haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl reacts in both the oxygen （air） and oxygen-free mediums via both the direct and sensitized reactions. The photochemical mechanisms are hypothesized and argued for the oxidative and non-oxidative decompositions. The haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl （Zellek） residues lbrmed on foliage upon pesticide treatments of agricultural fields would essentially decompose under sunlight via a direct photoreaction in 4-6 weeks, but the propiconazole （Tilt） contaminants probably need more time.

关键词： Pesticide propiconazole haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl aerosol particles thin films photochemical decomposition.

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大气细颗粒物中环境持久性自由基的分子特征与形成机理的研究

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 612-620页

作者：钟来进朱豹苏文渊梁文青王昊天李婷玉曹东阮挺陈建民江桂斌 State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Department of Environmental Science and Engineering Institute of Atmospheric SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China

aerosol-bound organic radicals,including environmentally persistent free radicals(EPFRs),are key components that affect climate,air quality,and human *** putative structures have been proposed,the molecular characteristics of EPFRs remain ***,we report a surrogate method to characterize EPFRs in real ambient samples using mass *** method identifies chemically relevant oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons(OxPAH)that interconvert with oxygen-centered EPFR(OC-EPFR).We found OxPAH compounds most relevant to OC-EPFRs are structurally rich and diverse quinones,whose diversity is strongly associated with OC-EPFR *** atmospheric oxidation and combustion contributed to OC-EPFR *** analysis and photochemical aging model show pyrolytic sources generated more oxidized OC-EPFRs than photolytic *** study reveals the detailed molecular characteristics of OC-EPFRs and shows that oxidation states can be used to identify the origins of OC-EPFRs,offering a way to track the development and evolution of aerosol particles in the environment.

关键词： aerosol particles Atmospheric oxidation Environmentally persistent free radicals Oxygenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons

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Science and technology of atmospheric effects on optical engineering：Progress in 3rd quinquennium of 21st century

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2017年第12期60卷 1771-1783页

作者： RAO RuiZhong Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Optics Anhui Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics Chinese Academy of Sciences Hefei 230031 China

Brief introduction with remarks is given for recent work in optical properties of turbulent and turbid atmospheres and their effects on optical engineering. Emphasis about turbulence investigation is paid on spatial structure characteristics of optical turbulence,turbulence profiling with lidar technology, and turbulence prediction based on mesoscale atmospheric model. Discussion of turbid atmosphere study is focused on light scattering by non-spherical aerosol particles, high resolution atmospheric transmittance from solar radiation measurement, total sky imaging with high spectral resolution, and the modulation transfer function of a turbid medium. Key points about light propagation through turbulence include non-Kolmogorov turbulence effects, probability distribution models of scintillation, and combined beam propagation. Atmospheric effects on quantum communication are discussed, and statistical characteristics of atmospheric effects on optical engineering are introduced.

关键词： optical engineering atmospheric effect light propagation turbulence aerosol particles

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On secondary new particle formation in China

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2016年第5期10卷 191-200页

作者： Markku Kulmala Tuukka Petaja Veli-Matti Kerminen Joni Kujansuu Taina Ruuskanen Aijun Ding Wei Nie Min HU Zhibin Wang Zhijun Wu Lin Wang Douglas R. Worsnop University of Helsinki P.O. Box 64 Helsinki 00014 Finland Joint Intemational Research Laboratory of Atmospheric and Earth System Sciences (JirLATEST) Nanjing University and University of Helsinki Nanjing 210093 China Institute for Climate and Global Change Research Nanjing University Nanjing 210000 China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering Peking University Beijing 100871 China Max Planck Institute for Chemistry Hahn-Meimer-Weg 1 Mainz DE 55128 Germany Department of Environmental Science & Engineering Fudan University Shanghai 200433 China Aerodyne Research Inc. Billerica MA 01821 USA

Formation of new atmospheric aerosol particles is a global phenomenon that has been observed to take place in even heavily-polluted environments. However, in all environments there appears to be a threshold value of the condensation sink （due to pre-existing aerosol particles） after which the formation rate of 3 nm particles is no longer detected. In China new particle production has been observed at very high pollution levels （condensation sink about 0.1 s-1 ） m several megaclt es, including Beijing, Shanghai and Nanjing as well as in Pearl River Delta （PRD）. Here we summarize the recent findings obtained from these studies and discuss the various implications these findings will have on future research and policy.

关键词： aerosol particles Heavily-polluted environments Condensation sink New particle production Megacities

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