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植物病理学报 2019年第6期49卷 871-875页

作者：康静柯希望申永强殷丽华徐晓丹左豫虎黑龙江八一农垦大学植物免疫研究室大庆163319 黑龙江省七台河市种子管理处七台河154600

由豇豆单胞锈(Uromyces vignae)引起的小豆锈病是我国小豆生产中的重要病害之一[1,2],在中国华北及东北地区发生严重,可造成严重的产量损失[3]。当前小豆锈病的防治主要依赖化学药剂,但长期使用化学药剂存在残留、破坏生态等弊端。因此... 详细信息

由豇豆单胞锈(Uromyces vignae)引起的小豆锈病是我国小豆生产中的重要病害之一[1,2],在中国华北及东北地区发生严重,可造成严重的产量损失[3]。当前小豆锈病的防治主要依赖化学药剂,但长期使用化学药剂存在残留、破坏生态等弊端。因此寻找绿色可持续的防控措施越来越受到人们的关注。利用外源诱导剂诱导植物抗性是一种潜在的病害防控措施[4]。

关键词： adzuki bean rust inducer resistance ethylene signaling pathway

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Response of Four Market Classes of Dry Beans to Halosulfuron Applied Postemergence at Five Application Timings

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Agricultural Sciences 2015年第2期6卷 247-255页

作者： Nader Soltani Christy Shropshire Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown CampusRidgetown Ontario Canada

Six field trials were conducted over a three-year period (2011, 2012, 2013) at the Huron Research Station, Exeter, Ontario and University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus, Ridgetown, Ontario to determine the effect of five postemergence (POST) application timings (1 - 2 trifoliate, 3 - 4 trifoliate, 5 - 6 trifoliate, 1st flower and 1st pod stage) of halosulfuron (35 and 70 g·ai·ha-1) on the tolerance of adzuki, black, white and kidney beans. All treatments including the non-treated control were maintained weed free during the growing season. Halosulfuron applied POST in black, white and kidney bean caused as much as 8%, 8%, 7%, 4% and 2% injury 1 WAA and 4%, 4%, 2%, 2% and 1% injury 2 WAA at 1 - 2 trifoliate, 3 - 4 trifoliate, 5 - 6 trifoliate, 1st flower and 1st pod stage application timings, respectively. The injury observed was transient with 1% or less injury 4 WAA and there was no adverse effect on the shoot dry weight, plant height, seed moisture content and yield of black, white and kidney bean. Injury was substantially higher in adzuki bean at all application timings. Halosulfuron applied POST caused as much as 66%, 47%, 50%, 39% and 36% injury 1 WAA;77%, 68%, 64%, 51% and 42% 2 WAA;and 69%, 51%, 47%, 40% and 29% 4 WAA at 1 - 2 trifoliate, 3 - 4 trifoliate, 5 - 6 trifoliate, 1st flower and 1st pod stage application timings, respectively. Halosulfuron POST decreased shoot dry weight as much as 69%, 57%, 43%, 41% and 34%;plant height as much as 17%, 15%, 14%, 13% and 10%;and seed yield as much as 47%, 46%, 45%, 56% and 55% at 1 - 2 trifoliate, 3 - 4 trifoliate, 5 - 6 trifoliate, 1st flower and 1st pod stages, respectively. Based on these results, there is an adequate margin of crop safety for halosulfuron POST in black, white and kidney beans. However, there is not an adequate margin of crop safety for halosulfuron POST in adzuki bean at the application timings evaluated.

关键词： adzuki Bean Black Bean Kidney Bean White Bean Phaseolus vulgaris L.

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Dry Bean Sensitivity to Group 15 Herbicides Applied Preemergence

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2018年第7期9卷 1414-1423页

作者： Nader Soltani Christy Shropshire Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

Field experiments (4 in total) were conducted in 2016 and 2017 in southwestern Ontario to compare the sensitivity of dry bean to four Group 15 herbicides applied preemergence (PRE). At 4 weeks after emergence (WAE), pethoxamid, S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P and pyroxasulfone applied PRE at the 2X rate caused 5%, 9%, 9% and 14% visible injury in adzuki bean, 2%, 2%, 2% and 3% visible injury in kidney bean, 6%, 4%, 5% and 4% visible injury in small red Mexican (SRM) bean, and 9%, 6%, 8% and 9% visible injury in white bean, respectively. Pyroxasulfone reduced adzuki bean shoot biomass (m-1 row) 42% and height 12%. However, the other Group 15 herbicides did not reduce shoot biomass and height of adzuki bean. Kidney bean shoot biomass and height were not adversely affected by the Group 15 herbicides evaluated. S-metolachlor caused no adverse effect on SRM bean dry weight or height, but pethoxamid, dimethenamid-P and pyroxasulfone at the 2X rate reduced dry weight 26%, 28% and 28% and height 7%, 7% and 7% in SRM bean, respectively. Pethoxamid, S-metolachlor, dimethenamid-P, and pyroxasulfone applied PRE at the 2X rate reduced white bean dry weight 50%, 37%, 47% and 43% and height 16%, 10%, 16% and 15% in white bean, respectively. Pyroxasulfone (2X rate), applied PRE, reduced bean stand count and seed yield 12% and 7%, respectively. However, pethoxamid, S-metolachlor, and dimethenamid-P, applied PRE caused no decrease in stand count and seed yield of dry beans evaluated. In general, kidney and SRM bean are most tolerant, white bean is intermediate, and adzuki bean is most sensitive to Group 15 herbicides applied PRE.

关键词： adzuki Bean Dimethenamid-P Kidney Bean Pethoxamid Pyroxasulfone Small Red Mexican Bean S-Metolachlor White Bean

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Sensitivity of Dry Bean to Dimethenamid-p, Saflufenacil and Dimethenamid-p/Saflufenacil

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2014年第21期5卷 3288-3294页

作者： Nader Soltani Christy Shropshire Peter H. Sikkema University of Guelph Ridgetown Campus Ridgetown Canada

There is limited information on the sensitivity of dry bean to dimethenamid-p, saflufenacil and a preformulated mixture of dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil. Field trials were conducted at Exeter and Ridgetown, ON, Canada in 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the tolerance of four market classes of dry bean to dimethenamid-p, saflufenacil and dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil applied preemergence (PRE) at the 1X and 2X manufacturer’s recommended rate in soybean. Dimethenamid-p, saflufenacil and dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil applied PRE caused 0% - 2%, 20% - 31% and 34% - 45% injury in dry bean, respectively. Dimethenamid-p (220 and 440 g ai ha-1) caused no adverse effect on plant stand, shoot dry weight, height and yield of black, white, adzuki and kidney bean. Saflufenacil (25 and 50 g ai ha-1) or dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil (245 and 490 g ai ha-1) reduced plant stand 53% - 70%, shoot dry weight 61% - 81%, height 26% - 48% and yield 40% - 61% of black and white bean. However, saflufenacil applied alone or in combination with dimethenamid-p at the 1X or 2X rates caused no adverse effect on plant stand, shoot dry weight, height and yield of adzuki and kidney bean except with dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil at the 2X rate which reduced plant stand 38% in kidney bean, shoot dry weight 46% in adzuki bean and 42% in kidney bean, and yield 29% in kidney bean. Based on these results, saflufenacil and dimethenamid-p/saflufenacil applied PRE at the proposed rate of 25 and 245 g ai ha-1, respectively does have an adequate margin of crop safety for weed management in black and white bean. Further research is needed to ascertain the margin of crop safety in kidney and adzuki bean.

关键词： adzuki Bean Black Bean Kidney Bean White Bean Sensitivity Tolerance

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