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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第12期4卷 941-947页

作者： Marimuthu Govindarajan Rajamohan Sivakumar Division of Vector Biology and Phytochemistry Department of ZoologyAnnamalai UniversityAnnamalai Nagar - 608 002Tamil NaduIndia

To determine the adulticidal and repellent activities of different solvent leaf extracts of Eclipta alba（E.alba） and Andrographis paniculata（A.paniculata） against malarial vector, Anopheles stephensi（An.stephensi）Mathods:Adultieidal efficacy of the crude leaf extracts of E.alba and.***.paniculata with five different solvents like benzene,hexane.ethyl acetate. methanol and chloroform was tested against the five to six dav old adult female mosquitoes of An.stephensi.The adult mortality was observed after 24 h under the laboratory conditions.The repellent efficacy was determined against An,stephensi mosquito species at three concentrations viz.,1.0,2.5 and 5.0 mg/cm2 under laboratory conditions.Results:Among the tested solvents the maximum efficacy was observed in the methanol extract.The LC50 and LC90 values of E.alba and A.paniculata against adults of An.stephensi were 150.***.130.19 ppm and 285.***.244.16 ppm. respectively.No mortality was obsened in controls.The chi-square values were significant at P<0.05 lev el.Methanol extract of E.alba and A.paniculata was produce maximum repellency against An.stephensi.Conclusions:From the results it can be concluded the crude extract of E. nihil and A.paniculata was an excellent potential for controlling An.stephensi mosquitoes.

关键词： adulticidal activity Repellent activity Anopheles stephensi Eclipta alba Andrographis paniculata

Adult emergence inhibition and adulticidal activities of medicinal plant extracts against Anopheles stephensi Liston

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第11期3卷 878-883页

作者： Abdul Abduz Zahir Abdul Abdul Rahuman Asokan Bagavan Gandhi Elango Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products Post Graduate and Research Department of ZoologyC.Abdul Hakeem CollegeMelvisharam- 632 509Vellore DistrictTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To determine the adult emergence inhibition（EI） and adulticidal activities of hexane,chloroform,ethyl acetate,and acetone leaves extracts of Anisomeles malabarica（A. malabarica）,Euphorbia hirta（E,hirta）,Ocimum basilicum（0.basilicum）,Ricinus communis（R. communis）,Solanum trilobatum（S.trilobatum）,Tridax procumbens（T.procumbens） and seeds of Gloriosa superba（G.superba） against Anopheles stephensi（An,stephensi）.Methods:The EI and adulticidal trials were carried out according to World Health Organization（WHO） procedures with slight modifications.The extracts were diluted in dimethyl sulphoxide in order to prepare a serial dilution of test dosages（15.625,31.25,62.5,125,250,500 and 1 000μg/mL）.Five duplicate trials were carried out for every sample concentration,and for each trial a negative control was included and the mortality was determined after 24 h of exposure.Results:The highest EI activity was found in ethyl acetate extracts of A malabarica,chloroform extracts of O.basilicum, S.trilobatum,acetone of extract of R.communis,T.procumbens,and seed extract of G.superba with EI50 values 143.12,119.***.157.87,139.39,111.19,and 134.85μg/mL,and the effective adulticidal activity was observed in chloroform,acetone extracts of G.superba,T.procumbens,R. communis,S.trilobatum and ethyl acetate extract of 0.basilicum with LD50 values 120.17,108.77, 127.22,163.11,118.27,and 93.02μg/mL,respectively.Chi-square value was significant at Padulticidal properties when isolated in pure form.

关键词： Plant extracts Anopheles stephensi Adult emergence inhibition adulticidal activity

Larvicidal and adulticidal potential of medicinal plant extracts from south India against vectors

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第12期3卷 948-953页

作者： Chinnaperumal Kamaraj Abdul Abdul Rahuman Unit of Nanotechnology and Bioactive Natural Products Post Graduate and Research Department of Zoology C.Abdul Hakeem College Melvisharam-632 509Vellore DistrictTamil NaduIndia

Objective:To determine the larvicidal and adulticidal activities of hexane,ethyl acetate and methanol extracts of Momordica charantia（M.charantia）,Moringa oleifera（M.oleifera）,Ocimum gratissimum（O.gratissimum）,Ocimum tenuiflorum（0.tenuiflorum）,Punica granalum（P. granatum） and Tribulus terrestris（T.terrestris） against Culex gelidus（Cx.gelidus） and Culex quinquefasciatus（Cx.quinquefasciatus）.Methods:Bioassay test was carried out by WHO method for determination of larvicidal and adulticidal activity against mosquitoes.Results:All plant extracts showed moderate larvicidal and adulticidal activities,however the effective larval mortality was found in the leaf ethyl acetate and methanol extract of O.gratissimum and bark methanol extract of M.oleifera against Cx.gelidus with LC50 values of 39.***.66.28,and 21.83μg/mL respectively,and methanol extract of 0.gratissimum,0.tenuiflorum and P.granatum against Cx.quinquefasciatus with LC50 values of 38.***.24.90 and 67.20μg/mL,respectively.The adult exposed for 1 h and mortality was recorded at 24 h recovery period.Above 90%- mortality was found in the ethyl acetate and methanol extract of all experimental plants at the concentrations of 500μg/mL.Conclusions:The present results suggest that the medicinal plant extracts provided an excellent potential for controlling Cx.gelidus and Cx.quinquefasciatus.

关键词： Plant extracts Larvicidal adulticidal Culex gelidus Culex quinquefasciatus

Anopheles gambiae larvicidal and adulticidal potential of Phyllanthus amarus(Schumach and Thonn,1827)obtained from different localities of Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第1期14卷 27-33页

作者： Kingsley Uchenna Ozioko Chris Ikem Okoye Fabian Chukwuemenam Okafor Rose Nduka Obiezue Parasitology and Public Health Unit Department of Zoology and Environmental BiologyUniversity of NigeriaNsukka 400241Nigeria

Objective:To screen phytochemicals in ethanolic leaf extracts of Phyllanthus amarus collected from three different geographical zones in Nigeria and evaluate their effects on larva and adult of Anopheles gambiae.Methods:The sample extracts of Phyllanthus amarus prepared with ethanol solvent were tested against Anopheles gambiae at two important developmental stages of its life cycle using slightly modified WHO protocols.Results:Alkaloids,saponins,tannins,flavonoids,glycosides,phenols,and terpenes were detected in each extract.Among these samples,the extract from northwest exhibited the highest larvicidal activity(LC50=263.02 ppm),followed by southeast and southwest extracts(LC50=288.40 and 295.12 ppm,respectively after 48 h),while the extract from southwest exhibited the highest adulticidal activity(LC50=275.42 ppm),followed by northwest and southeast extract(LC50=301.99 and 316.22 ppm,respectively after 24 h).A 50%larva mortality was almost attained at 600 ppm after 48 h duration of exposure to the northwest extract.Conclusions:The tested samples possess strong larvicidal and adulticidal property against Anopheles gambiae which depends on their chemical composition and localities of collection.Further studies are needed to explore the insecticidal activity against a wider range of mosquito species,and to identify active ingredient(s)of the extract responsible for such activity.

关键词： adulticidal Anopheles gambiae Different localities Larvicidal Phyllanthus amarus

Melaleuca quinquinervia(Cav.) S.T. Blake(Myrtales:Myrtaceae):Natural alternative for mosquito control

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第10期9卷 957-962页

作者： Maureen Leyva Leidys French-Pacheco Felipe Quintana Domingo Montada Mayda Castex Ariel Hernandez María del Carmen Marquetti Institute Tropical Medicine ‘Pedro Kouri’ Chemical Research Center Center for Integration and Social Welfare

Objective: To evaluate an essential oil with larvicide, adulticide and growth inhibitory activity against Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus and Culex quinquefasciatus mosquitoes, of medical importance. Methods: Standardized methodology by WHO was used to determine the levels of susceptibility of mosquito larvae exposed to the essential oil. To evaluate the adulticide activity with the essential oil at different doses, bottles were impregnated according to the methodology CDC. To determine the development inhibitory activity of Melaleuca quinquinervia(M. quinquinervia) oil in three mosquito species, third instar larvae were exposed to the LC_(50) and LC_(90) dose(calculated for each population) of M. quinquinervia oil in glass containers with a capacity of 500 mL. After 24 h exposure, the dead larvae were discarded. The mortality of larvae and pupae were recorded on a daily basis. Results: The calculated LC_(50) indicates an order of effectiveness of preferential oil for Culex quinquefasciatus(LC_(50)=0.002 1%), Aedes aegypti(LC_(50)=0.004 7%) and Aedes albopictus(LC_(50)=0.004 9%). Conclusions: The adulticide activity was achieved with impregnated bottles at 40 and 50 mg/mL with the three mosquitoes species. In larvae, a growth inhibition was detected when exposed to sublethal doses. The results indicate that M. quinquinervia is a plant with promising environmentally sustainable source for vector control.

关键词： Melaleuca quinquinervia Larvicidal activity adulticidal activity Essential oils Aedes spp. Culex quinquefasciatus